Company Name: Northrop Grumman Corp.
Public Availability Date: February 14, 2008
Document Sections:INQUIRY LETTER
INQUIRY LETTER
INQUIRY LETTER
APPENDIX
INQUIRY LETTER
STAFF REPLY LETTER
[INQUIRY LETTER]
February 14, 2008
VIA FACSIMILE
(202) 772-9201
Mr. Wil Hines
Division of Corporation Finance
U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission
100 F Street, NE
Washington, DC 20549
Re: Shareholder Proposal Submitted by Lucian Bebchuk for Inclusion in Northrop
Grumman Corporation's 2008 Proxy Statement
Dear Mr. Hines:
Attached is a letter received today from Lucian Bebchuk stating that he is
withdrawing his shareholder proposal for inclusion in Northrop Grumman
Corporation's 2008 Proxy Statement. Therefore, Northrop Grumman withdraws its
request to the Securities and Exchange Commission for a No-Action Letter.
Sincerely yours,
/s/
Stephen D. Yslas
Enclosure
cc: Lucian Bebchuk
Fax: (617) 812-0554
[INQUIRY LETTER]
February 6, 2008
VIA OVERNIGHT MAIL AND FACSIMILE
Securites and Exchange Commission
Division of Corporation Finance
Office of Chief Counsel
100 F Street, N.E.
Washington, DC 20549
Re: Shareholder Proposal Submitted by Lucian Bebchuk for Inclusion in Northrop
Grumman Corporation's 2007 Proxy Statement
Ladies and Gentlemen,
This letter is submitted on behalf of our client, Lucian Bebchuk ("Bebchuk") in
connection with the shareholder proposal which Bebchuk submitted to Northrop
Grumman Corporation ("Northrop" or the Company") for inclusion in the Company's
2008 Proxy Statement (the "Proposal"),
We have received a letter dated January 17, 2008 from Northrop Grumman to the
Staff of the Division of Corporation Finance (the "Staff") of the U.S.
Securities and Exchange Commission (the "Commission") requesting the Staff's
concurrence that it will not commence enforcement if the Company excludes the
Proposal from its 2008 Proxy Statement (the "No-Action Request"). Please be
advised that we intend to submit a response to the No-Action Request, which we
will provide to the Commission no later than Friday, February 15, 2008.
Please contact me in the event that you require our response before the
above-specified date or if the proposed timing of our response is otherwise
unacceptable.
Sincerely,
/s/
Michael J. Barry
cc: Stephen D. Yslas (via fax)
[INQUIRY LETTER]
November 29, 2007
VIA TELECOPY AND VIA OVERNIGHT MAIL
John H. Mullan
Corporate Secretary
Northrop Grumman Corporation
1840 Century Park East
Los Angeles, CA 90067
Re: Shareholder Proposal of Lucian Bebchuk
Dear Mr. Mullan:
I am the owner of 50 shares of common stock of Northrop Grumman Corporation (the
"Company"), which I have continuously held for more than 1 year as of today's
date. I intend to continue to hold these securities through the date of the
Company's 2008 annual meeting of shareholders.
Pursuant to Rule 14a-8, I enclose herewith a shareholder proposal and supporting
statement (the "Proposal") for inclusion in the Company's proxy materials and
for presentation to a vote of shareholders at the Company's 2008 annual meeting
of shareholders.
Please let me know if you would like to discuss the Proposal or if you have any
questions.
Sincerely,
/s/
Lucian Bebchuk
[APPENDIX]
It is hereby RESOLVED that pursuant to Section 109 of the Delaware General
Corporation Law, 8 Del. C. 109, and Section 8.04 of Article VIII of the
Corporation's Bylaws, the Corporation's Bylaws are hereby amended by adding a
new Section 6.07 to Article VI as follows:
Section 6.07. Stockholder Rights Plans.
(a) Notwithstanding anything in these Bylaws to the contrary, the amendment of
any Stockholder Rights Plan which has the effect of extending the term of the
Stockholder Rights Plan or any rights or options provided thereunder shall
require the approval of three quarters of the members of the Board of Directors,
and any Stockholder Rights Plan adopted after the effective date of this Section
shall expire if not so amended no later than one year following the later of the
date of its adoption and the date of its last such amendment.
(b) Paragraph (a) of this Section shall not apply to any Stockholder Rights Plan
ratified by the stockholders.
(c) "Stockholder Rights Plan" refers in this Section to any stockholder rights
plan, rights agreement or any other form of "poison pill" which is designed to
or has the effect of making an acquisition of large holdings of the
corporation's shares of, stock more difficult or expensive.
