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Overview
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Rule
144(d) provides one of the conditions to use
of Rule 144
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2008 Changes
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Rule
144(d) was amended in 2007
Rule
144(d)(1)(i) shortens the holding period for restricted securities of reporting
companies to six months
- Affiliates and non-affiliates can resell
restricted securities after holding the restricted securities for six months
- Shortened from one year
- Company must be a reporting company
-- subject to the
reporting requirements of Exchange Act §13 or §15(d) for at least
90 days prior to the sale
- Other conditions of Rule 144 apply
- Affiliates and non-affiliates can resell restricted securities
after holding restricted securities for one year
- Unchanged from prior rule
- Note that resale restrictions on non-affiliates of non-reporting companies
under Rule 144 have been eliminated after
the one year holding period, allowing such non-affiliates to resell their
restricted securities after
meeting the required one year holding period without any further conditions
under Rule 144
_____________
Changes
were also made to Rule 144(d)(3)
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Rules
144(d)(1) General Rule Effective 2.15.08
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144(d)(1)(i) Reporting
companies
- If the issuer of the securities is, and has been for a period of at
least 90 days immediately before the sale, subject to the reporting requirements
of section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, a minimum of six months must elapse
between the later of the date of the acquisition of the securities from the
issuer, or from an affiliate of the issuer, and any resale of such securities in
reliance on this section for the account of either the acquiror or any
subsequent holder of those securities.
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144(d)(1)(ii) Non-reporting
companies
- If the issuer of the securities is not, or has not been for a period
of at least 90 days immediately before the sale, subject to the reporting
requirements of section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, a minimum of one year
must elapse between the later of the date of the acquisition of the securities
from the issuer, or from an affiliate of the issuer, and any resale of such
securities in reliance on this section for the account of either the acquiror or
any subsequent holder of those securities.
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144(d)(1)(iii) Full
payment required
- If the acquiror takes the securities by purchase, the holding period
shall not begin until the full purchase price or other consideration is paid or
given by the person acquiring the securities from the issuer or from an
affiliate of the issuer.
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Official
source
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144(d)(1) General Rule Effective until 2.15.08
- Filing of Reports. The issuer has securities registered pursuant to
Section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, has been subject to the
reporting requirements of Section 13 of that Act for a period of at least 90
days immediately preceding the sale of the securities and has filed all the
reports required to be filed thereunder during the 12 months preceding such sale
(or for such shorter period that the issuer was required to file such reports);
other than Form 8-K reports (Rule 249.308 of this chapter); or has securities
registered pursuant to the Securities Act of 1933, has been subject to the
reporting requirements of section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
for a period of at least 90 days immediately preceding the sale of the
securities and has filed all the reports required to be filed thereunder during
the 12 months preceding such sale (or for such shorter period that the issuer
was required to file such reports), other than Form 8-K reports (Rule 249.308 of
this chapter). The person for whose account the securities are to be sold shall
be entitled to rely upon a statement in whichever is the most recent report,
quarterly or annual, required to be filed and filed by the issuer that such
issuer has filed all reports required to be filed by section 13 or 15(d) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such
shorter period that the issuer was required to file such reports), other than
Form 8-K reports ( 249.308 of this chapter), and has been subject to such
filing requirements for the past 90 days, unless he knows or has reason to
believe that the issuer has not complied with such requirements. Such person
shall also be entitled to rely upon a written statement from the issuer that it
has complied with such reporting requirements unless he knows or has reasons to
believe that the issuer has not complied with such requirements.
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144(d)(2) Promissory Notes, ...
- Promissory Notes, Other Obligations or Installment Contracts. Giving
the issuer or affiliate of the issuer from whom the securities were purchased a
promissory note or other obligation to pay the purchase price, or entering into
an installment purchase contract with such person, shall not be deemed full
payment of the purchase price unless the promissory note, obligation or
contract:
i. provides for full recourse against the purchaser of the securities;
ii. is secured by collateral, other than the securities purchased, having a fair
market value at least equal to the purchase price of the securities purchased;
and
iii. shall have been discharged by payment in full prior to the sale of the
securities.  |
144(d)(3) Determination of Holding Period Amended Effective 2.15.08
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The following provisions shall apply for the purpose of determining the period securities have been held: |
(i) Stock
dividends, splits and recapitalizations
- Effective 2.15.07
Securities acquired from the issuer as a dividend or pursuant to a stock split,
reverse split or recapitalization shall be deemed to have been acquired at the
same time as the securities on which the dividend or, if more than one, the
initial dividend was paid, the securities involved in the split or reverse
split, or the securities surrendered in connection with the recapitalization.
_______ Official source: SEC final release 33-8869
- Effective until Feb _, 2007
Stock Dividends, Splits and Recapitalizations. Securities acquired
from the issuer as a dividend or pursuant to a stock split, reverse split or
recapitalization shall be deemed to have been acquired at the same time as the
securities on which the dividend or, if more than one, the initial dividend was
paid, the securities involved in the split or reverse split, or the securities
surrendered in connection with the recapitalization; |
(ii) Conversions
and exchanges
- Effective 2.15.08
Conversions and exchanges. If the securities sold were acquired from the issuer
solely in exchange for other securities of the same issuer, the newly acquired
securities shall be deemed to have been acquired at the same time as the
securities surrendered for conversion or exchange, even if the securities
surrendered were not convertible or exchangeable by their terms.
