Company Name: Coca-Cola Co.
Public Availability Date: January 9, 2008
Document Sections:
INQUIRY LETTER
INQUIRY LETTER
INQUIRY LETTER
STAFF REPLY LETTER
[INQUIRY LETTER]
December 14, 2007
BY HAND DELIVERY
U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission
Division of Corporation Finance
Office of Chief Counsel
100 F Street, N.E.
Washington, D.C. 20549
Re: The Coca-Cola Company - Shareholder Proposals Submitted by Alice de V. Perry
and Northstar Asset Management
Ladies and Gentlemen:
We are writing on behalf of The Coca-Cola Company (the "Company") pursuant to
Rule 14a-8(j) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 to notify the Commission
of the Company's intention to exclude from its proxy materials for its 2008
annual meeting of shareowners two shareholder proposals (each a "Proposal" and
together, the "Proposals") received from Alice Perry and Northstar Asset
Management ("Northstar") (each a "Proponent" and together, the "Proponents").
Ms. Perry's Proposal was received by the Company on November 7, 2007 and
Northstar's Proposal was received by the Company on November 9, 2007. The
Proposals are identical. We also request confirmation that the staff will not
recommend to the Commission that enforcement action be taken if the Company
excludes the Proposals from its 2008 proxy materials in reliance on Rule
14a-8(i)(7) and Rule 14a-8(i)(3) under the Exchange Act.
A copy of each Proposal and the accompanying supporting statements, together
with related correspondence received from Ms. Perry and Northstar, are attached
as Exhibits 1 and 2, respectively.
In accordance with Rule 14a-8(j), we have enclosed six copies of this letter,
including the exhibits. Copies of this letter also are being provided
simultaneously to the Proponents.
The Company currently intends to file definitive copies of its proxy materials
with the Commission on or about March 3, 2008.
The Proposal
The Proposals request that the Company's shareowners approve the following
resolution:
"BE IT RESOLVED: Shareholders request that the Board adopt a policy of annually
publishing a report on chemical and biological testing data for Coca-Cola's
beverage products. The report shall contain the following information:
The cumulative results of independent laboratory tests of its product quality
against the applicable national laws and against the global quality standards
that Coca-Cola has established;
In cases where individual tests exceed contaminants permitted under national
regulations or Coca-Cola's internal quality standards, an explanation shall be
provided that includes the corrective action taken;
The report shall be prepared at reasonable expense and may omit proprietary
information or disclosures prohibited by national law. The company shall make
consumers aware of the availability of these reports and how to access this
information."
Rule 14a-8(i)(7): Ordinary Business Operations
Rule 14a-8(i)(7) permits the exclusion of a shareholder proposal that "deals
with a matter relating to the company's ordinary business operations." According
to the Commission's release accompanying the 1998 amendments to Rule 14a-8, the
underlying policy of the ordinary business exclusion is "to confine the
resolution of ordinary business problems to management and the board of
directors, since it is impracticable for shareholders to decide how to solve
such problems at an annual meeting." Release No. 34-40018 (May 21, 1998) (the
"1998 Release").
The Commission's 1998 release established two "central considerations"
underlying the ordinary business exclusion. The first is that "certain tasks are
so fundamental to management's ability to run a company on a day-to-day basis
that they could not, as a practical matter, be subject to direct shareholder
oversight." The second is that a proposal should not "seek[] to `micro-manage'
the company by probing too deeply into matters of a complex nature upon which
shareholders, as a group, would not be in a position to make an informed
judgment."
A shareholder proposal that calls on the board of directors to issue a report to
shareholders is excludable under Rule 14a-8(i)(7) as relating to an ordinary
business matter if the subject matter of the report relates to the company's
ordinary business operations. See Release No. 34-20091 (August 16, 1983).
Accordingly, the Commission has consistently permitted the exclusion of
shareholder proposals that request the issuance of a report where the subject
matter of the requested report relates to an ordinary business matter. See ACE
Limited (March 19, 2007) (allowing exclusion of a shareholder proposal
requesting a report relating to the company's strategy and actions related to
climate change); Pfizer Inc. (January 13, 2006) (allowing exclusion of a
shareholder proposal requesting a report on the risks of liability arising from
the distribution of certain of the company's products); and Bear Stearns
Companies Inc. (February 14, 2007)(allowing exclusion of proposal requesting a
"Sarbanes-Oxley Right-to-Know" report).
