Investment Company Act Rules
 
Rule 2a-7
Money Market Funds
(a) Definitions.
(1) Acquisition (or Acquire) means any purchase or subsequent rollover
(but does not include the failure to exercise a Demand Feature).
(2) Amortized Cost Method of valuation means the method of calculating
an investment company's net asset value whereby portfolio securities are
valued at the fund's Acquisition cost as adjusted for amortization of premium
or accretion of discount rather than at their value based on current market
factors.
(3) Asset Backed Security means a fixed income security (other than a
Government security) issued by a Special Purpose Entity (as defined in this
paragraph), substantially all of the assets which consist of Qualifying
Assets (as defined in this paragraph). Special Purpose Entity means a trust,
corporation, partnership or other entity organized for the sole purpose
of issuing securities that entitle their holders to receive payments that
depend primarily on the cash flow from Qualifying Assets, but does not include
a registered investment company. Qualifying Assets means financial assets,
either fixed or revolving, that by their terms convert into cash within
a finite time period, plus any rights or other assets designed to assure
the servicing or timely distribution of proceeds to security holders.
(4) Business Day means any day, other than Saturday, Sunday, or any customary
business holiday.
(5) Collateralized Fully means ''Collateralized Fully'' as defined in
Sec. 270.5b-3(c)(1).
(6) Conditional Demand Feature means a Demand Feature that is not an
Unconditional Demand Feature. A Conditional Demand Feature is not a Guarantee.
(7) Conduit Security means a security issued by a Municipal Issuer (as
defined in this paragraph) involving an arrangement or agreement entered
into, directly or indirectly, with a person other than a Municipal Issuer,
which arrangement or agreement provides for or secures repayment of the
security. Municipal Issuer means a state or territory of the United States
(including the District of Columbia), or any political subdivision or public
instrumentality of a state or territory of the United States. A Conduit
Security does not include a security that is:
(i) Fully and unconditionally guaranteed by a Municipal Issuer; or
(ii) Payable from the general revenues of the Municipal Issuer or other
Municipal Issuers (other than those revenues derived from an agreement or
arrangement with a person who is not a Municipal Issuer that provides for
or secures repayment of the security issued by the Municipal Issuer); or
(iii) Related to a project owned and operated by a Municipal Issuer;
or
(iv) Related to a facility leased to and under the control of an industrial
or commercial enterprise that is part of a public project which, as a whole,
is owned and under the control of a Municipal Issuer.
(8) Demand Feature means:
(i) A feature permitting the holder of a security to sell the security
at an exercise price equal to the approximate amortized cost of the security
plus accrued interest, if any, at the time of exercise. A Demand Feature
must be exercisable either:
(A) At any time on no more than 30 calendar days' notice; or
(B) At specified intervals not exceeding 397 calendar days and upon no
more than 30 calendar days' notice; or
(ii) A feature permitting the holder of an Asset Backed Security unconditionally
to receive principal and interest within 397 calendar days of making demand.
(9) Demand Feature Issued By A Non-Controlled Person means a Demand Feature
issued by:
(i) A person that, directly or indirectly, does not control, and is not
controlled by or under common control with the issuer of the security subject
to the Demand Feature (control means ''control'' as defined in section 2(a)(9)
of the Act (15 U.S.C. 80a-2(a)(9)); or
(ii) A sponsor of a Special Purpose Entity with respect to an Asset Backed
Security.
(10) Eligible Security means:
(i) A Rated Security with a remaining maturity of 397 calendar days or
less that has received a rating from the Requisite NRSROs in one of the
two highest short-term rating categories (within which there may be sub-categories
or gradations indicating relative standing); or
(ii) An Unrated Security that is of comparable quality to a security
meeting the requirements for a Rated Security in paragraph (a)(10)(i) of
this section, as determined by the money market fund's board of directors;
Provided, however, that:
(A) A security that at the time of issuance had a remaining maturity
of more than 397 calendar days but that has a remaining maturity of 397
calendar days or less and that is an Unrated Security is not an Eligible
Security if the security has received a long-term rating from any NRSRO
that is not within the NRSRO's three highest long-term ratings categories
(within which there may be sub-categories or gradations indicating relative
standing), unless the security has received a long-term rating from the
Requisite NRSROs in one of the three highest rating categories;
(B) An Asset Backed Security (other than an Asset Backed Security substantially
all of whose Qualifying Assets consist of obligations of one or more Municipal
Issuers, as that term is defined in paragraph (a)(7) of this section) shall
not be an Eligible Security unless it has received a rating from an NRSRO.
(iii) In addition, in the case of a security that is subject to a Demand
Feature or Guarantee:
(A) The Guarantee has received a rating from an NRSRO or the Guarantee
is issued by a guarantor that has received a rating from an NRSRO with respect
to a class of debt obligations (or any debt obligation within that class)
that is comparable in priority and security to the Guarantee, unless:
(1) The Guarantee is issued by a person that, directly or indirectly,
controls, is controlled by or is under common control with the issuer of
the security subject to the Guarantee (other than a sponsor of a Special
Purpose Entity with respect to an Asset Backed Security);
(2) The security subject to the Guarantee is a repurchase agreement that
is Collateralized Fully; or
(3) The Guarantee is itself a Government Security; and
(B) The issuer of the Demand Feature or Guarantee, or another institution,
has undertaken promptly to notify the holder of the security in the event
the Demand Feature or Guarantee is substituted with another Demand Feature
or Guarantee (if such substitution is permissible under the terms of the
Demand Feature or Guarantee).
