Company Name: Blockbuster
Public Availability Date: March 12, 2007
Document Sections:
INQUIRY LETTER
INQUIRY LETTER
APPENDIX
INQUIRY LETTER
APPENDIX
INQUIRY LETTER
APPENDIX
INQUIRY LETTER
INQUIRY LETTER
STAFF REPLY LETTER
[INQUIRY LETTER]
January 12, 2007
By Federal Express
Securities and Exchange Commission
Division of Corporation Finance
Office of Chief Counsel
100 F Street, NE
Washington, DC 20549
Re: Blockbuster Inc. Stockholder Proposals Submitted by the
Comptroller of the City of New York, William C. Thompson Jr., each dated December 13, 2006
Ladies and Gentleman:
On behalf of our client Blockbuster Inc., a Delaware corporation
(the "Company"), we are submitting this letter pursuant to Rule 14a-8(j) of Regulation 14A promulgated under the Securities
and Exchange Act of 1934 (each rule promulgated thereunder, a "Proxy Rule"), to request respectfully that the
Staff of the Division of Corporation Finance of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "Staff") concur with the Company's
view that, for the reasons stated below, each of the stockholder proposals submitted by the Comptroller of the City
of New York, William C. Thompson Jr. (the "Proponent") on December 13, 2006 (i) regarding the executive officer
compensation advisory resolution (including the supporting statement contained therein, the "Compensation Resolution
Proposal") and (ii) regarding the declassification of the board of directors of the Company (including the supporting statement
contained therein, the "Declassified Board Proposal" and, together with the Compensation Resolution Proposal, the
"Proposals") may properly be omitted from the proxy materials (the "Proxy Materials") to be distributed by the Company in
connection with its 2007 annual meeting of stockholders (the "2007 Annual Meeting").
The Company intends to file its definitive Proxy Materials for
the 2007 Annual Meeting on or about April 2, 2007. Pursuant to Proxy Rule 14a-8(j)(2), enclosed herewith are six copies of
each of (i) this letter, (ii) a letter dated December 13, 2006, from the Proponent, including the Compensation Resolution
Proposal, attached hereto as Exhibit A, (iii) a letter dated December 13, 2006, from the Proponent, including the
Declassified Board Proposal, attached hereto as Exhibit B, and (iv) a letter dated December 26, 2006, from the Company to the
Proponent (the "Defect Notice"), attached hereto as Exhibit C. In accordance with Proxy Rule 14a-8(j), a copy of this
submission is being sent simultaneously to the Proponent.
I. The Proposals.
On or about December 13, 2006, the Company received the
Proposals for inclusion in its Proxy Materials. The resolution portion of the Compensation Resolution Proposal states:
RESOLVED, that shareholders of Blockbuster Inc. ("Blockbuster")
urge the board of directors to adopt a policy that Blockbuster shareholders be given the opportunity at each annual
meeting of shareholders to vote on an advisory resolution, to be proposed by Blockbuster's management, to
ratify the compensation of the named executive officers ("NEO's") set forth in the proxy statement's Summary
Compensation Table (the "SCT") and the accompanying narrative disclosure of material factors provided to understand the SCT
(but not the Compensation Discussion and Analysis). The proposal submitted to shareholders should make clear that the
vote is non-binding and would not affect any compensation paid or awarded to any NEO.
The resolution portion of the Declassified Board Proposal
states:
BE IT RESOLVED, that the stockholders of Blockbuster, Inc.
request that the Board of Directors take the necessary steps to declassify the Board of Directors and establish annual
elections of directors, whereby directors would be elected annually and not by classes. This policy would take effect
immediately, and be applicable to the re-election of any incumbent director whose term, under the current classified
system, subsequently expires.
For the reasons set forth below, the Company believes that the
Proposals may be excluded because the Proposals violate the procedural limitations set forth in Proxy Rules
14a-8(c) and 14a-8(d) and consequently may be excluded from the Proxy Materials pursuant to Proxy Rule 14a-8(f). In
addition, the Company believes that the Compensation Resolution Proposal may be excluded because the Compensation Resolution
Proposal deals with the ordinary business operations of the Company and consequently may be excluded from the Proxy
Materials pursuant to Proxy Rule 14a-8(i)(7).
Alternatively, if the Staff does not concur with the Company
that the Proposals may be excluded from the Proxy Materials, then the Company believes that certain portions of the Proposals
may be omitted because they are materially false and misleading and consequently may be omitted from the Proxy
Materials pursuant to Proxy Rule 14a-8(i)(3).
II. The Company May Exclude the Proposals Under Proxy Rule
14a-8(f) Because They Do Not Comply With Proxy
Rules 14a-8(c) and 14a-8(d).
Proxy Rule 14a-8(f) permits the Company to exclude stockholder
proposals that do not follow eligibility or procedural requirements contained in Proxy Rules 14a-8(a) through 14a-8(d)
if the Company timely notifies the proponent of a problem and the proponent fails to remedy the problem within the
prescribed period of time. Proxy Rule 14a-8(c) allows a stockholder to submit "no more than one proposal to a company
for a particular stockholder meeting." Proxy Rule 14a-8(d) does not permit a stockholder proposal to exceed 500 words.
The Proponent has submitted the Compensation Resolution Proposal
on behalf of the board of trustees of the New York City Employee's Retirement System, a stockholder of the Company,
and the Proponent has submitted the Declassified Board Proposal on behalf of the boards of trustees of each of
the New York City Teachers' Retirement System, the New York City Police Pension Fund, and the New York City Board of
Education Retirement System, each a stockholder of the Company (each of the aforementioned stockholders, a
"Stockholder"). According to the Proponent's Proposals, the Proponent is the "custodian" for each Stockholder and a trustee
of each Stockholder (except the New York City Board of Education Retirement System (the "ERS")). Further, both
Proposals are submitted under identical letterhead, and both submitting letters are signed by the same person.
Under traditional securities law analysis for beneficial
ownership of securities, Rule 13d-3(a) of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934 (the "Exchange Act") provides that a
beneficial owner:
includes any person who, directly or indirectly, through any
contract, arrangement, understanding, relationship, or other
has or shares:
1. Voting power which includes the power to vote, or to direct
the voting of, such security; and/or
2. Investment power which includes the power to dispose, or to
direct the disposition of, such security. The Company believes that the Proponent's status as a custodian
and trustee (except for the ERS) qualifies the Proponent as a single beneficial owner of the securities held by
each Stockholder. The Company believes the common letterhead and signature are further evidence that there is a
single originating proponent for the Proposals. Therefore, in this instance, the Proponent has submitted two proposals, in
violation of Proxy Rule 14a-8(c), or alternatively, if the Proposals are taken together, the Proponent has submitted one
proposal, which exceeds 500 words in violation of Proxy Rule 14a-8(d). The Company timely provided the Proponent with
the Defect Notice and because the Proponent has not remedied the problem, the Company believes that it may exclude
the Proposals under Proxy Rule 14a-8(f).
III. The Company May Exclude the Compensation Resolution
Proposal Pursuant to Rule 14a-8(i)(7) Because the
Compensation Resolution Proposal Concerns the Ordinary Business
Operations of the Company.
