Company Name: Pfizer Inc.
Public Availability Date: February 8, 2006
Document Sections:
INQUIRY LETTER
INQUIRY LETTER
APPENDIX
INQUIRY LETTER
INQUIRY LETTER
INQUIRY LETTER
STAFF REPLY LETTER
[INQUIRY LETTER]
December 16, 2005
VIA HAND DELIVERY
Office of Chief Counsel
Division of Corporation Finance
Securities and Exchange Commission
100 F Street, NE
Washington, DC 20549
Re: Shareholder Proposal of the AFL-CIO Reserve Fund Securities Exchange Act of
1934Rule 14a-8
Dear Ladies and Gentlemen:
This letter is to inform you that Pfizer Inc. ("Pfizer") intends to omit from
its proxy statement and form of proxy for its 2006 Annual Meeting of
Shareholders (collectively, the "2006 Proxy Materials") a shareholder proposal
(the "Proposal") and a statement in support thereof received from the AFL-CIO
Reserve Fund (the "Proponent").
Pursuant to Rule 14a-8(j), enclosed herewith are six (6) copies of this letter
and its attachments. Also, in accordance with Rule 14a-8(j), a copy of this
letter and its attachments is being mailed on this date to the Proponent,
informing them of Pfizer's intention to omit the Proposal from the 2006 Proxy
Materials. Pursuant to Rule 14a-8(j), this letter is being filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission (the "Commission") no later than eighty (80)
calendar days before Pfizer files its definitive 2006 Proxy Materials with the
Commission. Pfizer hereby agrees to promptly forward to the Proponent any
response from the staff of the Division of Corporation Finance (the "Staff") to
this no-action request that the Staff transmits by facsimile to Pfizer only.
A copy of the Proposal and supporting statement, as well as related
correspondence from the Proponent, is attached to this letter as Exhibit A.
Pfizer hereby respectfully requests that the Staff concur in our view that the
Proposal may be excluded from the 2006 Proxy Materials pursuant to Rule
14a-8(i)(10), because Pfizer has substantially implemented the Proposal.
THE PROPOSAL
The Proposal requests that Pfizer's "Board of Directors ... seek shareholder
approval of any senior executive's annual pension benefit from Pfizer's
supplemental executive retirement plans that will exceed 100 percent of the
senior executive's final average salary, as calculated at the Board's
discretion. This policy shall apply to senior executives' existing pension
benefits only if they can be legally modified by Pfizer, and will otherwise
apply to all new pension benefits to the fullest extent permitted by law."
ANALYSIS
The Proposal May Be Excluded Under Rule 14a-8(i)(10) Because Pfizer Has
Substantially Implemented The Proposal.
A. Background
Rule 14a-8(i)(10) permits a company to exclude a shareholder proposal if the
company has substantially implemented the proposal. The Commission stated in
1976 that the predecessor to Rule 14a-8(i)(10) "is designed to avoid the
possibility of shareholders having to consider matters which have already been
favorably acted upon by the management." See Release No. 34-12598 (July 7,
1976). The Commission has refined Rule 14a-8(i)(10) over the years. In the 1983
amendments to the proxy rules, the Commission indicated:
In the past, the staff has permitted the exclusion of proposals under Rule
14a-8(c)(10) only in those cases where the action requested by the proposal has
been fully effected. The Commission proposed an interpretative change to permit
the omission of proposals that have been "substantially implemented by the
issuer." While the new interpretative position will add more subjectivity to the
application of the provision, the Commission has determined the previous
formalistic application of this provision defeated its purpose. Amendments to
Rule 14a-8 Under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 Relating to Proposals by
Security Holders, Release No. 34-20091, at §II.E.5. (Aug. 16, 1983) (the "1983
Release").
The 1998 amendments to the proxy rules, which (among other things) implemented
current Rule 14a-8(i)(10), reaffirmed this position. See Amendments to Rules on
Shareholder Proposals, Exchange Act Release No. 40018 at n.30 and accompanying
text (May 21, 1998). Consequently, as noted in the 1983 Release, in order to be
excludable under Rule 14a-8(i)(10), a shareholder proposal need only be
"substantially implemented," not "fully effected."