(11) Event of Insolvency means ''Event of Insolvency'' as defined in
Sec. 270.5b-3(c)(2).
(12) First Tier Security means any Eligible Security that:
(i) Is a Rated Security that has received a short-term rating from the
Requisite NRSROs in the highest short-term rating category for debt obligations
(within which there may be sub-categories or gradations indicating relative
standing); or
(ii) Is an Unrated Security that is of comparable quality to a security
meeting the requirements for a Rated Security in paragraph (a)(12)(i) of
this section, as determined by the fund's board of directors; or
(iii) Is a security issued by a registered investment company that is
a money market fund; or
(iv) Is a Government Security.
(13) Floating Rate Security means a security the terms of which provide
for the adjustment of its interest rate whenever a specified interest rate
changes and that, at any time until the final maturity of the instrument
or the period remaining until the principal amount can be recovered through
demand, can reasonably be expected to have a market value that approximates
its amortized cost.
(14) Government Security means any ''Government security'' as defined
in section 2(a)(16) of the Act (15 U.S.C. 80a-2(a)(16)).
(15) Guarantee means an unconditional obligation of a person other than
the issuer of the security to undertake to pay, upon presentment by the
holder of the Guarantee (if required), the principal amount of the underlying
security plus accrued interest when due or upon default, or, in the case
of an Unconditional Demand Feature, an obligation that entitles the holder
to receive upon exercise the approximate amortized cost of the underlying
security or securities, plus accrued interest, if any. A Guarantee includes
a letter of credit, financial guaranty (bond) insurance, and an Unconditional
Demand Feature (other than an Unconditional Demand Feature provided by the
issuer of the security).
(16) Guarantee Issued By A Non-Controlled Person means a Guarantee issued
by:
(i) A person that, directly or indirectly, does not control, and is not
controlled by or under common control with the issuer of the security subject
to the Guarantee (control means ''control'' as defined in section 2(a)(9)
of the Act (15 U.S.C. 80a-2(a)(9)); or
(ii) A sponsor of a Special Purpose Entity with respect to an Asset Backed
Security.
(17) NRSRO means any nationally recognized statistical rating organization,
as that term is used in paragraphs (c)(2)(vi)(E), (F) and (H) of Sec. 240.15c3-1
of this Chapter, that is not an ''affiliated person,'' as defined in section
2(a)(3)(C) of the Act (15 U.S.C. 80a-2(a)(3)(C)), of the issuer of, or any
insurer or provider of credit support for, the security.
(18) Penny-Rounding Method of pricing means the method of computing an
investment company's price per share for purposes of distribution, redemption
and repurchase whereby the current net asset value per share is rounded
to the nearest one percent.
(19) Rated Security means a security that meets the requirements of paragraphs
(a)(19)(i) or (ii) of this section, in each case subject to paragraph (a)(19)(iii)
of this section:
(i) The security has received a short-term rating from an NRSRO, or has
been issued by an issuer that has received a short-term rating from an NRSRO
with respect to a class of debt obligations (or any debt obligation within
that class) that is comparable in priority and security with the security;
or
(ii) The security is subject to a Guarantee that has received a short-term
rating from an NRSRO, or a Guarantee issued by a guarantor that has received
a short-term rating from an NRSRO with respect to a class of debt obligations
(or any debt obligation within that class) that is comparable in priority
and security with the Guarantee; but
(iii) A security is not a Rated Security if it is subject to an external
credit support agreement (including an arrangement by which the security
has become a Refunded Security) that was not in effect when the security
was assigned its rating, unless the security has received a short-term rating
reflecting the existence of the credit support agreement as provided in
paragraph (a)(19)(i) of this section, or the credit support agreement with
respect to the security has received a short-term rating as provided in
paragraph (a)(19)(ii) of this section.
(20) Refunded Security means ''Refunded Security'' as defined in Sec.
270.5b-3(c)(4).
(21) Requisite NRSROs means:
(i) Any two NRSROs that have issued a rating with respect to a security
or class of debt obligations of an issuer; or
(ii) If only one NRSRO has issued a rating with respect to such security
or class of debt obligations of an issuer at the time the fund acquires
the security, that NRSRO.
(22) Second Tier Security means any Eligible Security that is not a First
Tier Security. Second Tier Conduit Security means any Conduit Security that
is an Eligible Security that is not a First Tier Security.
(23) Single State Fund means a Tax Exempt Fund that holds itself out
as seeking to maximize the amount of its distributed income that is exempt
from the income taxes or other taxes on investments of a particular state
and, where applicable, subdivisions thereof.
(24) Tax Exempt Fund means any money market fund that holds itself out
as distributing income exempt from regular federal income tax.