(d) Nothing in this by-law should be construed to permit or validate any
decision by the Board of Directors to adopt or amend a Stockholder Rights Plan
that would be otherwise prohibited or invalid.
This Bylaw amendment shall be effective immediately and automatically as of the
date it is approved by the vote of stockholders in accordance with Section 8.04
of Article VIII of the Corporation's Bylaws.
SUPPORTING STATEMENT:
Statement of Professor Lucian Bebchuk: I believe that it is undesirable for a
poison pill not ratified by the stockholders to remain in place indefinitely
without periodic determinations by the Board that maintaining the pill continues
to be advisable. I also believe that a Board should not extend the life of a
poison pill beyond one year without stockholder ratification when a significant
fraction of the directors do not support such an extension.
The proposed Bylaw would not preclude the Board from maintaining a poison pill
not ratified by the stockholders for as long as the Board deems necessary
consistent with the exercise of its fiduciary duties. The proposed Bylaw would
ensure that the Board not do so without considering, within one year following
the last decision to adopt or extend the poison pill, whether continuing to
maintain the poison pill is desirable. The proposed Bylaw would also ensure that
the Board not adopt or extend a poison pill if less than 75% of the directors
support doing so. The proposed Bylaw would not place limits on the use of poison
pills ratified by the stockholders, and it would not permit or validate any
decisions to adopt or extend poison pills that would otherwise be prohibited or
invalid.
I urge you to vote "yes" to support the adoption of this proposal.
[INQUIRY LETTER]
January 17, 2008
Office of Chief Counsel
Division of Corporation Finance
U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission
100 F Street, N.E.
Washington, D.C. 20549
RE: Northrop Grumman Corporation - Omission of the Shareholder Proposal of
Lucian Bebchuk Pursuant to Rule 14a-8
Ladies and Gentlemen:
Northrop Grumman Corporation, a Delaware corporation (the "Company"), has
received a stockholder proposal (the "Proposal") from Lucian Bebchuk (the
"Proponent"). The Proposal is attached hereto as Exhibit A. The purpose of this
letter is to advise the Staff of the Division of Corporation Finance (the
"Staff") of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "Commission") that the
Company intends to exclude the Proposal from the definitive proxy materials (the
"Proxy Materials") for the 2008 Annual Meeting of Stockholders. The Company
intends to file the Proxy Materials with the Commission and mail such materials
to the Company's stockholders no earlier than 80 days after the date of this
letter. In accordance with Rule 14a-8(j), by copy of this letter, the Company
has notified Mr. Bebchuk of the Company's intention to omit the Proposal from
the Proxy Materials. The Company has also enclosed six copies of this letter and
the exhibits hereto.
I. Summary
The Proposal, attached hereto as Exhibit A, asks the stockholders of the Company
to amend the Bylaws of the Company (the "Bylaws") to adopt a new section
specifying that "the amendment of any Stockholder Rights Plan which has the
effect of extending the term of the Stockholder Rights Plan or any rights or
options provided thereunder shall require the approval of three quarters of the
members of the Board of Directors, and any Stockholder Rights Plan adopted after
the effective date of this Section shall expire if not so amended no later than
one year following the later of the date of its adoption and the date of its
last such amendment." The preceding provision would apply to every "Stockholder
Rights Plan" adopted by the Company unless it is "ratified" by the stockholders.
A "Stockholder Rights Plan" is defined as "any stockholder rights plan, rights
agreement or any other form of `poison pill' which is designed to or has the
effect of making an acquisition of large holdings of the corporation's shares of
stock more difficult or expensive."
The Company believes the Proposal may be omitted:
Pursuant to Rule 14a-8(i)(2), because it would cause the Company to violate
the laws of Delaware, which is the Company's jurisdiction of incorporation;
Pursuant to Rule 14a-8(i)(1), because it is not a proper subject for action by
the Company stockholders under Delaware law; and
Pursuant to Rule 14a-8(i)(3), because the Proposal is materially false and
misleading as well as vague and indefinite.
The opinion of the Delaware law firm, Morris, Nichols, Arsht & Tunnell LLP,
attached hereto as Exhibit B, sets forth a detailed analysis of the relevant
Delaware law, and states the opinion that (i) the Proposal would cause the
Company to violate Delaware law, if adopted by the Company stockholders, (ii)
the Proposal is not a proper subject for action by the Company stockholders
under Delaware law and (iii) in the Proponent's supporting statement, he
misstates what the effect of the Proposal would be if it were adopted by the
stockholders.