The Staff has stated "a determination that the company has substantially
implemented the proposal depends upon whether [the company's] particular
policies, practices and procedures compare favorably with the guidelines of the
proposal." Texaco, Inc. (avail. Mar. 28, 1991). In other words, Rule
14a-8(i)(10) permits exclusion of a shareholder proposal when a company has
implemented the essential objective of the proposal, even where the manner by
which a company implements a proposal does not precisely correspond to the
actions sought by a shareholder proponent. See the 1983 Release; AMR Corporation
(avail. Apr. 17, 2000); Masco Corporation (avail. Mar. 29, 1999); Erie Indemnity
Company (avail. Mar. 15, 1999).
B. Pfizer's Policy
On December 12, 2005, Pfizer's Board of Directors approved a policy (the "Pfizer
Policy") that we believe substantially implements the Proposal, and,
accordingly, pursuant to Rule 14a-8(i)(10), the Proposal may be properly omitted
from the 2006 Proxy Materials. The Pfizer Policy is as follows:
Board Policy on Pension Benefits for Executives
The Board will seek shareholder approval prior to the payment to any senior
executive from the Company's defined benefit pension plans if his or her
benefit, computed as a single life annuity, will exceed 100% of the senior
executive's final average salary, as calculated at the discretion of the
Company's Compensation Committee. This policy will apply prospectively, for all
benefit accruals after January 1, 2006. For purposes of this policy, "final
average salary" means the highest five calendar years' earnings, where earnings
includes salary earned during the year and annual cash incentives (or bonus)
earned for the year.
A copy of the Pfizer Policy is attached hereto as Exhibit B.
C. Analysis
1. The Pfizer Policy "Substantially Implements" the Proposal.
When a company can demonstrate that it has already adopted policies or taken
actions to address each element of a shareholder proposal, the Staff has
concurred that the proposal has been "substantially implemented" and may be
excluded as moot. See, e.g., Intel Corp. (avail. Mar. 11, 2003) (concurring that
a proposal requesting that Intel's board submit to a shareholder vote all equity
compensation plans and amendments to add shares to those plans that would result
in material potential dilution was substantially implemented by a board policy
that excepted certain awards from the policy); Nordstrom, Inc. (avail. Feb. 8,
1995) (concurring that a proposal requesting a report to shareholders on
Nordstrom's relationship with suppliers and a commitment to regular inspections
was substantially implemented by existing company guidelines and a press
release, even though the guidelines did not commit the company to conduct
regular or random inspections to ensure compliance).
As noted above, the Proposal requests that the Board "seek shareholder approval
of any senior executive's annual pension benefit from Pfizer's supplemental
executive retirement plans that will exceed 100 percent of the senior
executive's final average salary, as calculated at the Board's discretion." The
Pfizer Policy substantially implements the Proposal's request because in all
material respects it is identical to the Proposal: both the Proposal and the
Pfizer Policy provide for shareholder approval of any senior executive's annual
pension benefit from the Company's supplemental executive retirement plans that
will exceed 100% of the senior executive's final average salary, without regard
to existing benefits, which cannot legally be reduced. In this regard, the
Pfizer Policy is similar to the policy adopted by the AutoNation board of
directors that the Staff concurred substantially implemented a shareholder
proposal requesting that the board seek shareholder approval for future "golden
parachutes" with senior executives that provide "benefits" exceeding 299 percent
of the sum of the executive's base salary plus bonus. See AutoNation Inc.
(avail. Feb. 16, 2005). Thus, just as in AutoNation, we believe that, as a
result of adopting the Pfizer Policy, the Proposal is excludable under Rule
14a-8(i)(10) because Pfizer has substantially implemented it.
2. To the Extent that the Proposal Relates to Senior Executives' Existing
Pension Benefits, Implementation of the Proposal Would Result in Pfizer
Violating Federal Law.
The Proposal states that it "shall apply to senior executives' existing pension
benefits only if they can be legally modified by the Company, and will otherwise
apply to all new pension benefits to the fullest extent permitted by law"
(emphasis added). The Pfizer Policy applies prospectively to all benefit
accruals after January 1, 2006, but not to "existing pension benefits." As
discussed below, it does not apply to existing pension benefits because to do so
would cause Pfizer to violate federal law and implicate the contractual rights
of Pfizer's Chairman and Chief Executive Officer under his employment agreement.