Proxy Rule 14a-8(i)(7) allows a company to exclude from its
proxy materials a stockholder proposal and any statement in support thereof "[i]f the proposal deals with a matter relating
to the company's ordinary business operations." In Release No. 34-40018 (May 21, 1998), the Securities Exchange Commission
(the "Commission") explained the ordinary business exclusion rests on two central considerations, which are (i) the
subject matter of the proposal and (ii) the degree to which the proposal seeks to `micro manage' the company.1 The Commission further explained in Release
No. 34-40018 that "certain tasks are so fundamental to management's ability to run
a company ... that they could not ... be subject to direct shareholder oversight" and that it would be appropriate to
exclude proposals that seek to probe into matters that are so complex in nature that "shareholders, as a group, would not be
in a position to make an informed judgment." 2
In fact, both state law and the Company's organizational
documents confer and delegate to the board of directors of the Company (the "Board") the power and authority to make the
decisions that are the subject of the Compensation Resolution Proposal. That is, it appears that the intent of the
Advisory Board Proposal is to provide the stockholders with the ability to approve or directly influence the compensation of
the named executive officers (the "NEOs") set forth in the proxy statement's Summary Compensation Table (the "SCT") and the
accompanying narrative disclosure of material factors to understand the SCT (the "SCT Narrative"). The Company
is a Delaware corporation, and under the Delaware General Corporation Law (the "DGCL") the Board has the authority
to conduct the ordinary business of the corporation. Pursuant to Section 141(a) of the DGCL, "[t]he business and
affairs of every corporation organized under [the DGCL] shall be managed by or under the direction of a board of directors,
except as may be otherwise provided in [the DGCL] or in its certificate of incorporation." Further, Section 122(5) of the
DGCL empowers each corporation to "[a]ppoint such officers and agents as the business of the corporation requires and to
pay or otherwise provide for them suitable compensation."
The Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of
the Company (the "Charter") provides that "the directors are hereby empowered to exercise all such powers and
do all such acts and things as may be exercised or done by the corporation, subject, nevertheless, to the laws of
Delaware, this Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, and any bylaws adopted by the stockholders."
Specifically, the Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Company (the "Bylaws") provides in Section 3.01 (General Powers
of Board) that "[t]he powers of the corporation shall be exercised, its business and affairs conducted, and its property
controlled by or under the direction of the board of directors, except as otherwise provided under the laws of
Delaware or in the certificate of incorporation." The Company notes that the stockholders of the Company have previously
approved and ratified the Charter and the Bylaws (and the provisions contained therein) conferring this authority to the
Board. Allowing the Proponent additional ability to approve authorized decisions of the Board would diminish the meaning of
the prior ratification of the Charter and Bylaws.
Moreover, in evaluating and approving the compensation of the
NEO's and the SCT Narrative, the Board (or the Board's designee, the Compensation Committee, as the case may be,
collectively referred to for the purposes of this paragraph as the "Board") must consider a number of factors, including the
NEO's experience, the NEO's industry experience, the competition and availability of similarly talented and
experienced executives in the marketplace, the potential competition in the marketplace for the services of each NEO, and the
potential cost in replacing each NEO should an NEO decide to leave the Company. These factors, and others, must be carefully
considered and weighed in order to properly compensate each NEO and provide the Company with the best
opportunity to retain each NEO. Thus, the Board considers far more information in discharging its
responsibilities regarding the compensation of the NEOs and providing the SCT Narrative than can be presented to the general
stockholder population. The complexity and the breadth of information the Board is required to take into account and
evaluate in connection with its decisions regarding the NEOs' compensation renders this business decision precisely the type
of "matters of complex nature upon which shareholders, as a group, would not be in a position to make an informed
judgment" and which the ordinary business rule under Proxy Rule 14a-8(i)(7) is intended to exclude.3
The Staff has consistently concurred with issuers' desire to
exclude stockholder ratification resolutions involving similarly complex business decisions that have been conferred upon the
Board. For instance, the Staff has consistently concurred that it is appropriate to exclude under Proxy Rule 14a-8(i)(7)
stockholder proposals involving the ratification of an issuer's selection of its independent auditor.4
The Company notes that the Staff has previously published
guidance on the inclusion of stockholder proposals related to executive compensation plans.5 However, the subject matter of the
Compensation Resolution Proposal is distinct from the Staff's prior guidance in that the Compensation Resolution
Proposal relates to specific individual compensation of NEOs (in cash and equity under a compensation plan or plans
previously approved by the stockholders) as opposed to a compensation plan that has the potential to dilute the
stockholders ownership interest.
Finally, neither current federal law nor the rules of the New
York Stock Exchange governing listed companies (the "NYSE Rules") provides for the forum proposed by the Compensation
Resolution Proposal and the Company believes that it is unclear whether the Commission has the rule making authority to
impose such a forum on the Company. Therefore, the Company believes that it would be improper for the Staff to
allow the Proponent to subterfuge federal law and the NYSE Rules by requiring inclusion of the Compensation Resolution
Proposal through Proxy Rule 14a-8.
IV. Alternatively, Certain Statements in the Proposals May Be
Omitted Under Proxy Rule 14a-8(i)(3) Because They Are Materially False and Misleading.
Alternatively, if the Staff does not concur that the Proposals
may be excluded from the Proxy Materials, the Company believes that certain statements in the Proposals may be
omitted. Supporting statements in a stockholder proposal may be omitted under Proxy Rule 14a-8(i)(3) if the statements are
contrary to any of the proxy rules, including Proxy Rule 14a-9, which prohibits false and misleading statements of material
fact in proxy soliciting materials. Under Proxy Rule 14a-9, false and misleading statements of material fact include
statements that impugn character, integrity or personal reputation, or directly or indirectly make charges concerning
improper, illegal or immoral conduct or associations, without factual support.6 The Staff has further clarified that Proxy
Rule 14(a)(i)(3) may be relied upon to omit portions of a stockholder proposal where "the company demonstrates objectively
that a factual statement is materially false or misleading" or "substantial portions of the supporting statement
are irrelevant to a consideration of the subject matter of the proposal."
7
A. The Compensation Resolution Proposal
The Proponent's supporting statement portion of the Compensation
Resolution Proposal (the "CRP Supporting Statement") includes the following statements that we believe
violate Proxy Rule 14a-9:
1. The Use of the Word "mushrooming" in First Sentence of
Paragraph One of the CRP Supporting Statement. The use of the word "mushrooming" is false and misleading and
implies that the executive compensation of all companies, including the Company, has increased
disproportionately and exponentially. The use of this word indirectly makes charges against the Company concerning improper executive
compensation without any factual foundation.
2. The Second Sentence of Paragraph One of the CRP Supporting
Statement: Additionally, recent media attention to questionable dating of stock options grants by companies has
raised investor concerns. This sentence is false and misleading and implies that improper
dating of stock options is widespread and as a result indirectly makes charges against the Company concerning improper
executive compensation without any factual foundation. Further, this sentence is irrelevant to the
Proponent's stated goal of providing a forum for stockholders to comment on the compensation of the NEOs.
3. The Second Sentence of Paragraph Four of the CRP Supporting
Statement: Shareholders do not have any mechanism for providing ongoing feedback on the application of those
general standards to individual pay packages.
This sentence is false and misleading. The Company has made a
concerted effort to receive stockholder concerns and has a dedicated investor relations hotline. The investor
relations portion of the Company's web site contains contact information so that stockholders may vet their concerns on an
ongoing basis. Furthermore, as disclosed on page 8 of the Company's definitive proxy statement filed on Form 14A on April
19, 2006 for the 2006 annual stockholders meeting, the Board has adopted clear methods for stockholders to communicate
with the Company's non-management directors as a group, the entire Board or individual directors, including the
chairman of the Board and the chair of any Board committee. In addition, the Company notes that stockholders have the
ability to provide feedback through the election of directors.