II. The Proposal May be Omitted Because, if Adopted by the Company's
Shareholders, it Would Violate Delaware Law.
Rule 14a-8(i)(2) permits an issuer to omit a shareholder proposal from its proxy
materials where it would, "if implemented, cause the company to violate any
state, federal, or foreign law to which it is subject." The Proposal, if
adopted, would cause the Company to violate Delaware law in three separate
respects.
(A) Article SEVENTH of the Company's certificate of incorporation, a copy of
which is attached as Exhibit C hereto (the "Certificate"), specifies that "[t]he
business and affairs of the ... [Company] shall be managed by and under the
direction of the Board of Directors." The Proposal asks the Company's
shareholders to amend the Bylaws in a way that will circumscribe the board's
authority with respect to a potentially broad category of "poison pills," that
are "designed to or [have] ... the effect of making an acquisition of large
holdings of the corporation's shares more difficult or expensive." Delaware
courts have interpreted language in Section 141(a) of the Delaware General
Corporation Law (the "DGCL") that is nearly identical to language in the
Certificate to mean that the types of actions encompassed in the definition of a
Stockholder Rights Plan are under the purview of the Board's power to manage the
Company. To restrict director power in the manner envisioned by the Proposal is
therefore a serious encroachment upon the managerial authority vested in the
Board by the Certificate. The Proponent's bylaw is inconsistent with the
Certificate and would therefore be invalid if adopted in light of Section 109(b)
of the DGCL (which states that the bylaws may contain any provision "not
inconsistent with law or with the certificate of incorporation").
The Company notes that the Staff has employed Rule 14a-8(i)(2) (and its
predecessor provision) as a basis for not recommending enforcement action where
a proposal is excluded because it urges the adoption of a bylaw that is contrary
to the certificate of incorporation. See AlliedSignal, Inc., SEC No-Action
Letter, 1999 WL 44511 (Jan. 29, 1999) (declining to recommend enforcement action
regarding omission of a proposed bylaw that would require a simple majority vote
in order for stockholders to take action on all matters because such bylaw would
conflict with the provisions in the certificate of incorporation and the DGCL
that require a greater vote on certain actions); Weirton Steel Corporation, SEC
No-Action Letter, 1995 WL 107126 (Mar. 14, 1995), and affirmed, 1995 WL 150685
(Apr. 3, 1995) (declining to recommend enforcement action regarding omission of
a proposal asking stockholders to amend the bylaws to allow stockholders to fill
director vacancies because the certificate of incorporation provided that only
directors could fill such vacancies); Radiation Care, Inc., SEC No-Action
Letter, 1994 WL 714997 (Dec. 22, 1994) (declining to recommend enforcement
action regarding omission of a proposed bylaw that was of "questionable
validity" because it specified, contrary to a provision in the certificate of
incorporation, that such bylaw could be amended only by stockholders).1 Because
the Proposal clearly contradicts the Certificate, it should likewise be omitted
from the Proxy Materials pursuant to Rule 14a-8(i)(2).
(B) Because the Proposal purports to require either annual renewal by the Board
or stockholder ratification of a Stockholder Rights Plan, the adoption of the
Proposal would cause the Company to violate Section 141(a) of the DGCL. Under
the Proposal's extremely broad definition of "Stockholder Rights Plan," the
Board might arguably be required to seek either shareholder ratification or
annual Board renewal of any significant contract which might have the incidental
effect of making a takeover of the Company "more difficult or expensive." This
could include credit agreements, indentures, and employment agreements and other
contracts with standard "change of control" provisions, which arguably fall
under the broad purview of the proposed bylaw. As a practical matter, it is
unclear from a commercial point of view how certain of these agreements could be
made subject to shareholder approval or annual Board renewal. Clearly, this
would be a very significant restriction on the Board's managerial authority.
Under Section 141(a) of the DGCL, a board's managerial authority cannot be
restricted unless the company's certificate of incorporation provides for such
limitation. Because the Certificate contains no restriction that contemplates
the limitations contained in the Proposal, adoption of the Proposal would cause
the Company to violate Delaware law.
(C) The Proposal would also violate Delaware law because it seeks to interfere
with the Board's exclusive power to fix the duration of a right to buy stock in
the Company if it constitutes a "Stockholder Rights Plan." In the absence of a
provision in the Certificate to the contrary, Section 157 of the DGCL vests the
power of fixing the terms of rights to buy stock exclusively in the Board.