(25) Total Assets means, with respect to a money market fund using the
Amortized Cost Method, the total amortized cost of its assets and, with
respect to any other money market fund, the total market-based value of
its assets.
(26) Unconditional Demand Feature means a Demand Feature that by its
terms would be readily exercisable in the event of a default in payment
of principal or interest on the underlying security or securities.
(27) United States Dollar-Denominated means, with reference to a security,
that all principal and interest payments on such security are payable to
security holders in United States dollars under all circumstances and that
the interest rate of, the principal amount to be repaid, and the timing
of payments related to such security do not vary or float with the value
of a foreign currency, the rate of interest payable on foreign currency
borrowings, or with any other interest rate or index expressed in a currency
other than United States dollars.
(28) Unrated Security means a security that is not a Rated Security.
(29) Variable Rate Security means a security the terms of which provide
for the adjustment of its interest rate on set dates (such as the last day
of a month or calendar quarter) and that, upon each adjustment until the
final maturity of the instrument or the period remaining until the principal
amount can be recovered through demand, can reasonably be expected to have
a market value that approximates its amortized cost.
(b) Holding Out and Use of Names and Titles.
(1) It shall be an untrue
statement of material fact within the meaning of section 34(b) of the Act
(15 U.S.C. 80a-33(b)) for a registered investment company, in any registration
statement, application, report, account, record, or other document filed
or transmitted pursuant to the Act, including any advertisement, pamphlet,
circular, form letter, or other sales literature addressed to or intended
for distribution to prospective investors that is required to be filed with
the Commission by section 24(b) of the Act (15 U.S.C. 80a-24(b)), to hold
itself out to investors as a money market fund or the equivalent of a money
market fund, unless such registered investment company meets the conditions
of paragraphs (c)(2), (c)(3) and (c)(4) of this section.
(2) It shall constitute the use of a materially deceptive or misleading
name or title within the meaning of section 35(d) of the Act (15 U.S.C.
80a-34(d)) for a registered investment company to adopt the term ''money
market'' as part of its name or title or the name or title of any redeemable
securities of which it is the issuer, or to adopt a name that suggests that
it is a money market fund or the equivalent of a money market fund, unless
such registered investment company meets the conditions of paragraphs (c)(2),
(c)(3), and (c)(4) of this section.
(3) For purposes of this paragraph, a name that suggests that a registered
investment company is a money market fund or the equivalent thereof shall
include one that uses such terms as ''cash,'' ''liquid,'' ''money,'' ''ready
assets'' or similar terms.
(c) Share Price Calculations. The current price per share, for purposes
of distribution, redemption and repurchase, of any redeemable security issued
by any registered investment company (''money market fund'' or ''fund''),
notwithstanding the requirements of section 2(a)(41) of the Act (15 U.S.C.
80a-2(a)(41)) and of Sec. Sec. 270.2a-4 and 270.22c-1 thereunder, may be
computed by use of the Amortized Cost Method or the Penny-Rounding Method;
Provided, however, that:
(1) Board Findings. The board of directors of the money market fund shall
determine, in good faith, that it is in the best interests of the fund and
its shareholders to maintain a stable net asset value per share or stable
price per share, by virtue of either the Amortized Cost Method or the Penny-Rounding
Method, and that the money market fund will continue to use such method
only so long as the board of directors believes that it fairly reflects
the market-based net asset value per share.
(2) Portfolio Maturity. The money market fund shall maintain a dollar-weighted
average portfolio maturity appropriate to its objective of maintaining a
stable net asset value per share or price per share; Provided, however,
that the money market fund will not:
(i) Except as provided in paragraph (c)(2)(ii) of this section, Acquire
any instrument with a remaining maturity of greater than 397 calendar days;
or
(ii) In the case of a money market fund not using the Amortized Cost
Method, Acquire a Government Security with a remaining maturity of greater
than 762 calendar days; or
(iii) Maintain a dollar-weighted average portfolio maturity that exceeds
ninety days.
(3) Portfolio Quality
(i) General. The money market fund shall limit
its portfolio investments to those United States Dollar-Denominated securities
that the fund's board of directors determines present minimal credit risks
(which determination must be based on factors pertaining to credit quality
in addition to any rating assigned to such securities by an NRSRO) and that
are at the time of Acquisition Eligible Securities.
(ii) Second Tier Securities. Immediately after the Acquisition of any
Second Tier Security:
(A) Taxable Funds. A money market fund that is not a Tax Exempt Fund
shall not have invested more than five percent of its Total Assets in securities
that are Second Tier Securities; and
(B) Tax Exempt Funds. A money market fund that is a Tax Exempt Fund shall
not have invested more than five percent of its Total Assets in Conduit
Securities that are Second Tier Conduit Securities.
(iii) Securities Subject to Guarantees. A security that is subject to
a Guarantee may be determined to be an Eligible Security or a First Tier
Security based solely on whether the Guarantee is an Eligible Security or
First Tier Security, as the case may be.