B. Declassified Board Proposal
The Company believes that the Proponent's use of the phrase "New
York City Pension Funds" in the heading above the resolution is false and misleading. The Proponent is the
custodian for four Stockholders and does not purport to be the custodian for the entirety of the pension funds related to New
York City. Therefore, the use of this phrase is false. In addition, the use of this phrase is misleading to stockholders
because at a minimum, it suggests that the Proponent represents the ideas of the entirety of the pension funds
related to New York City. Taken in a light least favorable to the Proponent, this phrase may mislead the stockholders because the
Proponent is purporting to represent the views of pension funds that are not stockholders of the Company and are
ineligible to submit a proposal under the Proxy Rules. The Company notes, however, that the grouping of the New York
City pension funds and the ERS together by the Proponent is further evidence that there is really only one
proponent here, not separate decision makers.
V. Conclusion.
For the reasons stated above, the Company believes that the
Proposals are excludable because the Proponent has not followed the procedural requirements under the Proxy Rules. In
addition, the Company believes that the Compensation Resolution Proposal intrudes upon the Board's statutory
authority to manage the business and affairs of the Company under applicable law and the Compensation Resolution Proposal
relates to ordinary business matters. As a consequence, the Company believes that the Proposals may be properly excluded
from the Proxy Materials pursuant to Proxy Rule 14a-8(f) and additionally, the Compensation Resolution Proposal may
be properly excluded from the Proxy Materials pursuant to Proxy Rule 14a-8(i)(7). The Company respectfully requests
that the Staff concur with the Company's view on these bases.
Alternatively, if the Staff does not concur that the Proposals
may be excluded from the Proxy Materials, the Company believes that the Company may omit portions of the Proposals
because they contain false and misleading statements. As a consequence, the Company believes that the portions of the
Proposals referenced above may properly be excluded from the Proxy Materials pursuant to Proxy Rule 14a-8(i)(3) and
the Company respectfully requests that the Staff concur with the Company's view on this basis.
Should the Staff disagree with our conclusions regarding the
exclusion of the Proposals or the omission of portions of the Proposals, or should the Staff desire any additional information
in support of our position, we would appreciate the opportunity to confer with the Staff concerning these matters
prior to the Staff's issuance of its response. Please do not hesitate to contact the undersigned at (214) 220-7860 or Bryan
Pechersky, Senior Vice President, Senior Corporate Counsel and Secretary of the Company at (214) 854-3151. The
Company requests respectfully that, in the interest of time, the Staff send a copy of its response via fax to the
undersigned at (214) 999-7860, to the Company at (214) 854-3271, and to the Proponent at (212) 669-4072 contemporaneously
with sending its response via mail.
Very truly yours,
/s/
Robert L. Kimball
Attachments
cc: Bryan J. Pechersky, Esq. [Company]
Kenneth B. Sylvester [Proponent]
-----FOOTNOTES-----
1 See also
Exchange Act Release No. 12999 (Nov. 22, 1976).
2 Id.
3 See Release No.
34-40018 (May 21, 1998).
4 See, e.g., Rite
Aid Corp. (April 21, 2006); The Charles Schwab Corp. (Feb. 23, 2005); Cousins
Properties Inc. (Feb. 17, 2004); Wendy's Int'l, Inc. (Jan. 29, 2004); Xcel Energy (Jan.
28, 2004); Dover Corp. (Jan. 29, 2004); Apache Corp. (Jan. 25, 2004); Paccar, Inc. (Jan. 14, 2004).
5 See Staff Legal
Bulletin 14A (July 12, 2002).
6 See also Staff
Legal Bulletin 14B (September 15, 2004).
7 Id.
[INQUIRY LETTER]
December 13, 2006
Mr. Bryan J. Pechersky
Vice President and Secretary
Blockbuster, Inc.
1201 Elm Street
Dallas, TX 75270
Dear Mr. Pechersky:
I write to you on behalf of the Comptroller of the City of New
York, William C. Thompson, Jr. The Comptroller is the custodian and a trustee of the New York City Employees'
Retirement System, (the "System"). The System's board of trustees has authorized the Comptroller to inform you of its
intention to present the enclosed proposal for the consideration and vote of stockholders at the company's next
annual meeting.
I, therefore, offer the enclosed proposal for the consideration
and vote of shareholders at the company's next annual meeting. It is submitted to you in accordance with Rule 14a-8 of
the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, and I ask that it be included in the company's proxy statement.
A letter from The Bank of New York certifying the System's
ownership, for over a year, of shares of Blockbuster, Inc. common stock is enclosed. The System intends to continue to hold
at least $2,000 worth of these securities through the date of the company's next annual meeting.
We would be happy to discuss the proposal with you. Should the
board of directors decide to endorse its provision as corporate policy, we will withdraw the proposal from
consideration at the annual meeting. If you have any questions on this matter, please feel free to contact me at (212) 669-2013.
Very truly yours,
/s/
Kenneth B. Sylvester
Enclosures
Blockbuster advisory compensation-2007
[APPENDIX 1]
RESOLVED, that shareholders of Blockbuster Inc. ("Blockbuster") urge the
board of directors to adopt a policy that
Blockbuster shareholders be given the opportunity at each
annual meeting of shareholders to vote on an advisory resolution, to be proposed by Blockbuster's management, to ratify the
compensation of the named executive officers ("NEOs") set forth in the proxy statement's Summary Compensation
Table (the "SCT") and the accompanying narrative disclosure of material factors provided to understand the SCT
(but not the Compensation Discussion and Analysis). The proposal submitted to shareholders should make clear that the
vote is non-binding and would not affect any compensation paid or awarded to any NEO.
SUPPORTING STATEMENT
Investors are increasingly concerned about mushrooming executive
compensation which sometimes appears to be insufficiently aligned with the creation of shareholder value.
Additionally, recent media attention to questionable dating of stock options grants by companies has raised related investor
concerns.
The SEC has created a new rule, with record support from
investors, requiring companies to disclose additional information about compensation and perquisites for top
executives. The rule goes into effect this year. In establishing the rule the SEC has made it clear that it is the role of market
forces, not the SEC, to provide checks and balances on compensation practices.
We believe that existing U.S. corporate governance arrangements,
including SEC rules and stock exchange listing standards, do not provide shareholders with enough mechanisms
for providing input to boards on senior executive compensation. In contrast to U.S. practices, in the United
Kingdom, public companies allow shareholders to cast an advisory vote on the "directors' remuneration report," which
discloses executive compensation. Such a vote isn't binding, but gives shareholders a clear voice that could help shape
senior executive compensation.
Currently U.S. stock exchange listing standards require
shareholder approval of equity-based compensation plans; those plans, however, set general parameters and accord the
compensation committee substantial discretion in making awards and establishing performance thresholds for a particular year.
Shareholders do not have any mechanism for providing ongoing feedback on the application of those general standards
to individual pay packages. (See Lucian Bebchuk & Jesse Fried, Pay Without
Performance 49 (2004))
Similarly, performance criteria submitted for shareholder
approval to allow a company to deduct compensation in excess of $1 million are broad and do not constrain compensation
committees in setting performance targets for particular senior executives. Withholding votes from compensation committee
members who are standing for reelection is a blunt and insufficient instrument for registering dissatisfaction with the
way in which the committee has administered compensation plans and policies in the previous year.
Accordingly, we urge
Blockbuster's board to allow shareholders to express their opinion about
senior executive compensation at
Blockbuster by establishing an annual referendum process. The results of
such a vote would, we think, provide Blockbuster
with useful information about whether shareholders view the company's senior
executive compensation, as reported each year, to be in shareholders' best
interests.
We urge shareholders to vote for this proposal.