Because the Certificate contains no such provision, adopting the Proposal would
cause the Company to violate Section 157 by impermissibly allowing the
stockholders to limit to a one-year duration those "Stockholder Rights Plans"
that are not ratified by the stockholders or renewed annually by the Board.
III. The Proposal May be Omitted Because it is Not a Proper Subject for Action
by Shareholders Under the Law of Delaware.
Rule 14a-8(i)(1) permits a company to exclude a proposal if it "is not a proper
subject for action by shareholders under the laws of the jurisdiction of the
company's organization." The Commission has further stated that "proposals that
are binding on the company face a much greater likelihood of being improper
under state law and, therefore, excludable under rule 14a-8(i)(1)." SEC Staff
Legal Bulletin No. 14 (CF) (2001). The Proposal is not merely a recommendation,
but an attempt to limit the Board's power to enter into certain multi-year
contracts which might have the incidental effect of making a takeover of the
Company "more difficult or expensive." The Board is entrusted with the
responsibility of managing the affairs of the Company in a way that will enhance
the Company's long-term viability. By injecting into the Board's decision-making
process an entirely new set of considerations, notably whether shareholder
ratification or annual Board renewal is a feasible requirement for such
contracts, the Proposal would infringe on the Board's authority in an entirely
impermissible manner if it were adopted by stockholders. Novell, Inc. SEC
No-Action Letter (Feb. 14, 2000) (declining to recommend enforcement action for
omission of proposed bylaws that would have forbidden the adoption of
stockholder rights plans unless they "[had] previously been approved by holders
of a majority of outstanding shares of stock" and that would have required the
mandatory redemption of any existing stockholder rights plan). Because adoption
of the Proposal would seriously impinge upon the discretion and authority of the
Board, it is also excludable pursuant to Rule 14a-8(i)(1).
IV. The Proposal May be Omitted Because its Supporting Statement is Materially
Misleading as well as Vague and Indefinite.
Rule 14a-8(i)(3) permits an issuer to omit a shareholder proposal from its proxy
materials where "the proposal, or supporting statement is contrary to any of the
Commission's proxy rules, including Rule 14a-9, which prohibits materially false
or misleading statements in proxy soliciting materials." In recent years the
Staff has clarified the grounds for exclusion under Rule 14a-8(i)(3) and noted
that proposals may be excluded where "the company demonstrates objectively that
a factual statement is materially false and misleading." SEC Staff Legal
Bulletin No. 14B (CF) (2004). In keeping with this standard, it should be noted
that the Proposal's supporting statement asserts that adoption of the proposal
would "ensure" that the Board could not "adopt or extend a poison pill if less
than 75% of the directors support doing so." This assertion is incorrect. The
proposed bylaw actually only imposes a 75% director vote for an "amendment" to a
Stockholder Rights Plan that extends its term. The proposed bylaw does not speak
to the initial adoption of a Stockholder Rights Plan by the Board. The quoted
language from the supporting statement is further inaccurate because, as the
opinion set forth in Exhibit B notes, a majority of the Board could repeal the
Proponent's bylaw and thereafter extend the term of a Stockholder Rights Plan
without the promised 75% support. As a consequence of these misstatements, even
if the Proposal were valid, the supporting statement suggests to shareholders
that adopting the Proposal would effect a very different kind of change on the
Company than would actually be the case. As such, it violates Rule 14a-9's
prohibition against proxy soliciting materials that are "false and misleading
with respect to any material fact," and is thereby excludable under Rule
14a-8(i)(3).
The Proposal's supporting statement purports to guarantee the Company's
shareholders that, if a rights plan is "ratified" by the stockholders, the bylaw
would "ensure" that the Board cannot extend a rights plan for more than a year
unless the Board reconsiders its decision to maintain the plan on an annual
basis. This description would only be accurate if the validity of the bylaw
under Delaware law were clear. But as the Proponent should know from having
litigated this very issue before the Delaware Chancery Court two years ago, the
status of his proposed one-year limitation on rights plans is very uncertain.
See Bebchuk v. CA, Inc., 902 A.2d 737, 742 (Del. Ch. 2006) ("[T]he legal issue
in this case is fraught with tension and ... any number of facts which might
arise in the future could determine ... the court's analysis of this particular
bylaw's validity."). It is the opinion of the Delaware law firm Morris, Nichols,
Arsht & Tunnell LLP, that the proposed bylaw is invalid under Delaware law.2 But
so long as the legal status of the bylaw is uncertain, it cannot be accurate
that the Proposal would "ensure" that the Board cannot extend a rights plan for
more than a year without annual reconsideration. This is an additional reason
why the Proposal is excludable under Rule 14a-8(i)(3) for being materially
misleading.