Note to 230.144(d)(3)(ii). If the surrendered securities originally did not
provide for cashless conversion or exchange by their terms and the holder
provided consideration, other than solely securities of the same issuer, in
connection with the amendment of the surrendered securities to permit cashless
conversion or exchange, then the newly acquired securities shall be deemed to
have been acquired at the same time as such amendment to the surrendered
securities, so long as, in the conversion or exchange, the securities sold were
acquired from the issuer solely in exchange for other securities of the same
issuer.
- Effective until 2.15.08
Conversions. If the securities sold were acquired from the issuer for
a consideration consisting solely of other securities of the same issuer
surrendered for conversion, the securities so acquired shall be deemed to have
been acquired at the same time as the securities surrendered for conversion;
______________
- Conversions
and exchanges - Tacking
of holding periods
- Rule 144(d)(3)(ii) is amended to codify that securities acquired
from the issuer solely in
exchange for other securities of the same issuer will be deemed to have been
acquired at
the same time as the securities surrendered for conversion or exchange, even if
the
securities surrendered were not convertible or exchangeable by their terms
- New note to Rule 144(d)(3)(ii) provides that if
(a) the original securities do not permit
cashless conversion or exchange by their terms,
(b) the parties amend the
original
securities to allow for cashless conversion or exchange, and
(c) the securityholder
provides consideration for that amendment other than solely securities of the
same issuer,
then the securities will be deemed to have been acquired on the date that the
securities were amended, rather than the date on which the securities were
originally purchased
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(iii) Contingent
issuance of securities
- Contingent Issuance of Securities. Securities acquired as a contingent
payment of the purchase price of an equity interest in a business, or the assets
of a business, sold to the issuer or an affiliate of the issuer shall be deemed
to have been acquired at the time of such sale if the issuer or affiliate was
then committed to issue the securities subject only to conditions other than the
payment of further consideration for such securities. An agreement entered into
in connection with any such purchase to remain in the employment of, or not to
compete with, the issuer or affiliate or the rendering of services pursuant to
such agreement shall not be deemed to be the payment of further consideration
for such securities.
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(iv) Pledged
securities
- Pledged Securities. Securities which are bona fide pledged by an
affiliate of the issuer when sold by the pledgee, or by a purchaser, after a
default in the obligation secured by the pledge, shall be deemed to have been
acquired when they were acquired by the pledgor, except that if the securities
were pledged without recourse they shall be deemed to have been acquired by the
pledgee at the time of the pledge or by the purchaser at the time of purchase.
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(v) Gifts
of securitiesSEC_CODE_REF_0090001192884
- Gifts of Securities. Securities acquired from an affiliate of the
issuer by gift shall be deemed to have been acquired by the donee when they were
acquired by the donor;
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(vi) Trusts
- Trusts. Where a trust settlor is an affiliate of the issuer,
securities acquired from the settlor by the trust, or acquired from the trust by
the beneficiaries thereof, shall be deemed to have been acquired when such
securities were acquired by the settlor;
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(vii) Estates
- Effective 2.15.08
Estates. Where a deceased person was an affiliate of the issuer,
securities held by the estate of such person or acquired from such estate by the
estate beneficiaries shall be deemed to have been acquired when they were
acquired by the deceased person, except that no holding period is required if
the estate is not an affiliate of the issuer or if the securities are sold by a
beneficiary of the estate who is not such an affiliate.
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Note to 144(d)(3)(vii). While there is no holding period or amount limitation
for estates and estate beneficiaries which are not affiliates of the issuer,
paragraphs (c) and (h) of this section apply to securities sold by such persons
in reliance upon this section.
- Effective until 2.15.08
Estates. Where a deceased person was an affiliate of the issuer,
securities held by the estate of such person or acquired from such an estate by
the beneficiaries thereof shall be deemed to have been acquired when they were
acquired by the deceased person, except that no holding period is required if
the estate is not an affiliate of the issuer or if the securities are sold by a
beneficiary of the estate who is not such an affiliate.
_______
Note. While there is no holding period or amount limitation for estates and
beneficiaries thereof which are not affiliates of the issuer, paragraphs (c),
(h) and (i) of the rule apply to securities sold by such persons in reliance
upon the rule. |
(viii)
Rule
145(a) transactions
- Effective 2.15.08
Rule 145(a) transactions. The holding period for securities acquired
in a transaction specified in 230.145(a) shall be deemed to commence on the
date the securities were acquired by the purchaser in such transaction, except
as otherwise provided in paragraphs (d)(3)(ii) and (ix) of this section.