Thus, the Pfizer Policy substantially implements the Proposal, which
acknowledges that it may not be possible to legally modify existing pension
benefits.
Pfizer's senior executive officers receive pension benefits pursuant to the
Pfizer Inc. Nonfunded Supplemental Retirement Plan (the "Supplemental Plan").
See Exhibit C. The Supplemental Plan supplements benefits under the Pfizer
Retirement Annuity Plan (a tax-qualified retirement plan) that are reduced by
reason of the application of the limitations under Sections 401(a)(17) and 415
of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code"). The Supplemental
Plan is an unfunded "top-hat" plan (i.e., a plan that covers a select group of
management or highly compensated employees), and thus is exempt from most of the
substantive requirements of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974,
as amended ("ERISA").
The Supplemental Plan does not give Pfizer the right to amend the Plan. The only
reference to changes to the Supplemental Plan is in Section 5, which provides
that the Committee "may make non-substantive administrative changes to this Plan
so as to conform with or take advantage of governmental requirements, statutes
or regulations." As required by ERISA and the Code, the Retirement Annuity Plan
(i.e., the plan that the Supplemental Plan supplements) prohibits amendments
that would reduce benefits accrued through the date of amendment. While, as
noted above, top-hat plans are exempt from most of ERISA's substantive
requirements, they are not exempt from ERISA's civil enforcement provisions, as
well as Section 514 of ERISA, which generally preempts any state laws that "
"relate to" an employee benefit plan. Thus, ERISA provides the exclusive causes
of action with respect to top-hat plans, and state law breach of contract and
other causes of action are unavailable.
Courts have held that participants in top-hat plans have a cause of action under
ERISA to invalidate amendments that reduce previously accrued benefits. Applying
a unilateral contract theory, these courts have reasoned that an employee
"accepts" the employee's "offer" of benefits under the plan by providing
services to the employer, and the employer has no right to take away accrued
benefits absent a plan provision specifically permitting retroactive changes.1
Because the Supplemental Plan does not specifically reserve Pfizer's right to
amend the Plan to reduce previously accrued benefits (and, in fact, only allows
non-substantive amendments to comply with legal changes), a participant in the
Supplemental Plan could bring a lawsuit under Section 502(a)(1)(B) of ERISA (29
U.S.C. §1132(a)(1)(B)) challenging an amendment that attempted to retroactively
reduce benefit accruals, and we believe that such a participant would prevail.
Application of the Pfizer Policy to "existing pension benefits" also would
implicate the contractual rights of Pfizer's Chairman and Chief Executive
Officer, Dr. Henry (Hank) McKinnell, under his employment agreement. Dr.
McKinnell's employment agreement states that, absent his express written
consent, termination by Dr. McKinnell of his employment following any action by
Pfizer that "directly or indirectly materially reduce[s]" Dr. McKinnell's
pension benefits shall be considered termination by Dr. McKinnell for "good
reason." This could occur, for example, if Pfizer implemented the Proposal and
Pfizer's shareholders failed to approve a proposal to continue Dr. McKinnell's
annual pension benefit from Pfizer's supplemental executive retirement plans in
amounts exceeding 100 percent of his final average salary.
Thus, the Pfizer Policy substantially implements the Proposal because it applies
to all benefits accrued on or after January 1, 2006 and appropriately recognizes
(as permitted by the explicit language of the Proposal) that existing pension
benefits cannot be legally modified by the Company. For these reasons, we
believe that the Proposal is excludable under Rule 14a-8(i)(10).
CONCLUSION
Based upon the foregoing analysis, Pfizer respectfully requests that the Staff
of the Commission concur that it will take no action if Pfizer excludes the
Proposal from its 2006 Proxy Materials. We would be happy to provide you with
any additional information and answer any questions that you may have regarding
this subject. Should you disagree with the conclusions set forth in this letter,
we respectfully request the opportunity to confer with you prior to the
determination of the Staff's final position. If we can be of any further
assistance in this matter, please do not hesitate to call me at (212) 733-4802.