With respect to the grounds for exclusion under Rule 14a-8(i)(3), the Commission
has also stated that proposals may be excluded where "the resolution contained
in the proposal is so inherently vague or indefinite that neither the
stockholders voting on the proposal, nor the company in implementing the
proposal (if adopted), would be able to determine with any reasonable certainty
exactly what actions or measures the proposal requires." SEC Staff Legal
Bulletin No. 14B (CF) (2004). The Proposal, when read in conjunction with its
supporting statement, gives rise to a serious ambiguity. The Proposal requires
75% Board approval for any "amendment which has the effect of extending the term
of the Stockholder Rights Plan" (emphasis added). As to any new Stockholder
Rights Plan adopted after the effective date of the bylaw, it would expire "if
not so amended no later than one year following the later of the date of its
adoption and the date of its last such amendment." But would a newly enacted
stockholder rights plan need approval by 75% of the Board? Under the plain
language of the Proposal, a new plan would not need such approval. But this
plain language is in actual conflict with the Proposal's supporting statement:
"The proposed Bylaw would also ensure that the Board not adopt or extend a
poison pill if less than 75% of the directors support doing so" (emphasis
added). It is not at all clear that this is what the Proposal would actually
accomplish - nowhere does the Proposal require special 75% Board approval for
new stockholder rights plans. This disconnect between the Proposal and its
supporting statement is objectionably vague as well as extremely misleading.
Even leaving aside these uncertainties, the Proposal is also unclear as to the
change it seeks to effect. It requests that the Board impose a requirement of
75% Board support for any "poison pill" that would have "the effect of making an
acquisition of large holdings of the corporation's shares of stock more
difficult or expensive." As explained above, this expansive definition of
"poison pill" might capture a multitude of ordinary business agreements,
including many long-term credit agreements, indenture or employment agreements
into which the Company may need to enter. Leaving aside the fact that it would
be tremendously impracticable to require shareholder ratification or annual
Board renewal of such agreements, it is impossible to determine the breadth of
the Proposal as it could reach any contract that constitutes what the Proponent
loosely defines as a "poison pill." The use of the ambiguous term "poison pill"
is meant by the Proposal to clarify what the Proponent means by the phrase
"Stockholder Rights Plan," a term that itself is understood to have its own
discrete meaning.3 The reader of the Proposal and its supporting statement is
therefore faced with conflicting definitions - the result being that it is
unclear exactly what a vote for the Proposal would support. The Commission has
found that a proposal may be excluded for vagueness where "the standards under
the proposal may be subject to differing interpretations." Hershey Foods Corp.
SEC No-Action Letter (Dec. 27, 1988). In interpreting the predecessor to Rule
14a-8(i)(3), the United States District Court for the Southern District of New
York made clear that "[s]hareholders are entitled to know precisely the breadth
of the proposal on which they are asked to vote." New York City Employees' Ret.
Sys. v. Brunswick Corp., 789 F. Supp. 144, 146 (S.D.N.Y. 1992); see also Int'l
Bus. Machines Corp. SEC No-Action Letter, 2005 SEC No-Act. LEXIS 139 (Feb. 2,
2005).
This concern for the shareholders is to say nothing of the uncertainty
surrounding the legal duties of the Board in implementing the proposal were it
to be adopted. The Commission has also found exclusion to be warranted where
"any action(s) ultimately taken by the Company upon implementation of th[e]
proposal could be significantly different from the action(s) envisioned by the
shareholders voting on the proposal." Occidental Petroleum Corp. SEC No-Action
Letter (Feb. 11, 1991); see also Jos. Schlitz Brewing Co. SEC No-Action Letter
(Mar. 21, 1977) ("any resultant action by the Company would have to be made
without guidance from the proposal and, consequently, in possible contravention
of the intentions of the shareholders who voted on the proposal"). For these
reasons, the proposal is objectionably vague and indefinite and may be excluded
pursuant to Rule 14a-8(i)(3).
V. The Proponent Should not be Permitted to Revise the Proposal.
Although we recognize that the Staff will, on occasion, permit proponents to
revise their proposals to correct problems that are "minor in nature and do not
alter the substance of the proposal," 4 the Company asks the Staff to decline to
grant the Proponent an opportunity to return to the drawing board to correct the
serious flaws in the Proposal.