[INQUIRY LETTER]
December 13, 2006
Mr. Bryan J. Pechersky
Vice President and Secretary
Blockbuster, Inc.
1201 Elm Street
Dallas, TX 75270
Dear Mr. Pechersky:
I write to you on behalf of the Comptroller of the City of New
York, William C. Thompson, Jr. The Comptroller is the custodian and a trustee of the New York City Teachers'
Retirement System, the New York City Police Pension Fund, and the New York City Fire Department Pension Fund, and custodian of
the New York City Board of Education Retirement System (the "Systems"). The Systems' boards of trustees have
authorized the Comptroller to inform you of their intention to present the enclosed proposal for the consideration and vote
of stockholders at the company's next annual meeting.
The Systems' boards of trustees have passed resolutions calling
on companies to declassify their boards of directors. We believe that the ability to elect directors is the single most
important use of the shareholder franchise. Accordingly, directors should be accountable to shareholders on an annual
basis. The election of directors by classes, for three-year terms, in our opinion, minimizes accountability and precludes
the full exercise of the rights of shareholders to approve or disapprove annually the performance of a director or directors.
I, therefore, offer the enclosed proposal for the consideration
and vote of shareholders at the company's next annual meeting. It is submitted to you in accordance with Rule 14a-8 of
the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, and I ask that it be included in the company's proxy statement.
Letters from The Bank of New York certifying the Systems'
ownership, for over a year, of shares of Blockbuster, Inc. common stock are enclosed. Each System intends to continue to
hold at least $2,000 worth of these securities through the date of the company's next annual meeting.
We would be happy to discuss the proposal with you. Should the
board of directors decide to endorse its provision as corporate policy, we will withdraw the proposal from
consideration at the annual meeting. If you have any questions on this matter, please feel free to contact me at (212) 669-2013.
Very truly yours,
/s/
Kenneth B. Sylvester
Enolosures
Blockbuster Classified Board 2007
[APPENDIX 2]
SHAREHOLDER PROPOSAL
REPEAL CLASSIFIED BOARD
Submitted by William C. Thompson, Jr., Comptroller, City of New
York, on behalf of the Boards of Trustees of the New York City Pension Funds
BE IT RESOLVED, that the
stockholders of Blockbuster, Inc. request that the Board of Directors take the
necessary steps to declassify the Board of Directors and establish annual
elections of directors, whereby directors would be elected annually and not by classes. This policy would take effect
immediately, and be applicable to the reelection of any incumbent director whose term, under the current classified
system, subsequently expires.
SUPPORTING STATEMENT
We believe that the ability to elect directors is the single
most important use of the shareholder franchise. Accordingly, directors should be accountable to shareholders on an annual
basis. The election of directors by classes, for three-year terms, in our opinion, minimizes accountability and precludes
the full exercise of the rights of shareholders to approve or disapprove annually the performance of a director or directors.
In addition, since only one-third of the Board of Directors is
elected annually, we believe that classified boards could frustrate, to the detriment of long-term shareholder interest,
the efforts of a bidder to acquire control or a challenger to engage successfully in a proxy contest.
We urge your support for the proposal to repeal the classified
board and establish that all directors be elected annually.
KS:ma
[INQUIRY LETTER]
January 19, 2007
By Federal Express
Securities and Exchange Commission
Division of Corporation Finance
Office of Chief Counsel
100 F. Street, NE
Washington, DC 20549
Re: Blockbuster Inc. No-Action Request Letter Submitted January
12, 2007
Ladies and Gentlemen:
This letter supplements the no-action request letter we
submitted on behalf of our client, Blockbuster Inc. (the "Company"), on January 12, 2007 (the "No-Action Letter"),
requesting that the Staff of the Division of Corporation Finance of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "Staff") concur
with the Company's view that each of the stockholder proposals submitted by the Comptroller of the City of New York,
William C. Thompson Jr. (the "Proponent") on December 13, 2006 (i) regarding the executive officer compensation
advisory resolution (including the supporting statement contained therein, the "Compensation Resolution Proposal") and
(ii) regarding the declassification of the board of directors of the Company (including the supporting statement
contained therein, the "Declassified Board Proposal" and, together with the Compensation Resolution Proposal, the
"Proposals") may properly be omitted from the proxy materials (the "Proxy Materials") to be distributed by the Company in
connection with its 2007 annual meeting of stockholders. For ease of reference, a copy of the No-Action Letter, together with
its corresponding exhibits, is attached hereto as Attachment I.
Reference was made in the No-Action Letter to a letter dated
December 26, 2006 from the Company to the Proponent (the "Defect Notice"), sent by the Company pursuant to Rule
14a-8(f) of Regulation 14A promulgated under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934 (each rule promulgated thereunder, a
"Proxy Rule") informing the Proponent of the Company's belief that the Proposals failed to follow the procedural
requirements set forth in Proxy Rules 14a-8(c) and 14a-8(d).
Based on standard procedure for overnight delivery via Federal
Express (and verification by Federal Express' tracking system), the Company believes that the Proponent received the
Defect Notice on December 27, 2007. Pursuant to Proxy Rule 14a-8(f), the Proponent had fourteen (14) days from the
date the Proponent received the Defect Notice to provide a response. As of the date of this letter, which is twenty-three
(23) days after the Company believes the Proponent received the Defect Notice, the Company has not received a response to
the Defect Notice from the Proponent. The Company believes that the Proponent's failure to respond to
the Defect Notice is a concession by the Proponent that the Proposals, in fact, are procedurally deficient under the
Proxy Rules. Therefore, the Company requests respectfully that the Staff consider the Proponent's failure to respond to
the Defect Notice and concur with the Company's arguments set forth in Section II of the No-Action Letter that the
Proposals may be excluded from the Proxy Materials.
Should the Staff disagree with our conclusions regarding the
exclusion of the Proposals, or should the Staff desire any additional information in support of our position, we would
appreciate the opportunity to confer with the Staff concerning these matters prior to the Staff's issuance of its response.
Please do not hesitate to contact the undersigned at (214) 220-7860 or Bryan Pechersky, Senior Vice President, Senior Corporate
Counsel and Secretary of the Company at (214) 854-3151. The Company requests respectfully that, in the interest of
time, the Staff send a copy of its response to this letter (if applicable) and to the No-Action Letter via fax to the
undersigned at (214) 999-7860, to the Company at (214) 854-3271, and to the Proponent at (212) 669-4072 contemporaneously with
sending its response(s) via mail.
Very truly yours,
/s/
Robert L. Kimball
cc: Bryan J. Pechersky, Esq. [Company]
Kenneth B. Sylvester [Proponent]
[INQUIRY LETTER]
February 12, 2007
BY EMAIL AND EXPRESS MAIL
Securities and Exchange Commission
Division of Corporation Finance
Office of the Chief Counsel
100 F Street, N.E.
Washington, D.C. 20549
Re: Blockbuster Inc.; Shareholder Proposals submitted by the New
York City Retirement Systems
To Whom It May Concern:
I write on behalf of the five separate New York City Retirement
Systems (the "Systems"), in response to the January 12 and 19, 2007 letters sent to the Division of Corporation Finance
(the "Division") by Robert L. Kimball of the firm of Vinson & Elkins, counsel for Blockbuster Inc. ("Blockbuster" or the
"Company"). In those letters, the Company contends that two shareholder proposals, one filed jointly by the Teachers'
Retirement System of the City of New York ("NYC TRS"), the New York City Police Pension Fund (the "Police Fund"), the New
York City Fire Department Pension Fund (the "Fire Fund"), and the New York City Board of Education Retirement
System ("BERS"), and one filed separately by the New York City Employees Retirement System ("NYCERS"), may be omitted
from the Company's 2007 proxy statement and form of proxy pursuant to Rules 14a-8(c) and (d), 14a-8(i)(7),
and 14a-8(i)(3) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
As shown below, however: each of the five Retirement Systems is
separate and independent, and none is under the control of, nor the "alter ego" of, the New York City
Comptroller; it is well-settled that executive compensation is not "ordinary business"; and no statements in the Proposal are false
or misleading. In light of that, and based upon my review of the Proposals, the Company's letters, and Rule 14a-8, it is
my opinion that the Proposals may not be omitted from the Company's 2007 Proxy Materials. Accordingly, each of the Systems
respectfully requests that the Staff of the Division deny the relief that the Company seeks.