Sincerely,
/s/
Margaret M. Foran
Enclosures
cc: Brandon Rees, AFL-CIO Reserve Fund
-----FOOTNOTES-----
1 See, e.g., Goldstein v. Johnson & Johnson, 251 F.3d 433, 442 (3d Cir. 2001);
Pratt v. Petroleum Prod. Mgmt. Employee Sav. Plan, 920 F.2d 651, 661 (10th Cir.
1990); Black v. Breesee's Oneonta Department Store, Inc. Security Plan, 919
F.Supp. 597 (N.D.N.Y. 1996) (holding that the plaintiff was entitled to the
benefits promised under the plan); Kemmerer v. ICI Americas Inc., 70 F.3d 281
(1995), cert. denied, 517 U.S. 1209 (1996) (holding that the employer was
required to fulfill its end of the bargain by making payments consistent with
employees' elections and stating that "[s]ubsequent unilateral adoption of an
amendment which is then used to defeat or diminish the [employee's] fully vested
rights under the governing plan document is ... ineffective"); Carr v. First
Nationwide Bank, 816 F.Supp. 1476 (N.D. Cal. 1993) (holding that the policies
embodied in ERISA do not prohibit top-hat plan participants from enforcing their
plans as unilateral contracts that may not be amended without their consent).
[INQUIRY LETTER]
September 9, 2005
By Facsimile and UPS Next Day Air
Margaret M. Foran
Vice PresidentCorporate Governance and Secretary
Pfizer, Inc.
235 East 42nd Street
New York, NY 10017-5755
Dear Ms. Foran:
On behalf of the AFL-CIO Reserve Fund (the "Fund"), I write to give notice that
pursuant to the 2005 proxy statement of Pfizer, Inc. (the "Company"), the Fund
intends to present the attached proposal (the "Proposal") at the 2006 annual
meeting of shareholders (the "Annual Meeting"). The Fund requests that the
Company include the Proposal in the Company's proxy statement for the Annual
Meeting. The Fund is the beneficial owner of 4,520 shares of voting common stock
(the "Shares") of the Company, and has held the Shares for over one year. In
addition, the Fund intends to hold the Shares through the date on which the
Annual Meeting is held.
The Proposal is attached. I represent that the Fund or its agent intends to
appear in person or by proxy at the Annual Meeting to present the Proposal. I
declare that the Fund has no "material interest" other than that believed to be
shared by stockholders of the Company generally. Please direct all questions or
correspondence regarding the Proposal to Brandon Rees at (202) 637-3900.
Sincerely,
/s/
Richard L. Trumka
Enclosure
[APPENDIX]
Shareholder Proposal
RESOLVED: The shareholders of Pfizer Inc. (the "Company") urge the Board of
Directors (the "Board") to seek shareholder approval of any senior executive's
annual pension benefit from the Company's supplemental executive retirement
plans that will exceed 100 percent of the senior executive's final average
salary, as calculated at the Board's discretion. This policy shall apply to
senior executives' existing pension benefits only if they can be legally
modified by the Company, and will otherwise apply to all new pension benefits to
the fullest extent permitted by law.
Supporting Statement
We believe that executives should receive retirement benefits in the same
proportions that are generally offered to other employees of the Company. In our
opinion, pension plans are intended to provide senior executives and other
employees with retirement security, not as wealth creation vehicles for already
highly compensated executives.
The New York Times reported that Pfizer Chairman and CEO Henry McKinnell will
receive an estimated annual retirement benefit of $6.5 millionthe largest out
of 500 CEOs studied by the Corporate Library, an independent
corporate-governance research firm. ("The New Executive Bonanza: Retirement,"
New York Times, April 3, 2005). In contrast, Dr. McKinnell received
approximately $2.2 million in salary in 2004.
Unlike many companies' executive retirement plans that are calculated only using
cash compensation, Pfizer's executive pension benefit formula has also included
certain equity compensation awards that were established before 2001. In 2004,
Dr. McKinnell received over $5.8 million in stock awards that will be included
in his pension benefit formula.
Senior executives typically receive a far greater proportion of their
compensation in the form of variable pay and equity compensation. For this
reason, we believe including these forms of compensation in pension calculations
can disproportionately favor senior executives, and can amount to an
extraordinary retirement benefit.