As discussed below, the staff has previously concluded that a shareholder
proposal relates to "ordinary business operations," and thus is properly
excluded from a company's proxy materials pursuant to Rule 14a-8(i)(7), where
the proposal (i) relates to compliance with federal and state laws governing the
subject matter of the proposal, or (ii) involves an assessment of the internal
risks and liabilities the company faces as a result of its operations.
Compliance with Federal and State Laws Involves Ordinary Business Operations
The Proposals request that the Company publish an annual report containing,
among other things, the cumulative results of independent laboratory tests of
its product quality against "applicable national laws" and, where the tests
exceed contaminants permitted under "national regulations," an explanation of
the corrective action taken by the Company. Consistent with staff precedent, the
Company believes that the Proposals may be excluded under Rule 14a-8(i)(7)
because compliance with "applicable national laws" and "national regulations,"
or the federal and state laws governing the subject matter of the Proposals
(i.e., the Company's legal compliance program), is a fundamental component of
the day-to-day operations of the Company.
The staff has consistently permitted companies to exclude shareholder proposals
that relate to compliance with state and federal laws and regulations. See,
e.g., Ford Motor Company (March 19, 2007) (allowing exclusion of a proposal
requesting the appointment of an independent legal advisory commission to
investigate "Security Law" violations associated with company's Value
Enhancement Program); Bear Stearns Companies Inc. (February 14, 2007) (allowing
exclusion of a proposal requesting a report assessing the costs and benefits of
the company's compliance with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and the impact of the Act
on the company's operations); Hormel Foods Corporation (November 19, 2002)
(allowing exclusion of a proposal requesting a report on the standards for the
use of antibiotics by meat suppliers because such activities are regulated by
federal, state and local regulations in the food safety area); and Willamette
Industries, Inc. (March 20, 2001) (allowing exclusion of a proposal that
requested a report on the company's environmental compliance program). In Bear
Stearns, the staff's response specifically noted that the proposal required an
assessment of the company's "legal compliance program," which is an element of
ordinary business operations.
The Company's beverage products, and the chemical and biological testing that
must be performed on those products, are subject to extensive multi-national,
federal, state and local laws and regulations, including, without limitation,
those of the U.S. Food & Drug Administration ("FDA") and the Environmental
Protection Agency ("EPA"). The supporting statement accompanying the Proposals
specifically acknowledges that the Company's bottled water in the United States
is regulated by the FDA, and notes that the EPA requires extensive testing of
tap water sources. In addition, the Company has established its own internal
quality management system, which is benchmarked against internationally
recognized requirements for quality and environmental standards by the Societe
Generale de Surveillance-International Certification Services and Lloyd's
Register Quality Assurance. A copy of the relevant portion of the Company's 2006
Corporate Responsibility Review is attached to this letter as Exhibit 3. For
more detailed information on the Company's product quality review process,
including The Coca-Cola Quality System - Evolution 3 (the third iteration)(TCCQS),
see the following website: http://www.thecoca-colacompany.com/citizenship/quality.html.
While the Proposals do not specifically mention the word "compliance," at their
core, the Proposals seek to compel the Company to retain an independent
laboratory to test the Company's beverage products for compliance with the laws
governing their composition and quality and to issue a report on the extent to
which any product fails to satisfy legal requirements. The Company's design,
manufacture and testing of its beverage products to comply with the myriad of
multi-national, federal, state and local laws applicable to the Company fall
squarely fall within the Company's day-to-day ordinary business operations.
Moreover, given the numerous multi-national, federal, state and local laws that
apply to the Company's beverage products, the Proposals request information
relating to matters that can not, as a practical matter, be subject to direct
shareholder oversight.
Further, the Proposals would require the report to include an explanation
regarding the "corrective action" taken where individual product tests show that
a product contains contaminants exceeding levels permitted under national
regulations or the Company's internal quality standards. On these highly
regulated and complex matters, it is doubtful the average Company shareowner
will be in a position to evaluate whether corrective action was appropriate, or
whether any corrective action taken was sufficient. Because the Proposals seek
to `micro-manage' the Company by probing too deeply into matters of a complex
nature upon which the Company's shareowners, as a group, would not be in a
position to make an informed judgment, the Proposals may be excluded under Rule
14a-8(i)(7).