(iv) Securities Subject to Conditional Demand Features. A security that
is subject to a Conditional Demand Feature (''Underlying Security'') may
be determined to be an Eligible Security or a First Tier Security only if:
(A) The Conditional Demand Feature is an Eligible Security or First Tier
Security, as the case may be;
(B) At the time of the Acquisition of the Underlying Security, the money
market fund's board of directors has determined that there is minimal risk
that the circumstances that would result in the Conditional Demand Feature
not being exercisable will occur; and
(1) The conditions limiting exercise either can be monitored readily
by the fund, or relate to the taxability, under federal, state or local
law, of the interest payments on the security; or
(2) The terms of the Conditional Demand Feature require that the fund
will receive notice of the occurrence of the condition and the opportunity
to exercise the Demand Feature in accordance with its terms; and
(C) The Underlying Security or any Guarantee of such security (or the
debt securities of the issuer of the Underlying Security or Guarantee that
are comparable in priority and security with the Underlying Security or
Guarantee) has received either a short-term rating or a long-term rating,
as the case may be, from the Requisite NRSROs within the NRSROs' two highest
short-term or long-term rating categories (within which there may be sub-categories
or gradations indicating relative standing) or, if unrated, is determined
to be of comparable quality by the money market fund's board of directors
to a security that has received a rating from the Requisite NRSROs within
the NRSROs' two highest short-term or long-term rating categories, as the
case may be.
(4) Portfolio Diversification
(i) Issuer Diversification. The money
market fund shall be diversified with respect to issuers of securities Acquired
by the fund as provided in paragraphs (c)(4)(i) and (c)(4)(ii) of this section,
other than with respect to Government Securities and securities subject
to a Guarantee Issued By A Non-Controlled Person.
(A) Taxable and National Funds. Immediately after the Acquisition of
any security, a money market fund other than a Single State Fund shall not
have invested more than five percent of its Total Assets in securities issued
by the issuer of the security; Provided, however, that such a fund may invest
up to twenty-five percent of its Total Assets in the First Tier Securities
of a single issuer for a period of up to three Business Days after the Acquisition
thereof; Provided, further, that the fund may not invest in the securities
of more than one issuer in accordance with the foregoing proviso in this
paragraph at any time.
(B) Single State Funds. With respect to seventy-five percent of its Total
Assets, immediately after the Acquisition of any security, a Single State
Fund shall not have invested more than five percent of its Total Assets
in securities issued by the issuer of the security; Provided, however, that
a Single State Fund shall not invest more than five percent of its Total
Assets in securities issued by the issuer of the security unless the securities
are First Tier Securities.
(C) Second Tier Securities--
(1) Taxable Funds. Immediately after the
Acquisition of any Second Tier Security, a money market fund that is not
a Tax Exempt Fund shall not have invested more than the greater of one percent
of its Total Assets or one million dollars in securities issued by that
issuer that are Second Tier Securities.
(2) Tax Exempt Funds. Immediately after the Acquisition of any Second
Tier Conduit Security, a money market fund that is a Tax Exempt Fund shall
not have invested more than the greater of one percent of its Total Assets
or one million dollars in securities issued by that issuer that are Second
Tier Conduit Securities.
(ii) Issuer Diversification Calculations. For purposes of making calculations
under paragraph (c)(4)(i) of this section:
(A) Repurchase Agreements. The Acquisition of a repurchase agreement
may be deemed to be an Acquisition of the underlying securities, provided
the obligation of the seller to repurchase the securities from the money
market fund is Collateralized Fully.
(B) Refunded Securities. The Acquisition of a Refunded Security shall
be deemed to be an Acquisition of the escrowed Government Securities.
(C) Conduit Securities. A Conduit Security shall be deemed to be issued
by the person (other than the Municipal Issuer) ultimately responsible for
payments of interest and principal on the security.
(D) Asset Backed Securities
(1) General. An Asset Backed Security Acquired
by a fund (''Primary ABS'') shall be deemed to be issued by the Special
Purpose Entity that issued the Asset Backed Security, Provided, however:
(i) Holdings of Primary ABS. Any person whose obligations constitute
ten percent or more of the principal amount of the Qualifying Assets of
the Primary ABS (''Ten Percent Obligor'') shall be deemed to be an issuer
of the portion of the Primary ABS such obligations represent; and
(ii) Holdings of Secondary ABS. If a Ten Percent Obligor of a Primary
ABS is itself a Special Purpose Entity issuing Asset Backed Securities (''Secondary
ABS''), any Ten Percent Obligor of such Secondary ABS also shall be deemed
to be an issuer of the portion of the Primary ABS that such Ten Percent
Obligor represents.
(2) Restricted Special Purpose Entities. A Ten Percent Obligor with respect
to a Primary or Secondary ABS shall not be deemed to have issued any portion
of the assets of a Primary ABS as provided in paragraph (c)(4)(ii)(D)(1)
of this section if that Ten Percent Obligor is itself a Special Purpose
Entity issuing Asset Backed Securities (''Restricted Special Purpose Entity''),
and the securities that it issues (other than securities issued to a company
that controls, or is controlled by or under common control with, the Restricted
Special Purpose Entity and which is not itself a Special Purpose Entity
issuing Asset Backed Securities) are held by only one other Special Purpose
Entity.