Although Pfizer has stopped including new stock awards in its pension
calculations, we believe the pension benefits based on past awards should be
rescinded if they would result in an excessive pension benefit for senior
executives. To help ensure that pension benefits for senior executives are in
the best interests of shareholders, we believe such benefits should be submitted
for shareholder approval when they exceed 100 percent of a senior executive's
salary.
A study by Harvard Law School Professor Lucian Bebchuk has estimated that Dr.
McKinnell has received about $67 million in total compensation during his tenure
as Pfizer's CEO. In contrast, the study estimates the actuarial present value of
Dr. McKinnell's expected pension benefit to be approximately $71.5 to $83
million. ("Putting Executive Pensions on the Radar Screen," March 2005. Harvard
Law and Economics Discussion Paper No. 507.)
In our opinion, extraordinary executive retirement benefits undermine the goal
of linking pay to performance. According to Pfizer's 2005 proxy statement,
Pfizer slightly underperformed its competitors over the previous five-year
period. We believe that giving Dr. McKinnell an extraordinary pension benefit
will reward this unexceptional performance.
EXECUTIVE PENSION POLICY (December 2005)
RESOLVED, that the Board hereby approves the adoption of a policy relating to
the payment of pension benefits for senior executives, which shall read in its
entirety as follows:
Board Policy on Pension Benefits for Executives
The Board will seek shareholder approval prior to the payment to any senior
executive from the Company's defined benefit pension plans if his or her
benefit, computed as a single life annuity, will exceed 100% of the senior
executive's final average salary, as calculated at the discretion of the
Company's Compensation Committee. This policy will apply prospectively, for all
benefit accruals after January 1, 2006. For purposes of this policy, "final
average salary" means the average of the highest five calendar years' earnings,
where earnings includes salary earned during the year and annual cash incentives
(or bonus) earned for the year.
[INQUIRY LETTER]
December 27, 2005
VIA HAND DELIVERY
Office of Chief Counsel
Division of Corporation Finance
Securities and Exchange Commission
100 F Street, NE
Washington, DC 20549
Re: Supplemental Letter Regarding Shareholder Proposal of the AFL-CIO Reserve
Fund Securities Exchange Act of 1934Rule 14a-8
Dear Ladies and Gentlemen:
On December 16, 2005, Pfizer Inc. (the "Company") submitted a letter notifying
the staff of the Division of Corporation Finance (the "Staff") that the Company
intends to omit from its proxy statement and form of proxy for the Company's
2006 Annual Meeting of Shareholders a shareholder proposal (the "Proposal") and
a statement in support thereof received from the AFL-CIO Reserve Fund. The
Company's letter, a copy of which is attached hereto as Exhibit A, indicated the
Company's belief that the Proposal may be excluded under Rule 14a-8(i)(10)
because the Company has substantially implemented the Proposal.
The Company submits this letter to supplementally provide the Staff with a legal
opinion from Gibson Dunn & Crutcher LLP, the Company's counsel. See Exhibit B.
This opinion states that the Company has not retained the right to reduce
previously-accrued benefits under the Pfizer Inc. Nonfunded Supplemental
Retirement Plan, and a participant who brought a lawsuit challenging such an
amendment under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended,
would likely prevail. The Company believes that this legal opinion further
supports its conclusion that the Proposal is excludable under Rule 14a-8(i)(10),
because the Company has substantially implemented it. In this regard, the
Proposal specifically states that the policy it requests be adopted by the
Company's Board of Directors "shall apply to senior executives' existing pension
benefits only if they can be legally modified...." (emphasis added).
* * *
Pursuant to Rule 14a-8(j), enclosed herewith are six (6) copies of this
supplemental letter and its attachment. Also, in accordance with Rule 14a-8(j),
a copy of this supplemental letter and its attachments are being mailed on this
date to the Proponent. The Company hereby agrees to promptly forward to the
Proponent any Staff response to this no-action request that the Staff transmits
by facsimile to the Company only. If we can be of any further assistance in this
matter, please do not hesitate to call me at (212) 733-4802.