Assessment of Internal Risks Involves Ordinary Business Operations
The Proposals also may be excluded under Rule 14a-8(i)(7) because they seek an
internal assessment of the risks or liabilities that the Company faces as a
result of its operations. In Staff Legal Bulletin No. 14C (June 28, 2005), the
staff provided clarification regarding the application of Rule 14a-8(i)(7),
stating that "[t]o the extent that a proposal and supporting statement focus on
the company engaging in an internal assessment of the risks or liabilities that
the company faces as a result of its operations ... we concur with the company's
view that there is a basis for it to exclude the proposal under rule 14a-8(i)(7)
as relating to an evaluation of risk." On the other hand, in SLB No. 14C, the
staff stated "[t]o the extent that a proposal and supporting statement focus on
the company minimizing or eliminating operations that may adversely affect the
environment or the public's health, we do not concur with the company's view
that there is a basis for it to exclude the proposal under rule 14a-8(i)(7)."
The staff has excluded similar shareholder proposals that have requested reports
on ordinary business operations even when the proposals could be viewed as
touching upon a "socially significant issue." See, e.g., Family Dollar Stores,
Inc. (November 6, 2007) (allowing exclusion of a proposal that requested a
report evaluating the company's policies and procedures for minimizing
customers' exposure to toxic substances and hazardous components in its marketed
products); Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. (March 24, 2006)(allowing exclusion of a
proposal seeking a report on the company's policies and procedures for
minimizing customer exposure to toxic substances in products); and Walgreen Co.
(available October 13, 2006)(allowing exclusion of a proposal requesting a
report that would characterize the levels of dangerous chemicals in the
company's products and describe options for new ways to improve the safety of
the company's products).
The Proposals clearly do not request that the Company "minimize" or "eliminate"
any of its operations that may impact the public's health or the environment.
Similar to Family Dollar Stores, Wal-Mart and Walgreen, the underlying subject
matter of the Proposals is the Company's chemical and biological testing of its
various beverage products for compliance with applicable laws. The Proposals do
not, therefore, fall within the public health and environment "significant
policy" exception to exclusion under Rule 14a-8(i)(7).
On the contrary, the supporting statements focus on minimizing future
liabilities (i.e., "millions of dollars in lost sales"), protecting brand
reputation and avoiding risk to the Company's leadership position in the
industry. In effect, therefore, the Proposals ask the Company to engage in, and
report on, an assessment of the legal compliance risks related to its beverage
products.
Rule 14a-8(i)(3): False or Misleading Statements
Rule 14a-8(i)(3) permits an issuer to omit a shareholder proposal and the
related supporting statement from its proxy materials if such proposal or
supporting statement "is contrary to the proxy rules, including Rule 14a-9,
which prohibits materially false or misleading statements in proxy materials."
In Staff Legal Bulletin No. 14B (September 15, 2004), the staff stated exclusion
under Rule 14a-8(i)(3) may be appropriate where "the resolution in the proposal
is so inherently vague or indefinite that neither the stockholders voting on the
proposal, nor the company in implementing the proposal (if adopted), would be
able to determine with any reasonable certainty exactly what actions or measures
the proposal requires."
In Berkshire Hathaway Inc. (March 2, 2007), the staff permitted the company to
exclude as vague and indefinite a proposal seeking to restrict the company from
investing in securities of any foreign corporation that engages in activities
prohibited for U.S. corporations by Executive Order of the President of the
United States. There, the company successfully argued that shareholders would
not be fully informed as to the potential scope of the proposal as the number of
prohibited investments could be indefinite.
Likewise, the Company's shareowners would be unable to fully grasp the scope of
the Proposals. The Proposals ask the Company to report on "the results of
independent laboratory tests of its product quality against the applicable
national laws" (emphasis added) and in cases where "individual tests exceed
contaminants permitted under national regulations or Coca-Cola's internal
quality standards, an explanation shall be provided that includes the corrective
action taken" (emphasis added). As discussed above, the Company is a
multi-national organization with operations in more than 200 countries.
Accordingly, the terms "applicable national laws" and "national regulations"
have a scope not readily apparent to the Company's shareowners.
In addition, the Proposals are vague and indefinite because, if adopted, the
Company would not be able to determine with any reasonable certainty exactly
what actions or measures the Proposals require. The Proposals seek a report on
"chemical and biological testing data" but do not define the scope of the
chemical and biological tests. As discussed above, the regulations and
requirements relating to beverage product testing are extensive and a report on
such matters could be exceptionally lengthy. Furthermore, the Proposals provide
that the report "shall be prepared at reasonable expense and may omit
proprietary information or disclosures prohibited by national law." If the
Company were to limit any such report to "reasonable expense," it would likely
have to curtail the levels of testing that may be undertaken, which may result
in a report covering chemical or biological substances that are different from
the chemical or biological substances the Proponents and the Company's
shareowners may have anticipated.