(3) Demand Features and Guarantees. In the case of a Ten Percent Obligor
deemed to be an issuer, the fund shall satisfy the diversification requirements
of paragraph (c)(4)(iii) of this section with respect to any Demand Feature
or Guarantee to which the Ten Percent Obligor's obligations are subject.
(E) Shares of Other Money Market Funds. A money market fund that Acquires
shares issued by another money market fund in an amount that would otherwise
be prohibited by paragraph (c)(4)(i) of this section shall nonetheless be
deemed in compliance with this section if the board of directors of the
Acquiring money market fund reasonably believes that the fund in which it
has invested is in compliance with this section.
(iii) Diversification Rules for Demand Features and Guarantees. The money
market fund shall be diversified with respect to Demand Features and Guarantees
Acquired by the fund as provided in paragraphs (c)(4)(iii) and (c)(4)(iv)
of this section, other than with respect to a Demand Feature issued by the
same institution that issued the underlying security, or with respect to
a Guarantee or Demand Feature that is itself a Government Security.
(A) General. Immediately after the Acquisition of any Demand Feature
or Guarantee or security subject to a Demand Feature or Guarantee, a money
market fund, with respect to seventy-five percent of its Total Assets, shall
not have invested more than ten percent of its Total Assets in securities
issued by or subject to Demand Features or Guarantees from the institution
that issued the Demand Feature or Guarantee, subject to paragraphs (c)(4)(iii)
(B) and (C) of this section.
(B) Second Tier Demand Features or Guarantees. Immediately after the
Acquisition of any Demand Feature or Guarantee (or a security after giving
effect to the Demand Feature or Guarantee) that is a Second Tier Security,
a money market fund shall not have invested more than five percent of its
Total Assets in securities issued by or subject to Demand Features or Guarantees
from the institution that issued the Demand Feature or Guarantee.
(C) Demand Features or Guarantees Issued by Non-Controlled Persons. Immediately
after the Acquisition of any security subject to a Demand Feature or Guarantee,
a money market fund shall not have invested more than ten percent of its
Total Assets in securities issued by, or subject to Demand Features or Guarantees
from the institution that issued the Demand Feature or Guarantee, unless,
with respect to any security subject to Demand Features or Guarantees from
that institution (other than securities issued by such institution), the
Demand Feature or Guarantee is a Demand Feature or Guarantee Issued By A
Non-Controlled Person.
(iv) Demand Feature and Guarantee Diversification Calculations--
(A) Fractional
Demand Features or Guarantees. In the case of a security subject to a Demand
Feature or Guarantee from an institution by which the institution guarantees
a specified portion of the value of the security, the institution shall
be deemed to guarantee the specified portion thereof.
(B) Layered Demand Features or Guarantees. In the case of a security
subject to Demand Features or Guarantees from multiple institutions that
have not limited the extent of their obligations as described in paragraph
(c)(4)(iv)(A) of this section, each institution shall be deemed to have
provided the Demand Feature or Guarantee with respect to the entire principal
amount of the security.
(v) Diversification Safe Harbor. A money market fund that satisfies the
applicable diversification requirements of paragraphs (c)(4) and (c)(5)
of this section shall be deemed to have satisfied the diversification requirements
of section 5(b)(1) of the Act (15 U.S.C. 80a-5(b)(1)) and the rules adopted
thereunder.
(5) Demand Features and Guarantees Not Relied Upon. If the fund's board
of directors has determined that the fund is not relying on a Demand Feature
or Guarantee to determine the quality (pursuant to paragraph (c)(3) of this
section), or maturity (pursuant to paragraph (d) of this section), or liquidity
of a portfolio security, and maintains a record of this determination (pursuant
to paragraphs (c)(9)(ii) and (c)(10)(vi) of this section), then the fund
may disregard such Demand Feature or Guarantee for all purposes of this
section.
(6) Downgrades, Defaults and Other Events
(i) Downgrades
(A) General.
Upon the occurrence of either of the events specified in paragraphs (c)(6)(i)(A)
(1) and (2) of this section with respect to a portfolio security, the board
of directors of the money market fund shall reassess promptly whether such
security continues to present minimal credit risks and shall cause the fund
to take such action as the board of directors determines is in the best
interests of the money market fund and its shareholders:
(1) A portfolio security of a money market fund ceases to be a First
Tier Security (either because it no longer has the highest rating from the
Requisite NRSROs or, in the case of an Unrated Security, the board of directors
of the money market fund determines that it is no longer of comparable quality
to a First Tier Security); and
(2) The money market fund's investment adviser (or any person to whom
the fund's board of directors has delegated portfolio management responsibilities)
becomes aware that any Unrated Security or Second Tier Security held by
the money market fund has, since the security was Acquired by the fund,
been given a rating by any NRSRO below the NRSRO's second highest short-term
rating category.
(B) Securities To Be Disposed Of. The reassessments required by paragraph
(c)(6)(i)(A) of this section shall not be required if, in accordance with
the procedures adopted by the board of directors, the security is disposed
of (or matures) within five Business Days of the specified event and, in
the case of events specified in paragraph (c)(6)(i)(A)(2) of this section,
the board is subsequently notified of the adviser's actions.