The Proponent had ample time to draft a resolution that complies with the proxy
rules before the 120-day deadline set forth in Rule 14a-8(e) expired. Indeed,
the Proponent could have done so with minimal additional effort by describing
his Proposal accurately in the supporting statement. As the Commission has
noted, "no-action requests regarding proposals or supporting statements that
have obvious deficiencies in terms of accuracy, clarity or relevance" are "not
beneficial to all participants in the process and diverts resources away from
analyzing core issues arising under rule 14a-8 that are matters of interest to
companies and shareholders alike." Staff Bulletin 14, supra. The Company asks
that the Staff take into account the fact that the Proposal has been drafted by
a very sophisticated proponent. Indeed, Mr. Bebchuk is a professor at Harvard
Law School and should be held responsible for the deficiencies in the Proposal
and supporting statement. Neither the Company nor the Staff should be forced to
serve as copy editor for the Proponent. Because the Proposal would require
extensive revisions in order to comply with Rule 14a-8, the Company requests
that the Staff agree that the Proposal should be omitted from the Proxy
Materials entirely.
VI. Conclusion
For the foregoing reasons, the Company respectfully requests that the Staff
confirm that it would not recommend enforcement action if the Company omits the
Proposal from the Proxy Materials. If you have any questions, or if the Staff is
unable to concur with the Company's conclusions without additional information
or discussions, the Company respectfully requests the opportunity to confer with
members of the Staff prior to the issuance of any written response to this
letter. Please do not hesitate to contact the undersigned at 310-201-1630.
Respectfully submitted,
/s/
Stephen D. Yslas
Corporate Vice President, Secretary and General Counsel
-----FOOTNOTES-----
1 The Company recognizes that, in 2005 and 2001, the Staff denied Alaska Air
Group, Inc. and Lucent Technologies Inc., respectively, no-action relief on
proposals to adopt bylaws that, counsel argued, would, among other things,
violate Delaware law because the proposed bylaws were inconsistent with the
certificate of incorporation. Alaska Air Group, Inc., SEC No-Action Letter, 2005
WL 678894 (Mar. 17, 2005); Lucent Technologies Inc., SEC No-Action Letter, 2001
WL 1381607 (Nov. 6, 2001). It should be noted, however, that these no-action
requests do not appear to have been supported by opinions from members of the
Delaware bar. In contrast, the Company's request is supported by an opinion
prepared by members of the Delaware bar who are licensed, and actively practice,
in Delaware. Accordingly, the Company believes that the Staff should grant it
no-action relief in accordance with the authority cited above (see AlliedSignal,
Inc., Weirton Steel Corporation and Radiation Care, Inc., supra) rather than
deny such relief on the basis of the Alaska Air Group, Inc. and Lucent
Technologies Inc. no-action letters. See Division of Corporation Finance: Staff
Legal Bulletin No. 14 (July 31, 2001) (noting that, in assessing how much weight
to afford an opinion of counsel, the Staff considers whether counsel is licensed
to practice in the jurisdiction whose law is at issue in the opinion).
2 See Opinion of Morris, Nichols, Arsht & Tunnell LLP, attached as Exhibit B,
Part IV.
3 See opinion of the Delaware law firm, Morris, Nichols, Arsht & Tunnell LLP, p.
3, n.2 (defining the term "stock rights plan" to mean "a corporate instrument
that effectively dilutes the economic and voting interest of a would-be acquiror
who buys a threshold amount of stock (typically 15% or 20% of the outstanding
stock) without prior board approval").
4 See SEC Staff Legal Bulletin No. 14B (CF) (2004).
[STAFF REPLY LETTER]
February 14, 2008
Stephen D. Yslas
Corporate Vice President, Secretary and
Deputy General Counsel
Northrop Grumman Corporation
1840 Century Park East
Los Angeles, CA 90067-2199
Re: Northrop Grumman Corporation
Dear Mr. Yslas:
This is in regard to your letter dated February 14, 2008 concerning the
shareholder proposal submitted by Lucian Bebchuk for inclusion in Northrop
Grumman's proxy materials for its upcoming annual meeting of security holders.
Your letter indicates that the proponent has withdrawn the proposal, and that
Northrop Grumman therefore withdraws its request for a no-action letter from the
Division. Because the matter is now moot, we will have no further comment.
Sincerely,
/s/
Heather L. Maples
Special Counsel
cc: Lucian Bebchuk
1545 Massachusetts Avenue
Cambridge, MA 02138
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