I. The Proposals
The Proposal submitted on behalf of NYCERS seeks an advisory
vote of Blockbuster shareholders to approve compensation of the Company's named executive officers, as
stated in the Resolved clause:
RESOLVED, that shareholders of Blockbuster, Inc. ("Blockbuster")
urge the Board of Directors to adopt a policy that Blockbuster shareholders be given the opportunity at each annual
meeting of shareholders to vote on an advisory resolution, to be proposed by Blockbuster's management, to
ratify the compensation of the named executive officers ("NEOs") set forth in the proxy statement's Summary Compensation
Table (the "SCT") and the accompanying narrative disclosure of material factors provided to understand the SCT
(but not the Compensation Discussion and Analysis). The proposal submitted to shareholders should make clear that the
vote is non-binding and would not affect any compensation paid or awarded to any NEO.
The wholly separate Proposal submitted on behalf of NYC TRS, the
Police Fund, the Fire Fund and BERS requests that "the Board of Directors take the necessary steps to declassify
the Board of Directors and establish annual elections of directors ..."
II. The Company's Opposition and the Systems' Response
In its letters of January 12 and 19, 2007, Blockbuster requested
that the Staff of the Division not recommend enforcement action to the Commission if the Company omits both Proposals
pursuant to the following Rules:
As to both Proposals, Rule 14a-8(c) ("each shareholder may
submit no more than one proposal to a company for a particular shareholders' meeting") and 14a-8(d) (500-word
limit);
As to the NYCERS Proposal, Rule 14a-8(i)(7) (proposal relates
to ordinary business of the company); and
As to both Proposal, Rule 14a-8(i)(3) (proposal contains false
or misleading material).
Pursuant to Rule 14a-8(g), the Company bears the burden of
proving that one or more of these exclusions applies. As detailed below, the Company has failed to meet that burden, and
its request for no-action relief should accordingly be denied.
A. The Five Separate New York City Retirement Systems Are Not
"One" Proponent Under Rule 14a-8(c): They Are
Not Under Common Control, and Are Not Alter Egos, Either of Each
Other Or of The Comptroller
Blockbuster alleges incorrectly that all of the Systems are
under the control of the New York City Comptroller, and so should be regarded under Rule 14a-8(c) as a single proponent
that has impermissibly filed two proposals. As shown below, the five Retirement Systems are separate and distinct
entities with independent Boards of Trustees. None is under the control of the Comptroller, who serves only as investment
advisor and custodian of assets for the Systems. On four of the Systems' Boards, the Comptroller is just one Trustee out of
many - all of the rest of whom are independent of the Comptroller. On the fifth Board, that of BERS, the Comptroller
is not even a Trustee. The Systems plainly do not meet the test cited by SEC Staff in
Trans World Corporation (Feb. 5, 1981) for excluding those proposals
under Rule 14a-8(c): that one proponent "is the alter ego of any of the proponents" or
"possesses control over the shares owned...by any another proponent."
1. Factual Discussion - the Five Systems are Separate and
Independent
As detailed below, each of the five Systems is a substantial
independent entity, with its own offices and staff, and billions of dollars in assets and tens (or hundreds) of thousands of
members, and overall control of its own investments. In aggregate, the New York City Systems hold close to one hundred
billion dollars in assets. Under the governing rules and statutes, each System is run by its own independent Board of
Trustees, on which the Comptroller never has more than one-seventh of the votes.
a. The Systems' Boards of Trustees
NYCERS is a public employee retirement system for employees of
New York City (and certain other government units) not covered by one of the four other New York City pension
systems. The NYCERS Board of Trustees ("NYCERS Board") consists of eleven members: the Comptroller; the Public
Advocate; a representative appointed by the Mayor; each of the five borough presidents; and three public employee
representatives (New York City Administrative Code §13-103(b)).
Beyond appointing the Comptroller's own representative, the
Comptroller does not appoint, or approve the appointment of, any of the other
NYCERS Trustees, either to the Board or to their regular employment positions.
On the NYCERS Board, each borough president has a one-fifth vote, and each of
the other members has one vote. Thus, the eleven Trustees collectively have seven votes, with a three and
three-fifths majority of the votes required for the Board to take any action. The concurrence of one employee representative and
one non-employee representative member or members entitled to one vote is necessary for any decision by the NYCERS
Board (New York City Administrative Code §13-103(d)). Under this statutory scheme, the Comptroller, with only one seat
out of eleven, and one vote out of seven, does not control the NYCERS Board or NYCERS itself.
NYC TRS is a public employee retirement system for the teachers
in the public schools of New York City and certain other specified school and college employees. The NYC TRS Board of
Trustees ("NYC TRS Board") consists of seven members: the Comptroller; the Schools Chancellor; two other
Mayoral appointees; and three members of the Teachers' Retirement Association (New York City Administrative Code
§13-507). Beyond appointing the Comptroller's own representative, the Comptroller does not appoint, or approve the
appointment of, any of the other NYC
TRS Trustees, either to the Board or to their regular employment positions.
Each Board member has one vote, with a majority vote required for action, and with the concurrence of the Comptroller
or of one member appointed by the Mayor, of a member elected by the Teachers' Retirement Association, and of at least
two other members needed for any decision by the NYC TRS Board (New York City Administrative Code §13-512). Under
this statutory scheme, the Comptroller, with only one seat and one vote, out of seven, does not control the NYC TRS
Board or NYC TRS itself.
The Police Fund is a public employee retirement system for New
York City police officers. The Police Fund Board of Trustees ("Police Board") consists of twelve members: the
Comptroller; three Mayoral appointees, including the Police Commissioner; and eight public employee representatives (New
York City Administrative Code §13-216(a)). Beyond appointing the Comptroller's own representative, the Comptroller
does not appoint, or approve the appointment of, any of the other Police Trustees, either to the Board or to their
regular employment positions. On the Police Board, various members have multiple or fractional votes, such that the twelve
Trustees collectively have twelve votes, with the Comptroller having one and one-half votes. A seven-twelfths
majority of the votes is required for the Board to take any action. (Id,
§13-216(b)). Once again, under this statutory scheme, the Comptroller, with only
one seat out of twelve, and one and one-half votes out of twelve, does not control the
Police Board or the Police Fund itself.
The Fire Fund is a public employee retirement system for New
York City firefighters and fire officers. The Fire Fund Board of Trustees ("Fire Board") consists of twelve members: the
Comptroller; three members appointed by the Mayor, including the Fire Commissioner; and eight public employee representatives
(New York City Administrative Code §13-302(a)). Beyond appointing the Comptroller's own representative, the
Comptroller does not appoint, or approve the appointment of, any of the other
Fire Trustees, either to the Fire Board or to their regular employment
positions. On the Fire Board, various members have multiple votes, such that the twelve
Trustees collectively have twenty-four votes, with the Comptroller having three votes. A seven-twelfths majority of the
votes is required for the Board to take any action. Once again, under this statutory scheme, the Comptroller, with only
one seat out of twelve, and three votes out of twenty-four, does not control the Fire Board or the Fire Fund itself.