(C) Special Rule for Certain Securities Subject to Demand Features. In
the event that after giving effect to a rating downgrade, more than five
percent of the fund's Total Assets are invested in securities issued by
or subject to Demand Features from a single institution that are Second
Tier Securities, the fund shall reduce its investment in securities issued
by or subject to Demand Features from that institution to no more than five
percent of its Total Assets by exercising the Demand Features at the next
succeeding exercise date(s), absent a finding by the board of directors
that disposal of the portfolio security would not be in the best interests
of the money market fund.
(ii) Defaults and Other Events. Upon the occurrence of any of the events
specified in paragraphs (c)(6)(ii)(A) through (D) of this section with respect
to a portfolio security, the money market fund shall dispose of such security
as soon as practicable consistent with achieving an orderly disposition
of the security, by sale, exercise of any Demand Feature or otherwise, absent
a finding by the board of directors that disposal of the portfolio security
would not be in the best interests of the money market fund (which determination
may take into account, among other factors, market conditions that could
affect the orderly disposition of the portfolio security):
(A) The default with respect to a portfolio security (other than an immaterial
default unrelated to the financial condition of the issuer);
(B) A portfolio security ceases to be an Eligible Security;
(C) A portfolio security has been determined to no longer present minimal
credit risks; or
(D) An Event of Insolvency occurs with respect to the issuer of a portfolio
security or the provider of any Demand Feature or Guarantee.
(iii) Notice to the Commission. In the event of a default with respect
to one or more portfolio securities (other than an immaterial default unrelated
to the financial condition of the issuer) or an Event of Insolvency with
respect to the issuer of the security or any Demand Feature or Guarantee
to which it is subject, where immediately before default the securities
(or the securities subject to the Demand Feature or Guarantee) accounted
for \1/2\ of 1 percent or more of a money market fund's Total Assets, the
money market fund shall promptly notify the Commission of such fact and
the actions the money market fund intends to take in response to such situation.
Notification under this paragraph shall be made telephonically, or by means
of a facsimile transmission or electronic mail, followed by letter sent
by first class mail, directed to the attention of the Director of the Division
of Investment Management.
(iv) Defaults for Purposes of Paragraphs (c)(6) (ii) and (iii). For purposes
of paragraphs (c)(6) (ii) and (iii) of this section, an instrument subject
to a Demand Feature or Guarantee shall not be deemed to be in default (and
an Event of Insolvency with respect to the security shall not be deemed
to have occurred) if:
(A) In the case of an instrument subject to a Demand Feature, the Demand
Feature has been exercised and the fund has recovered either the principal
amount or the amortized cost of the instrument, plus accrued interest; or
(B) The provider of the Guarantee is continuing, without protest, to
make payments as due on the instrument.
(7) Required Procedures: Amortized Cost Method. In the case of a money
market fund using the Amortized Cost Method:
(i) General. In supervising the money market fund's operations and delegating
special responsibilities involving portfolio management to the money market
fund's investment adviser, the money market fund's board of directors, as
a particular responsibility within the overall duty of care owed to its
shareholders, shall establish written procedures reasonably designed, taking
into account current market conditions and the money market fund's investment
objectives, to stabilize the money market fund's net asset value per share,
as computed for the purpose of distribution, redemption and repurchase,
at a single value.
(ii) Specific Procedures. Included within the procedures adopted by the
board of directors shall be the following:
(A) Shadow Pricing. Written procedures shall provide:
(1) That the extent of deviation, if any, of the current net asset value
per share calculated using available market quotations (or an appropriate
substitute that reflects current market conditions) from the money market
fund's amortized cost price per share, shall be calculated at such intervals
as the board of directors determines appropriate and reasonable in light
of current market conditions;
(2) For the periodic review by the board of directors of the amount of
the deviation as well as the methods used to calculate the deviation; and
(3) For the maintenance of records of the determination of deviation
and the board's review thereof.
(B) Prompt Consideration of Deviation. In the event such deviation from
the money market fund's amortized cost price per share exceeds \1/2\ of
1 percent, the board of directors shall promptly consider what action, if
any, should be initiated by the board of directors.
(C) Material Dilution or Unfair Results. Where the board of directors
believes the extent of any deviation from the money market fund's amortized
cost price per share may result in material dilution or other unfair results
to investors or existing shareholders, it shall cause the fund to take such
action as it deems appropriate to eliminate or reduce to the extent reasonably
practicable such dilution or unfair results.
(8) Required Procedures: Penny-Rounding Method. In the case of a money
market fund using the Penny-Rounding Method, in supervising the money market
fund's operations and delegating special responsibilities involving portfolio
management to the money market fund's investment adviser, the money market
fund's board of directors undertakes, as a particular responsibility within
the overall duty of care owed to its shareholders, to assure to the extent
reasonably practicable, taking into account current market conditions affecting
the money market fund's investment objectives, that the money market fund's
price per share as computed for the purpose of distribution, redemption
and repurchase, rounded to the nearest one percent, will not deviate from
the single price established by the board of directors.