Sincerely,
/s/
Margaret M. Foran
Enclosures
cc: Brandon Rees, AFL-CIO Reserve Fund
[INQUIRY LETTER]
January 13, 2006
Office of Chief Counsel
Division of Corporate Finance
Securities and Exchange Commission
100 F Street, NE
Washington, DC 20549-9303
Re: Request by Pfizer Inc. to omit shareholder proposal submitted by AFL-CIO
Reserve Fund
Dear Sir/Madam:
I. Introduction
This letter is submitted in response to the claim of Pfizer Inc. ("Pfizer" or
the "Company") by letters dated December 16 and December 27, 2005, that it may
exclude the shareholder proposal of the AFL-CIO Reserve Fund from its 2006 proxy
materials. The Proposal urges
The Board of Directors (the "Board") to seek shareholder approval of any senior
executive's annual pension benefit from the Company's supplemental executive
retirement plans that will exceed 100 percent of the senior executive's final
average salary, as calculated at the Board's discretion. This policy shall apply
to senior executives' existing pension benefits only if they can be legally
modified by the Company, and will otherwise apply to all new pension benefits to
the fullest extent permitted by law. (See Exhibit 1).
Pfizer argues that the Proposal is excludable under Rule 14a-8(i)(10) because
the Company has substantially implemented the Proposal. On December 12, 2005,
Pfizer's Board of Directors approved a policy whereby
The Board will seek shareholder approval prior to the payment to any senior
executive from the Company's defined benefit pension plans if his or her
benefit, computed as a single life annuity, will exceed 100 percent of the
senior executive's final average salary, as calculated at the discretion of the
Company's Compensation Committee. This policy will apply prospectively, for all
benefit accruals after January 1, 2006. For purposes of this policy, "final
average salary" means the highest calendar years' earnings, where earnings
includes salary earned during the year and annual cash incentives (or bonus)
earned for the year. (See Exhibit 2).
In relying on 14a-8(i)(10), the Company has both mistakenly construed and failed
to substantially implement the Proposal.
II. Pfizer Has Failed to Demonstrate that the Proposal Has Been Substantially
Implemented
A. The Company's Recently Adopted Policy Differs in Several Important Respects
with the Proposal's Request
Under Rule 14a-8(g), "the burden is on the company to demonstrate that it is
entitled to exclude a proposal." Pfizer's Executive Pension Policy (the
"Policy") differs in several substantive respects with the AFL-CIO Reserve Fund
shareholder proposal (the "Proposal"). Notwithstanding Pfizer's insistence that
its Policy is identical to the Proposal, several notable dissimilarities
distinguish the two:
The definition of salary found in the Policy represents a substantial
departure from the settled definition relied on in the spirit of the Proposal.
In Pfizer's Policy, final average salary is defined as "salary earned during the
year and annual cash incentives (or bonus) earned for the year." (emphasis
added). Salary is not an ambiguous term, and the difference between the Proposal
and the Policy, which treats salary more like "compensation," is striking.
Salary as defined in Schedule 14A and set out in the Company's Proxy does not
include bonus or other annual cash incentives, while the American Heritage
Dictionary defines salary as "fixed compensation for services, paid to a person
on a regular basis." This difference in coverage and scope alone strongly
distinguish the two.
The Shareholder Proposal calls for application "to all new pension benefits to
the fullest extent permitted by law." (emphasis added). Pfizer's treatment of
salary as compensation substantially narrows the scope of the Policy and
contrasts with the Proposal's desire for robust oversight. For example, if the
Policy were executed to the "fullest extent permitted by law," it would not
allow new benefits to accrue until a senior executive's supplemental executive
retirement plan ("SERP")did not exceed 100 percent of their final average
salary.
The Company's Policy limits shareholder approval to the period of time "prior
to the payment to any senior executive," while the Proposal contains no such
timing clause.
B. Pfizer's Policy Lacks the Requisite Mechanical Detail Needed to Substantially
Implement the Proposal
The Company relies on the AutoNation Inc. no-action decision (February 16, 2005)
in arguing that the Pfizer Board substantially implemented the Proposal. Unlike
Pfizer, the AutoNation Policy "was effective immediately upon adoption." See id.
Even more important, AutoNation's efforts to resolve procedural and mechanical
questions starkly contrast with Pfizer's one paragraph Policy. The golden
parachute policy in AutoNation Inc. contained an extensive definition section
and noted
The Board adopted the Policy in the good faith exercise of its fiduciary duties
in accordance with applicable Delaware corporate law. The Policy, which has not
been revoked or changed in any manner since adoption, is set forth in the
AutoNation, Inc. Corporate Governance Guidelines, a copy of which is available
on the Company's corporate website. See id.