BERS is a public employee retirement system for those employees
of the New York City School District and Department of Education that are not covered by the other Systems. The BERS
Board of Trustees ("BERS Board") consists of fifteen members: two public employee representatives; and thirteen
members of the Panel for Education Policy, including: the Schools Chancellor; seven other members appointed by the Mayor;
and one member appointed by each of the five borough presidents (BERS Rules, adopted pursuant to NYS
Education Law §§2575(1)(a) and 2590-g). The Comptroller does not appoint, or approve the appointment of, any of the BERS Trustees, either to the Board
or to their regular employment positions. Unlike for NYCERS, NYC TRS, the Police
Fund, and the Fire Fund, the Comptroller does not
serve as a Trustee of BERS, further disproving any claim that
BERS is under the control of, or is the alter ego of, the
Comptroller.
Overall, NYCTRS, NYCERS, the Police Fund, the Fire Fund, and
BERS are five entirely separate legal entities that serve entirely separate memberships. Each System is statutorily
created, with a fiduciary duty to act in the best interests of its own distinct beneficiaries. The five respective Boards are
independent and have substantially different Trustee memberships. The Comptroller has no seat on the BERS Board, only
one seat out of at least seven on the other four Boards, and never more than one-seventh of the total votes on
each of those four Boards. The Comptroller, who is elected separately from the Mayor, has fewer votes than the
Mayor's representatives on all Boards but NYCERS, and always has fewer votes than the employees' representatives. Each
of NYCERS, NYC TRS, the Police Fund, the Fire Fund, and BERS occupies its own completely separate office, at
five different addresses, in two different boroughs of New York City (Manhattan and Brooklyn), with different staffs. None
of the Systems shares an office or staff or an address or phone lines either with any other System or with the Office of
the Comptroller.
b. The Systems' Investments and Proxy Procedures
On all of the key investment and proxy decisions for the
Systems, the ultimate authority resides with the Board of Trustees of each System. Each of NYCERS, NYC TRS, the Police Fund, the
Fire Fund and BERS retains its own outside general investment consultant, which is different for each System, and
which consultant provides strategic advice on investment choices, as well as on the selection and performance of the
Systems' outside investment managers. Each Board also selects its own outside investment managers, which are
responsible for investing the Systems' assets, and which may work for all or most of the Systems, or for just one System. The
Systems also have different asset allocations, set by each Board, among equity, fixed-income, real estate, private equity,
and so forth.
While the Comptroller is custodian of assets and investment
advisor for all of the five Systems, the Comptroller's activities in these roles are primarily to advise the independent Boards
and then to carry out their decisions. Those activities do not make him the alter ego of the Systems or give him control over
them. As custodian of assets, the Comptroller interacts with the Systems' custodian bank, the Bank of New York, and
monitors the bank's custodial activities. The Bank of New York maintains separate accounts for each System and its
managers, as evidenced by the fact that Blockbuster attached to its January 12 letter the separate proof of share ownership
letters that the Bank of New York furnished for each System in connection with the Proposals. As investment advisor to the
five Systems, the Comptroller, through staff, advises and makes recommendations to those Boards on such issues as
investments, the selection of consultants, managers, and investment partners, and asset allocations and rebalancing. Each
Board, after receiving advice from the Comptroller and other sources, then makes the final decision for that System on
each such matter. The Comptroller then takes the steps necessary to carry out the investment and other decisions that
each Board makes, and thereafter monitors the investments, as well as the performance of consultants,
managers, and investment partners.
On proxy issues, each System has its own proxy committee with
responsibility for establishing proxy voting guidelines and shareholder proposal programs on behalf of its respective Board
of Trustees. The NYC TRS proxy voting guidelines have substantial differences from those of the other Systems; the
proxy voting guidelines of the other four Systems also differ from each other on certain proxy issues. The Comptroller gives
advice and makes recommendations to the Boards and the proxy committees on shareholder proposals and voting. The
different Boards and proxy committees then give the Comptroller directions on which proposals to submit for which
Systems, and how to vote on various contested matters. Based upon the respective directions from the Systems, the
Comptroller submits shareholder proposals on their behalf. For many years, the Comptroller has submitted some proposals on
behalf of all Systems, and others on behalf of just one or two Systems. This has resulted a number of times in more than
one proposal being submitted to one company, on behalf of different Systems. For example, in 2006, on behalf of
different Systems, the Comptroller submitted two proposals to each of
ICOS Corp. and BEA Systems, each of which was placed on the ballot, and each of
which received a shareholder vote of between 36.6% and 75%. (See
"Thompson Issues Report on Pension Funds' 2006 Shareholder Proposals" at
www.comptroller.nyc.gov) To further carry out the Boards' proxy programs,
the Comptroller's staff attends shareholder meetings, and communicates on behalf of the various
Systems (as in this letter) with SEC Staff. That role of the Comptroller, in recommending shareholder proposals to the
independent Systems, and then carrying out the Systems' instructions, does not show, as Blockbuster's January 12 letter
claims (p. 2), that the Comptroller has "control over the content of the proposals," much less control over any of the
Systems.
In sum, viewed in terms of both the membership and voting power
on the respective Boards, and the Systems' investment and proxy procedures, the Systems are under the control of their
independent Boards, not of the Comptroller. Thus, in submitting proxy proposals on behalf of the five Systems, the
Comptroller acts at the varying directions of five separate and independent major institutional shareholders, and not as the
"alter ego" or control person of any of them.
2. Legal Discussion - The Systems are Not "One Shareholder"
Under Rule 14a-8(c)
The facts above as to separateness and independence of each of
the Systems belie Blockbuster's assertions that there is only "a single beneficial owner of the securities held by each
Stockholder" and "a single originating proponent for the proposals." (Blockbuster January 12 letter at p. 3). Rather,
when the Office of the Comptroller submitted, respectively, one proposal for NYC TRS, the Police Fund, the Fire Fund, and BERS,
and one proposal for NYCERS, it did so as the agent of each separate and independent proponent System, at the
direction of each System. There was no "single beneficial owner" or "single proponent" submitting multiple proposals.
Where, as here, a company cannot establish that one proponent is
merely the "alter ego" of another, the Staff of the Division has repeatedly refused to regard the two as one
proponent impermissibly submitting two proposals, and has not issued no-action advice under Rule 14a-8(c). See EMC Corporation (March 14, 2002)
(rejecting company argument that because Walden Asset Management had worked with several other
shareholders on submitting multiple proposals, Walden should be viewed as the one "true proponent" that had
impermissibly submitted multiple proposals)
See also MOD-PAC Corp. (March 2, 2004); TF Financial Corporation (Jan. 28, 1999);
LSB Industries, Inc. (March 28, 1997);
Intergraph Corporation (March 2, 1995).
The letters in which no-action advice has been issued under Rule
14a-8(c) typically have grown out of literal parent-and child situations which bear no comparison to the facts here of five
independent multi-billion dollar public pension funds.
BankAmerica Corporation (Feb. 8, 1996) and Peregrine Pharmaceuticals (July 28, 2006)
each involved a parent acting for a child, while
Jefferson-Pilot Corporation (March 12, 1992) involved as proponents one
individual and a company whose only shareholders were her three children, and which she funded
and her husband controlled.