(9) Specific Procedures: Amortized Cost and Penny-Rounding Methods. Included
within the procedures adopted by the board of directors for money market
funds using either the Amortized Cost or Penny-Rounding Methods shall be
the following:
(i) Securities for Which Maturity is Determined by Reference to Demand
Features. In the case of a security for which maturity is determined by
reference to a Demand Feature, written procedures shall require ongoing
review of the security's continued minimal credit risks, and that review
must be based on, among other things, financial data for the most recent
fiscal year of the issuer of the Demand Feature and, in the case of a security
subject to a Conditional Demand Feature, the issuer of the security whose
financial condition must be monitored under paragraph (c)(3)(iv) of this
section, whether such data is publicly available or provided under the terms
of the security's governing documentation.
(ii) Securities Subject to Demand Features or Guarantees. In the case
of a security subject to one or more Demand Features or Guarantees that
the fund's board of directors has determined that the fund is not relying
on to determine the quality (pursuant to paragraph (c)(3) of this section),
maturity (pursuant to paragraph (d) of this section) or liquidity of the
security subject to the Demand Feature or Guarantee, written procedures
shall require periodic evaluation of such determination.
(iii) Adjustable Rate Securities Without Demand Features. In the case
of a Variable Rate or Floating Rate Security that is not subject to a Demand
Feature and for which maturity is determined pursuant to paragraphs (d)(1),
(d)(2) or (d)(4) of this section, written procedures shall require periodic
review of whether the interest rate formula, upon readjustment of its interest
rate, can reasonably be expected to cause the security to have a market
value that approximates its amortized cost value.
(iv) Asset Backed Securities. In the case of an Asset Backed Security,
written procedures shall require the fund to periodically determine the
number of Ten Percent Obligors (as that term is used in paragraph (c)(4)(ii)(D)
of this section) deemed to be the issuers of all or a portion of the Asset
Backed Security for purposes of paragraph (c)(4)(ii)(D) of this section;
Provided, however, written procedures need not require periodic determinations
with respect to any Asset Backed Security that a fund's board of directors
has determined, at the time of Acquisition, will not have, or is unlikely
to have, Ten Percent Obligors that are deemed to be issuers of all or a
portion of that Asset Backed Security for purposes of paragraph (c)(4)(ii)(D)
of this section, and maintains a record of this determination.
(10) Record Keeping and Reporting
(i) Written Procedures. For a period
of not less than six years following the replacement of such procedures
with new procedures (the first two years in an easily accessible place),
a written copy of the procedures (and any modifications thereto) described
in paragraphs (c)(6) through (c)(9) and (e) of this section shall be maintained
and preserved.
(ii) Board Considerations and Actions. For a period of not less than
six years (the first two years in an easily accessible place) a written
record shall be maintained and preserved of the board of directors' considerations
and actions taken in connection with the discharge of its responsibilities,
as set forth in this section, to be included in the minutes of the board
of directors' meetings.
(iii) Credit Risk Analysis. For a period of not less than three years
from the date that the credit risks of a portfolio security were most recently
reviewed, a written record of the determination that a portfolio security
presents minimal credit risks and the NRSRO ratings (if any) used to determine
the status of the security as an Eligible Security, First Tier Security
or Second Tier Security shall be maintained and preserved in an easily accessible
place.
(iv) Determinations With Respect to Adjustable Rate Securities. For a
period of not less than three years from the date when the determination
was most recently made, a written record shall be preserved and maintained,
in an easily accessible place, of the determination required by paragraph
(c)(9)(iii) of this section (that a Variable Rate or Floating Rate Security
that is not subject to a Demand Feature and for which maturity is determined
pursuant to paragraphs (d)(1), (d)(2) or (d)(4) of this section can reasonably
be expected, upon readjustment of its interest rate at all times during
the life of the instrument, to have a market value that approximates its
amortized cost).
(v) Determinations with Respect to Asset Backed Securities. For a period
of not less than three years from the date when the determination was most
recently made, a written record shall be preserved and maintained, in an
easily accessible place, of the determinations required by paragraph (c)(9)(iv)
of this section (the number of Ten Percent Obligors (as that term is used
in paragraph (c)(4)(ii)(D) of this section) deemed to be the issuers of
all or a portion of the Asset Backed Security for purposes of paragraph
(c)(4)(ii)(D) of this section). The written record shall include:
(A) The identities of the Ten Percent Obligors (as that term is used
in paragraph (c)(4)(ii)(D) of this section), the percentage of the Qualifying
Assets constituted by the securities of each Ten Percent Obligor and the
percentage of the fund's Total Assets that are invested in securities of
each Ten Percent Obligor; and
(B) Any determination that an Asset Backed Security will not have, or
is unlikely to have, Ten Percent Obligors deemed to be issuers of all or
a portion of that Asset Backed Security for purposes of paragraph (c)(4)(ii)(D)
of this section.
(vi) Evaluations with Respect to Securities Subject to Demand Features
or Guarantees. For a period of not less than three years from the date when
the evaluation was most recently made, a written record shall be preserved
and maintained, in an easily accessible place, of the evaluation required
by paragraph (c)(9)(ii) (regarding securities subject to one or more Demand
Features or Guarantees) of this section.