Pfizer has made no similar effort to publish its Policy, conform to its
fiduciary duty or applicable corporate law, nor incorporate the Policy into its
corporate governance framework.
The Company's Policy also fails to address any of the specific issues raised by
the Proposal. The mere adoption of a Policy should not be sufficient to
substantially implement a request for shareholder approval of both existing (if
they can be legally modified) and new pension benefits under the Company's SERP.
Pfizer has not published any information regarding the Policy's implementation,
and should not be permitted to use a future event that may not occur as a basis
for excluding the Proposal.
Indeed, the only materials which Pfizer offers to prove substantial
implementation are a brief Board Policy and legal opinion, neither of which
addresses numerous procedural and mechanical questions which remain unanswered:
How will the Policy affect the future accruals of Pfizer Chairman and CEO Hank
McKinnel's pension benefit? A study by Harvard Law School Professor Lucian
Bebchuk estimated that Dr. McKinnel has received about $67 million in total
compensation during his tenure as CEO, while his expected pension benefit was
valued at between $71.5 to $83 million. Given that Dr. McKinnel is expected to
remain as CEO until 2008, (See Wall Street Journal, "As Generics Pummel Its
Drugs, Pfizer Faces Uncertain Future, 1/5/06) how will the Board's adoption of
the Policy affect Dr. McKinnel?
Will the Company seek shareholder approval for Dr. McKinnel's benefit accruals
after January 1, 2006, as set out in the Policy?
If shareholders do not approve a senior executive's pension benefit above 100
percent, including Dr. McKinnel, will that employee's existing pension benefits
continue to accrue, or will they be modified or capped? Will the vote be binding
on the Board, or simply represent a precatory gauge of shareholder opinion?
How will shareholders enforce their right of approval, especially given the
current corporate governance environment? (See News Corporation litigation in
Delaware brought after Company reneged on agreement to let shareholders vote on
a takeover defense)
If, according to the Board Policy, approval will be sought "prior to the
payment to any senior executive," will shareholders vote in a special meeting,
or in some alternative manner?
What will the holding requirements be for shareholders who wish to vote on the
extraordinary pension benefit?
What vote standard will the Board use to ascertain shareholder approval?
(plurality, majority of votes cast, etc.)
A commitment to seek shareholder approval for extraordinary senior executive
pension benefits represents a serious, long-term corporate governance
undertaking, requiring extensive preparation and planning which goes far beyond
Pfizer's attempt at implementation. The questions raised above remain unanswered
and seriously undermine Pfizer's claim that the Proposal has been "substantially
implemented."
C. The Company's Efforts to Rush Out a Policy Mirror the Recent Cisco Decision
Fact Pattern
It is important to understand some of the events that preceded the no-action
request, with particular attention to the days leading up to the request. As
noted earlier, the Pfizer Board approved the Policy on December 12, 2005. Four
days later, the Company submitted its no-action request to the Commission.
Pfizer appears to have hastily put together an executive pension policy in the
days leading up to the no-action request in order to provide some basis for an
argument that the Proposal could be excluded under Rule 14a-8(i)(10). Although
the Company is certainly free to adopt policies and procedures whenever they see
fit, we believe that this last minute flurry of activity is not reflective of
the genuine thoughtful process required.
In Cisco Systems, Inc. (August 31, 2005) the Commission staff rejected the
Company's arguments that the proposal was properly excludable under
14a-8(i)(10). In maintaining that the proposal was not substantially
implemented, the Proponent argued that
Although the Company would appear to have a lot of paper to present for Staff's
review, it should be apparent that the Company has not had time for anything
that could reasonably be considered 'implementation.' In Proponents' view, the
Company did the bare minimum of activity it felt would pass muster under Rule
14a-8(i)(10). Proponents do not believe the Company has come close to carrying
that burden. See id.
In acting on a shareholder proposal which calls for extensive mechanical and
procedural steps in reaching implementation, Pfizer has similarly not met their
burden in establishing substantial implementation.