Finally, there is no basis for the Company's argument in its
supplemental letter of January 19, 2007, that by not responding to the Company's December 26, 2006 demand that the
Systems "withdraw[] one or both of your proposals at your earliest opportunity," the Systems made "a concession that
the Proposals, in fact, are procedurally defective under the Proxy Rules." (Company January 19 letter at p. 2). Given
that the only response that the Company's December 26 letter sought was the Systems' withdrawal of one or both
Proposals, no "concession" can be implied from a decision not to accede to, or otherwise respond to, that improper demand.
Overall, the facts presented above, which show that each System
is separate from and independent of the others, and that no System is under the control of the Comptroller, nor
under common control with any other System, disprove any contention that any System is the "alter ego" of any other
System or of the Comptroller, or that the Systems or the Comptroller have manufactured a subterfuge to evade the
requirements of Rule 14a-8(c).
For all of the same reasons, there is no basis for the Company's
related argument that the two separate Proposals come from one proponent and so should be considered "one proposal,
which exceeds 500 words in violation of Proxy Rule 14a-8(d)." (Company January 12 letter at p. 4). Rather, separate and
distinct shareholders, not under common control, submitted the two separate Proposals, each of which individually
complies with the 500-word limit and all other requirements.
Accordingly, the Company's requests to exclude the Proposals
under Rules 14a-8(c) and (d) should be denied.
B. An Advisory Vote on the Executive Compensation of the Named
Executive Officers of the Company Does Not
Relate to "Ordinary Business" of the Company
It is well-settled that shareholder proposals relating to the
executive compensation of the senior executives of a company will not be deemed to relate to the "ordinary business" of the
company under Rule 14a-8(i)(7). That standard was first set out in Staff Legal Bulletin 14A (July 12, 2002) ("SLB 14A"),
which noted that "Since 1992, we have applied a bright-line analysis to proposals concerning equity or cash compensation,"
under which:
We do not agree with the view of companies that they may exclude
proposals that concern only senior
executive and director compensation in reliance on rule 14a-8(i)(7):
Id. (emphasis in original; footnote omitted). The Staff
Bulletin continued, in relevant part:
Consequently, in view of the widespread public debate regarding
shareholder approval of equity compensation plans and consistent with our historical analysis of the "ordinary
business" exclusion, we are modifying our treatment of proposals relating to this topic. Going forward, we will take the
following approach to rule 14a-8(i)(7) submissions concerning proposals that relate to shareholder approval of equity
compensation plans:
Proposals that focus on
equity compensation plans that may be used to compensate only senior executive
officers and directors. As has been our position since 1992, companies
may not rely on rule 14a-8(i)(7) to omit these proposals from their proxy materials.
Id. (emphasis in original; footnotes omitted).
The Staff has continued to apply such criteria in declining to
issue no-action advice under Rule 14a-8(i)(7) with respect to shareholder proposals that focus on compensation of only senior
executive officers and directors. For example, in Sara Lee Corp. (Sept. 11, 2006), Staff did not concur that Rule
14a-8(i)(7) could be used as a basis to exclude a proposal that stockholders be given the opportunity at each annual meeting to
vote on an advisory resolution to approve the Compensation Discussion and Analysis.*
See also Avaya, Inc. (Oct. 18, 2006)
(Rule 14a-8(i)(7) not a basis to exclude proposal seeking a standard of pay-for-superior-performance in
the company's executive compensation plan for senior executives); Emerson
Electric Co. (Oct. 24, 2005) (Rule 14a-8(i)(7) not a basis to exclude
proposal seeking shareholder approval of future severance agreements with senior executives
that provide benefits exceeding a certain threshold); SBC Communications, Inc. (Jan. 25, 2005) (Rule 14a-8(i)(7) not a
basis to exclude proposal seeking a review of, and report on, special executive compensation). Cf. Xerox Corp. (March 14, 2006) (proposal
for performance-based compensation could be excluded under Rule 14a-8(i)(7) unless proponent amended it
to specify that it applied to "compensation of executive officers only").
NYCERS' Proposal here meets the standards for a compensation
proposal that may not be excluded as relating to "ordinary business" under Rule 14a-8(i)(7). It relates on its
face to executive compensation, and within the area of executive compensation, only to the "named executive officers."
According to the September 2006 Final Rules Release, "Executive Compensation and Related Person Disclosure," for
purposes of executive compensation disclosure, the "named executive directors" of a company are just five
individuals:
As proposed, we are amending the disclosure rules so that the
principal executive officer, the principal financial officer and the three most highly compensated executive officers other
than the principal executive officer and principal financial officer comprise the named executive officers.
71 Federal Register
53158, 53189, Release No. 34-54302A (Sept. 8, 2006) (footnote omitted).
Accordingly, under the aforementioned well-settled standards, NYCERS' proposal on
executive compensation, limited to just five Company executive officers, may not be omitted from the 2007 Proxy
Materials under Rule 14a-8(i)(7).
The arguments in the Company's January 12 letter do not support
any different outcome. While it is correct that, as the letter notes, state corporation law and the Company Charter and
By-Laws give the Board the power to set executive compensation (p. 5), the explicitly advisory, non-binding vote
on executive compensation sought by the Proposal would not infringe upon or diminish the Board's power, or impinge upon
"ordinary business," as the Company appears to suggest. Furthermore, state corporation laws and companies'
charters and by-laws will almost always give corporate boards the power to set executive compensation and yet, as noted
earlier, the Staff has repeatedly advised that executive compensation does not relate to "ordinary business."
Blockbuster next argues that the factors used in to setting the
executive compensation of the named executive officers are so complex that "the general shareholder population" could not
make an informed judgment on the subject, and so proposals on the subject should be excluded as "ordinary
business." (January 12 letter at pp. 5-6). That argument must fail, given the care that the Commission has devoted to
ensuring, in the September 2006 Final Rules Release, "Executive Compensation and Related Person Disclosure," supra, and elsewhere, that the executive
compensation disclosures for those five officers are presented in such a manner that
shareholders can indeed understand them and appreciate their significance. It must follow that shareholders would then be
able to express their purely advisory view on whether to ratify such compensation, as so disclosed. And, again, notwithstanding
that executive compensation may sometimes be a complex issue, the Staff has consistently advised that it does
not relate to ordinary business.
Next, the Company seeks to distinguish the whole consistent body
of Staff advice on executive compensation by asserting that here, the Proposal relates to the "specific
individual compensation" of the named executive officers, rather than to a broader "compensation plan." (January 12 letter at
p.6). However, given that the Commission's new Executive Compensation Rules themselves focus on the "specific individual
compensation" of the named executive officers, a proponent may properly request that a shareholder advisory vote
focus on that same disclosure. Moreover, the Company has not identified any aspect of those executive compensation
disclosures that makes them an improper subject for an
advisory vote.
Finally, the Company claims that because the NYSE does not
require an advisory shareholder vote on executive compensation, and the Commission allegedly lacks authority to
impose such a requirement on companies, then allowing the shareholders themselves to request such a vote would serve
to "subterfuge federal laws and the NYSE Rules." (January 12 letter at p. 6). The argument ignores the fact that
shareholder proposals routinely request enhanced corporate governance practices precisely because the Rules of the NYSE, NASD, etc.
currently do not require them. Such proposals to improve corporate governance are entirely proper,
as is the Proposal here.*
For all of the above reasons, NYCERS' Proposal relating to the
executive compensation of the named executive directors does not relate to the ordinary business of the Company, and so
cannot be excluded under Rule 14a-8(i)(7).