- Effective until 2.15.08
Rule 145(a) transactions. The holding period for securities acquired
in a transaction specified in Rule 145(a) shall be deemed to commence on the
date the securities were acquired by the purchaser in such transaction. This
provision shall not apply, however, to a transaction effected solely for the
purpose of forming a holding company. |
(ix)
Holding company formation
- Effective 2.15.08
Holding company formations. Securities acquired from the issuer in a
transaction effected solely for the purpose of forming a holding company shall
be deemed to have been acquired at the same time as the securities of the
predecessor issuer exchanged in the holding company formation where:
(A) The newly formed holding companys securities were issued solely in exchange
for the securities of the predecessor company as part of a reorganization of the
predecessor company into a holding company structure;
(B) Holders received securities of the same class evidencing the same
proportional interest in the holding company as they held in the predecessor,
and the rights and interests of the holders of such securities are substantially
the same as those they possessed as holders of the predecessor companys
securities; and
(C) Immediately following the transaction, the holding company has no
significant assets other than securities of the predecessor company and its
existing subsidiaries and has substantially the same assets and liabilities on a
consolidated basis as the predecessor company had before the transaction.
______________
- Holding
company formation - Tacking
of holding periods
- New Rule 144(d)(3)(ix) permits securityholders
to tack the Rule 144 holding period for securities held prior to the holding
company formation with the holding period for the securities received in the
formation, if specified conditions are met
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(x)
Cashless exercise of options and warrants
- Effective 2.15.08
Cashless exercise of options and warrants. If the securities sold were
acquired from the issuer solely upon cashless exercise of options or warrants
issued by the issuer, the newly acquired securities shall be deemed to have been
acquired at the same time as the exercised options or warrants, even if the
options or warrants exercised originally did not provide for cashless exercise
by their terms.
Note 1 to 230.144(d)(3)(x). If the options or warrants originally did not
provide for cashless exercise by their terms and the holder provided
consideration, other than solely securities of the same issuer, in connection
with the amendment of the options or warrants to permit cashless exercise, then
the newly acquired securities shall be deemed to have been acquired at the same
time as such amendment to the options or warrants so long as the exercise itself
was cashless.
Note 2 to 230.144(d)(3)(x). If the options or warrants are not purchased for
cash or property and do not create any investment risk to the holder, as in the
case of employee stock options, the newly acquired securities shall be deemed to
have been acquired at the time the options or warrants are exercised, so long as
the full purchase price or other consideration for the newly acquired securities
has been paid or given by the person acquiring the securities from the issuer or
from an affiliate of the issuer at the time of exercise.
______________
- Cashless
exercise of options and warrants
- New Rule 144(d)(3)(x) codifies that upon a cashless exercise of options or warrants, the newly
acquired
underlying securities are deemed to have been acquired when the corresponding
options or
warrants were acquired, even if the options or warrants originally did not
provide for cashless exercise by their terms
- New note to new
Rule
144(d)(3)(x) codifies that if
(a) the original options or warrants do not permit cashless exercise by
their terms,
(b)
the parties amend the original options or warrants to allow for cashless
exercise, and
(c)
the securityholder provides consideration for that amendment, other than solely
securities
of the same issuer,
then the options or warrants will be deemed to have been
acquired
on the date that the options or warrants were amended, rather than the date on
which the options or warrants were originally purchased;
- New note to new
Rule
144(d)(3)(x) codifies that because the grant of certain options or warrants that are not purchased for
cash or property
(such as employee stock options) does not create an investment risk in the
holder, the
holder will not be allowed to tack the holding period of the option or warrant
and will be deemed to have acquired the underlying securities on the date the option or
warrant was exercised, if the exercise price was paid in full at that time
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Other Matters
SEC FAQs
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SEC
Interpretive Release 33-6099 1979
Rule
144(d)
- 109.02
Distributions of securities - Closely-held entities
- 109.03
Pledged securities
- 109.04
Exercise of options by an estate
- 109.05
Transfer to an IRA
- 109.07
Subscription agreement
- 109.08
Section 3(a)(9) exchange
- 209.01
Affiliate pledgor defaults
- 209.02
Preferred stock exchange - tacking
- 209.03
Partnership reorganization
- 209.04
M&A closing
- 209.05
Distribution of securities - tacking
- 209.06
Individual employment agreement
- 209.07
Convertible securities
- 209.08
Redemption - tacking
- 209.09
Affiliate transfer to controlled corporation
- 209.10
Promissory note
- 209.11
M&A escrow
- 209.12
Employee bonus - tacking
- 209.13
Employee "price hook" plan
- 209.14
Convertible securities - accrued interest
- 209.15
Private offering escrow
- 209.16
Change of state of incorporation
- 209.17
ADRs
- 209.18
Pledge - tacking
Rule
144(d)(1)
Rule
144(d)(2)
- 211.01
Collateral requirement for pledge
- 211.02
Officer: Collateral requirement for pledge
- 211.03
Employees: Collateral requirement for pledge
Rule
144(d)(3)
- 112.01
Change in legal form of an enterprise
- 112.02
Warrant exercise - de minimis payment
- 212.01
Exercise of warrant with issuer shares
- 212.02
Exercise of warrant with issuer note
- 212.03
Hypothecated shares
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Related Topics
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