These questions and concerns demonstrate that the Proposals are sufficiently
vague and indefinite to warrant exclusion. The ambiguous references to
"applicable national laws" and "national regulations" would preclude the
Company's shareowners from making an informed decision regarding the Proposals.
In addition, the Company would not be able to determine with any reasonable
certainty what actions or measures the Proposals require. Thus, the Proposals
may be excluded pursuant to Rule 14a-8(i)(3).
Conclusion
For the reasons set forth above, it is our view that the Company may exclude the
Proposals from its proxy materials under Rule 14a-8(i)(7) and Rule 14a-8(i)(3),
and we request confirmation that the staff will not recommend any enforcement
action to the Commission if the Company so excludes the Proposals.
When a written response to this letter becomes available, please fax the letter
to me at (202) 637-5910. Should the staff have any questions in the meantime,
please feel free to call me at (202) 637-5737..
Sincerely,
/s/
Alan L. Dye
cc: Alice Perry
Northstar Asset Management
Carol C. Hayes
Mark E. Preisinger
Anita J. Kamenz
Enclosures
[INQUIRY LETTER]
247 Saint Ronan St.
New Haven, CT 06511
November 7, 2007
Ms. Carol Crofoot Hayes
Associate General Counsel & Secretary
The Coca-Cola Company
P.O. Box 1734
Atlanta, GA 30301
VIA EMAIL
Dear Ms. Hayes,
As a long-time shareholder of Coca-Cola, I am concerned about the repeated
safety problems with our company's beverages and their effect on Coca-Cola's
valued reputation.
Therefore as the beneficial owner of 328 shares of Coca-Cola common stock, I
hereby submit the attached shareholder proposal for inclusion in the next proxy
statement and consideration at the 2008 shareholder meeting in accordance with
Rule 14a-8 of the general rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange
Act of 1934. I have held these shares for more than one year and intend to hold
the stock until at least the next annual meeting. Proof of ownership will be
provided to you by a separate email from Howard Cowan of Fiduciary Trust,
Boston.
The resolution asks the Board of Directors to adopt a policy of reporting on the
chemical and biological testing done on our company's beverage products. In
filing this proposal, we are acting as co-filers of the identical proposal filed
by NorthStar Asset Management, Inc. Please copy all correspondence pertaining to
this proposal to: Mark Hays, Corporate Accountability International, 46 Plympton
St., Boston, MA 02118, who is assisting me with this proposal. If the Company is
willing to meet the requests made in this proposal I would be pleased to
withdraw it.
Respectfully,
Alice Perry
CONFIDENTIALITY NOTICE
This message (including any attachments) contains information that may be
confidential. Unless you are the intended recipient (or authorized to receive
for the intended recipient), you may not read, print, retain, use, copy,
distribute or disclose to anyone the message or any information contained in the
message. If you have received the message in error, please advise the sender by
reply e-mail, and destroy all copies of the original message (including any
attachments).
[INQUIRY LETTER]
November 9, 2007
Ms. Carol Crofoot Hayes
Associate General Counsel & Secretary
The Coca-Cola Company
P.O. Box 1734
Atlanta, GA 30301
VIA EMAIL
Dear Ms. Hayes,
As a long-time shareholder of Coca-Cola, we are concerned about the repeated
safety problems with our company's beverages and their effect on Coca-Cola's
valued reputation.
Therefore as the beneficial owner of 2400 shares of Coca-Cola common stock,
NorthStar Asset Management, Inc. hereby submits the attached shareholder
proposal for inclusion in the next proxy statement and consideration at the 2008
shareholder meeting in accordance with Rule 14a-8 of the general rules and
regulations of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934. We have held these
shares for more than one year and intend to hold the stock until at least the
next annual meeting. Proof of ownership is attached.
The resolution asks the Board of Directors to adopt a policy of reporting on the
chemical and biological testing done on our company's beverage products. In
filing this proposal, we are acting as the primary filer. We expect others to
join us as co-filers in this effort.
Please copy all correspondence pertaining to this proposal to: Mark Hays,
Corporate Accountability International, 46 Plympton St., Boston, MA 02118, who
is assisting us with this proposal. If the Company is willing to meet the
requests made in this proposal we would be pleased to withdraw it.