C. The Statements in the Proposals Are Not False or Misleading
The Division's recent Bulletin sought to limit the excessive use
by companies of the "false and misleading" standard of Rule 14a-8(i)(3) as a purported basis for exclusion of
shareholder proposals. Staff Legal Bulletin 14B (September 15, 2004) ("SLB 14B"). The Staff was concerned that "many companies
have begun to assert deficiencies in virtually every line of a proposal's supporting statement as a means to justify
exclusion of the proposal in its entirety."
Id. The Bulletin noted that this causes the Staff to devote significant resources
to review and editing. Here, all of the Company's four claims that the Proposals are false and misleading are strained
and makeweight arguments, and should not have been raised under the standards enunciated in SLB 14B.
The challenged statements in the respective Proposals, and the
reasons why each one is true, are as follows:
a). The NYCERS Compensation Proposal
1. "Mushrooming executive compensation."
The Company claims that this phrase falsely "implies that the
executive compensation of all companies, including the Company, has increased disproportionately and exponentially...".
It is true, however, and not false or misleading, to state that executive compensation at public companies increased
greatly in recent years. The mild simile"mushrooming" is thus wholly apt. Indeed, using his own simile, Chairman Cox recently
testified before Congress that "non-salary forms of compensation have
ballooned since the early 1990s...". "Testimony Concerning Options
Backdating" by Christopher Cox, SEC Chairman, before the U.S. Senate Committee on Banking,
Housing and Urban Affairs, September 6, 2006 (emphasis added), at
sec.gov/news/testimony/2006/ts090606cc.htm. As Commissioner Campos further
observed in a recent speech, as to the substantial increases in executive pay,
"In 1982, the pay ratio between CEOs and the average employee was 42:1; in 2004, this figure apparently increased to
over 400:1." "Remarks Before the 2007 Summit on Executive Compensation" by SEC Commissioner Roel C. Campos,
January 23, 2007, at sec.gov/news/speech/2007/spch012307rcc.htm.
As to the Company itself, nothing in the Proposal makes any
reference to any increase of any kind in executive compensation at the Company itself. Blockbuster's counsel's
claim of such an implication is without any support, and should be disregarded.
2. "Additionally, recent media attention to questionable dating
of stock options by companies has raised investor concerns."
The Company claims that this falsely "implies that improper
dating of stock options is widespread" and "indirectly makes charges against the Company concerning improper executive
compensation...". That the "improper dating of stock options is widespread" is truc, and is not false or misleading. The same
September 2006 testimony by Chairman Cox before
Congress, cited above, made that point:
Thank you for inviting me to testify today about options
backdating. This issue is one of intense public interest because it strikes at the heart of the relationship among a public
company's management, its directors, and its shareholders...
***
...Over the past several years, our inventory of backdating and
related investigations has grown substantially...
***
Unfortunately, these cases that I've used as illustrations are
not the only matters the SEC has under investigation. The SEC's Division of Enforcement is currently investigating over
100 companies concerning possible fraudulent reporting of stock option grants. The companies are located throughout the
country, and include Fortune 500 companies as well as smaller cap issuers. They span multiple industry sectors.
"Testimony Concerning Options Backdating" by Christopher Cox,
SEC Chairman.
With respect to the alleged implication as to the Company, the
Proposal, once again, makes no reference of any kind to options backdating -- or to any other improper executive
compensation -- at the Company itself. Blockbuster's counsel's claim, that the Proposal "indirectly makes charges" against the
Company, lacks any support, and should be disregarded.
3. "Shareholders do not have any mechanism for providing ongoing
feedback on the application of those general standards to individual pay packages."
The Company claims that the above is false because an individual
shareholder can write to company directors, call its hotline, or vote on the election of directors. None of those
acts, however, both 1) serves as a collective mechanism for shareholders as a group;
and 2) provides feedback on individual executives' pay packages. It is
entirely true, and not false or misleading, that to accomplish both aims at the same time, a
new mechanism, such as the advisory vote on executive compensation requested by in the Proposal, is needed.
b). The Four Systems' Declassified Board Proposal
4. "Submitted by William C. Thompson, Jr., Comptroller, City of
New York, on behalf of the Boards of Trustees of the New York City Pension Funds."
The Company claims that this statement is false because. "The
Proponent is the custodian for four Stockholders and does not purport to be the custodian for the entirety of the pension
funds related to New York City." (January 12 letter at p. 8). The phrasing of the Company's letter is confusing, as the
"Proponents" are the Systems, not the Comptroller, who simply submitted the Proposal on the Systems' behalf. However, if the
Company's assertion is that the Comptroller is custodian for only four Systems, the Company is wrong, as the Comptroller
is indeed the custodian of assets for all five Systems. If the Company's assertion is that "New York City Pension Funds"
does not accurately describe Proponents who are four of the five New York City Systems, we submit that it is a fair and
proper shorthand for the Proposal to state that it was submitted on behalf of "the New York City Pension Funds" rather
than listing each of the four proponent Systems separately by name.
In short, each of the four challenged statements in the
respective Proposals is demonstrably true, and is not false or misleading. The Company has wholly failed to meet its burden for
exclusion under Rule 14a-8(i)(3).
III. Conclusion
For the reasons set forth herein, the five Systems respectfully
submit that the Company's request for "no-action" relief should be denied. Should you have any questions or require any
additional information, please do not hesitate to contact me at the number listed above.
Thank you for your consideration.
Sincerely,
/s/
Richard S. Simon
Cc: Robert L. Kimball, Esq.
Vinson & Elkins LLP
Trammel Crow Center
2001 Ross Avenue, Suite 3700
Dallas, TX 75201-2975
-----FOOTNOTES-----
* The Staff did require
under Rule 14a-8(i)(3) that the proponent amend the original proposal which had
instead sought a vote on the "report of the Compensation and Employee Benefits
Committee." Id.
* Indeed, it is by
showing that such proposals do go beyond what the NYSE Rules require, that
proponents have defeated companies' arguments that through compliance with an analogous
NYSE Rule, the companies have "substantially implemented" the proposals.
See, e.g., Clear Channel Communications, Inc. (Feb. 15, 2006) (NYC
Systems' proposal calling for heightened independence standard for directors on
compensation committee was not substantially implemented by Company adherence to NYSE Rules, where proposal's
independence standard was stricter than NYSE's).
[STAFF REPLY LETTER]
March 12, 2007
Response of the Office of Chief Counsel Division of Corporation Finance
Re: Blockbuster Inc. Incoming letter dated January 12, 2007
The first proposal urges the board to adopt a policy that
shareholders be given the opportunity at each annual meeting to vote on an advisory resolution to ratify the compensation of the
named executive officers set forth in the summary compensation table of the company's proxy statement.
The second proposal asks Blockbuster to take the necessary steps
to declassify the board and establish annual elections of directors.
We are unable to concur in your view that Blockbuster may
exclude the proposals under rule 14a-8(c). Accordingly, we do not believe that Blockbuster may omit the proposals from its
proxy materials in reliance upon rule 14a-8(c).
We are unable to concur in your view that Blockbuster may
exclude portions of the supporting statement of the first or second proposal under rule 14a-8(i)(3). Accordingly, we do not
believe that Blockbuster may omit portions of either supporting statement from its proxy materials in reliance upon
rule 14a-8(i)(3).
We are unable to concur in your view that Blockbuster may
exclude the first proposal under rule 14a-8(i)(7). Accordingly, we do not believe that Blockbuster may omit the first proposal
from its proxy materials in reliance upon rule 14a-8(i)(7).
Sincerely,
/s/
Amanda McManus
Attorney-Adviser
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