(vii) Inspection of Records. The documents preserved pursuant to this
paragraph (c)(10) shall be subject to inspection by the Commission in accordance
with section 31(b) of the Act (15 U.S.C. 80a-30(b)) as if such documents
were records required to be maintained pursuant to rules adopted under section
31(a) of the Act (15 U.S.C. 80a-30(a)). If any action was taken under paragraphs
(c)(6)(ii) (with respect to defaulted securities and events of insolvency)
or (c)(7)(ii) (with respect to a deviation from the fund's share price of
more than 1/2 of 1 percent) of this section, the money market fund will
file an exhibit to the Form N-SAR (17 CFR 274.101) filed for the period
in which the action was taken describing with specificity the nature and
circumstances of such action. The money market fund will report in an exhibit
to such Form any securities it holds on the final day of the reporting period
that are not Eligible Securities.
(d) Maturity of Portfolio Securities. For purposes of this section, the
maturity of a portfolio security shall be deemed to be the period remaining
(calculated from the trade date or such other date on which the fund's interest
in the security is subject to market action) until the date on which, in
accordance with the terms of the security, the principal amount must unconditionally
be paid, or in the case of a security called for redemption, the date on
which the redemption payment must be made, except as provided in paragraphs
(d)(1) through (d)(8) of this section:
(1) Adjustable Rate Government Securities. A Government Security that
is a Variable Rate Security where the variable rate of interest is readjusted
no less frequently than every 762 calendar days shall be deemed to have
a maturity equal to the period remaining until the next readjustment of
the interest rate. A Government Security that is a Floating Rate Security
shall be deemed to have a remaining maturity of one day.
(2) Short-Term Variable Rate Securities. A Variable Rate Security, the
principal amount of which, in accordance with the terms of the security,
must unconditionally be paid in 397 calendar days or less shall be deemed
to have a maturity equal to the earlier of the period remaining until the
next readjustment of the interest rate or the period remaining until the
principal amount can be recovered through demand.
(3) Long-Term Variable Rate Securities. A Variable Rate Security, the
principal amount of which is scheduled to be paid in more than 397 calendar
days, that is subject to a Demand Feature, shall be deemed to have a maturity
equal to the longer of the period remaining until the next readjustment
of the interest rate or the period remaining until the principal amount
can be recovered through demand.
(4) Short-Term Floating Rate Securities. A Floating Rate Security, the
principal amount of which, in accordance with the terms of the security,
must unconditionally be paid in 397 calendar days or less shall be deemed
to have a maturity of one day.
(5) Long-Term Floating Rate Securities. A Floating Rate Security, the
principal amount of which is scheduled to be paid in more than 397 calendar
days, that is subject to a Demand Feature, shall be deemed to have a maturity
equal to the period remaining until the principal amount can be recovered
through demand.
(6) Repurchase Agreements. A repurchase agreement shall be deemed to
have a maturity equal to the period remaining until the date on which the
repurchase of the underlying securities is scheduled to occur, or, where
the agreement is subject to demand, the notice period applicable to a demand
for the repurchase of the securities.
(7) Portfolio Lending Agreements. A portfolio lending agreement shall
be treated as having a maturity equal to the period remaining until the
date on which the loaned securities are scheduled to be returned, or where
the agreement is subject to demand, the notice period applicable to a demand
for the return of the loaned securities.
(8) Money Market Fund Securities. An investment in a money market fund
shall be treated as having a maturity equal to the period of time within
which the Acquired money market fund is required to make payment upon redemption,
unless the Acquired money market fund has agreed in writing to provide redemption
proceeds to the investing money market fund within a shorter time period,
in which case the maturity of such investment shall be deemed to be the
shorter period.
(e) Delegation. The money market fund's board of directors may delegate
to the fund's investment adviser or officers the responsibility to make
any determination required to be made by the board of directors under this
section (other than the determinations required by paragraphs (c)(1) (board
findings); (c)(6)(i)(C) (rule for certain securities subject to second tier
Demand Features); (c)(6)(ii) (defaults and other events); (c)(7)(i) (general
required procedures: Amortized Cost Method); (c)(7)(ii)(A) (shadow pricing),
(B) (prompt consideration of deviation), and (C) (material dilution or unfair
results); and (c)(8) (required procedures: Penny Rounding Method) of this
section) provided:
(1) Written Guidelines. The Board shall establish and periodically review
written guidelines (including guidelines for determining whether securities
present minimal credit risks as required in paragraph (c)(3) of this section)
and procedures under which the delegate makes such determinations:
(2) Oversight. The Board shall take any measures reasonably necessary
(through periodic reviews of fund investments and the delegate's procedures
in connection with investment decisions and prompt review of the adviser's
actions in the event of the default of a security or Event of Insolvency
with respect to the issuer of the security or any Guarantee to which it
is subject that requires notification of the Commission under paragraph
(c)(6)(iii) of this section) to assure that the guidelines and procedures
are being followed.
Regulatory History
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| 62 FR 64978, Dec. 9, 1997, as amended at 66 FR
36161, July 11, 2001 |
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