Respectfully,
Julie N.W. Goodridge,
President & CEO
Margaret J. Covert
Shareholder Activism Coordinator
NorthStar Asset Management, Inc.
PO Box 301840
Boston, MA 02130
617-522-2635
www.northstarasset.com
CONFIDENTIALITY NOTICE
This message (including any attachments) contains information that may be
confidential. Unless you are the intended recipient (or authorized to receive
for the intended recipient), you may not read, print, retain, use, copy,
distribute or disclose to anyone the message or any information contained in the
message. If you have received the message in error, please advise the sender by
reply e-mail, and destroy all copies of the original message (including any
attachments).
Disclosure of Beverage Product Safety Testing Information
WHEREAS:
Coca-Cola's continued reluctance to respond to shifting consumer expectations
regarding disclosure of product information puts at risk its leadership position
within the industry;
In July 2007, in response to public demand, Pepsi raised the bar for
disclosure by announcing it will add the words "Public Water Source" to its
Aquafina brand labels, making clear that Aquafina uses municipal water as its
source;
In October 2007, California Governor Schwarzenegger signed a law requiring
beverage companies in California to provide consumers with reports on chemical
and biological contaminants in bottled water products;
In recent years, Coca-Cola and its shareholders have suffered millions of
dollars in lost sales, and damage to our corporation's reputation as a result of
questions about the safety of its beverage products, especially bottled water;
In 2004, just weeks after launching Dasani bottled water in Great Britain,
Coke recalled half a million bottles of Dasani containing illegal levels of
bromate, which entered the water during the bottling process;
In August 2006, seven states in India banned Coke products after the Centre
for Science and the Environment found (for the second time in three years)
widespread pesticide contamination in Coke's products exceeding allowable
limits;
Coke defends itself by claiming uniform product quality standards around the
world, yet refuses to release the data that would allow safety-conscious
consumers to verify this claim;
Coca-Cola's bottled water in the United States is regulated by the Food and Drug
Administration (FDA), which requires that bacteria be tested for weekly, but
does not require that the results of the testing be publicly disclosed;
Americans' preferred beveragetap wateris regulated by the Environmental
Protection Agency (EPA), which requires large water systems to test for bacteria
at least 100 times a month;
The EPA requires public water system operators to publish and distribute
annual reports listing the water source of the system, the treatment processes
used, the cumulative range of all of the tests conducted during the year and
explanations of any tests that exceeded allowable limits and any corrective
action taken;
A 2003 Gallup poll found that 94% of Americans agreed that receiving
information on possible contaminants in their tap water was important.
BE IT RESOLVED:
Shareholders request that the Board adopt a policy of annually publishing a
report on chemical and biological testing data for Coca-Cola's beverage
products. The report shall contain the following information:
The cumulative results of independent laboratory tests of its product quality
against the applicable national laws and against the global quality standards
that Coca-Cola has established;
In cases where individual tests exceed contaminants permitted under national
regulations or Coca-Cola's internal quality standards, an explanation shall be
provided that includes the corrective action taken;
The report shall be prepared at reasonable expense and may omit proprietary
information or disclosures prohibited by national law. The company shall make
consumers aware of the availability of these reports and how to access this
information.
[STAFF REPLY LETTER]
January 9, 2008
Response of the Office of Chief Counsel Division of Corporation Finance
Re: The Coca-Cola Company Incoming letter dated December 14, 2007
The proposals request that the board adopt a policy of annually publishing a
report on chemical and biological testing data for Coca-Cola's beverage products
that contains the results of independent laboratory tests of Coca-Cola's product
quality as measured against applicable national laws and Coca-Cola's global
quality standards and an explanation of corrective action taken when such tests
exceed contaminants permitted under national regulations or Coca-Cola's internal
quality standards.
There appears to be some basis for your view that Coca-Cola may exclude the
proposals under rule 14a-8(i)(7), as relating to Coca-Cola's ordinary business
operations (i.e., general conduct of a legal compliance program). Accordingly,
we will not recommend enforcement action to the Commission if Coca-Cola omits
the proposals from its proxy materials in reliance on rule 14a-8(i)(7). In
reaching this position, we have not found it necessary to address the
alternative basis for omission upon which Coca-Cola relies.
Sincerely,
/s/
Peggy Kim
Attorney-Adviser
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