D. Other Precedent Cited by the Company is Easily Distinguished
Several other no-action letters cited by the Company are distinguishable from
the current case. In Intel Corp. (March 11, 2003), the Commission staff
explicitly noted Intel's "representation that none of the exceptions set forth
in the...Board Resolution shall permit Intel to adopt or amend an equity
compensation plan that would result in material potential dilution unless such
plan or amendment receives shareholder approval." In the current Proposal, no
similar procedural prerequisite limits Pfizer's ability to seek shareholder
approval.
The contrast between last year's Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. (March 17, 2005) decision
and the decade old Nordstrom case relied on by Pfizer are notable. The proposal
in Wal-Mart requested that the board adopt executive compensation policies and
practices reflected in the "Commonsense Executive Compensation Framework," (the
"Framework") set forth in the proposal. The Commission staff rejected Wal-Mart's
view that the proposal had been substantially implemented. Wal-Mart's attempt
mirrors Pfizer's eleventh-hour effort. Despite Wal-Mart's assertion that "its
compensation processes as described in its Proxy Materials substantially achieve
the objectives sought by the Proposal," serious, substantive differences existed
when contrasted with the Proponent's Framework.
III. Conclusion
For the reasons set forth above, we submit that Pfizer has failed to meet its
burden of demonstrating "that it is entitled" to exclude the Proposal (See Rule
14a-8 (g). In Proponents' view, the Company did the bare minimum of activity it
felt would pass muster under Rule 14a-8(i)(10). We do not believe the Company
has carried its burden. The request for no-action should be denied.
If you have any questions or need additional information, please do not hesitate
to call me at (202) 637-5379. I have enclosed six copies of this letter for the
staff, and am sending copies to counsel for the Company.
Very truly yours,
/s/
Daniel F. Pedrotty, Esq.
DFP/me
opeiu #2, afl-cio
cc: Margaret M. Foran, Pfizer Amy Goodman, Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher LLP
[INQUIRY LETTER]
January 24, 2006
VIA HAND DELIVERY
Office of Chief Counsel
Division of Corporation Finance
Securities and Exchange Commission
100 F Street, NE
Washington, DC 20549
Re: Second Supplemental Letter Regarding Shareholder Proposal of the AFL-CIO
Reserve Fund Securities Exchange Act of 1934Rule 14a-8
Dear Ladies and Gentlemen:
On December 16, 2005, Pfizer Inc. (the "Company") submitted a letter notifying
the staff of the Division of Corporation Finance (the "Staff") that the Company
intends to omit from its proxy statement and form of proxy for the Company's
2006 Annual Meeting of Shareholders a shareholder proposal (the "Proposal") and
a statement in support thereof (the "Supporting Statement") received from the
AFL-CIO Reserve Fund (the "Proponent"). The Company's letter, a copy of which is
attached hereto as Exhibit A (the "Company Letter"), indicated the Company's
belief that the Proposal may be excluded under Rule 14a-8(i)(10) because the
Company has substantially implemented the Proposal. The Company subsequently
submitted a supplemental letter, a copy of which is attached hereto as Exhibit
B, that included a legal opinion from Gibson Dunn & Crutcher LLP, the Company's
counsel, indicating that the Company has not retained the right to reduce
previously-accrued benefits under the Pfizer Inc. Nonfunded Supplemental
Retirement Plan (the "Supplemental Plan"). We write supplementally to respond to
correspondence dated January 13, 2006 from the Proponent regarding the Proposal
(the "Response").
The Proposal requires shareholder approval of supplemental retirement benefits
"that will exceed 100 percent of the senior executive's final average salary, as
calculated at the Board's discretion." In Paragraph II(A) of the Response, the
Proponent alleges that the Company's recently-adopted policy regarding
retirement benefits (the "Policy") differs in several important respects from
the Proposal. First, the Proponent asserts that the Proposal' formulation refers
only to base salary. In this regard, the attached letter to the Company from
Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher LLP (Exhibit C) states that "final average salary" as
defined in most retirement plans typically includes bonus and other amounts in
addition to base salary, and that it is unusual for tax-qualified retirement
plans and plans that supplement benefits under those plans to take into account
only base salary. Specifically, the Company's retirement plans have always taken
bonuses into account in determining benefits thereunder. Since at least July 1,
1943, the Pfizer Retirement Annuity Plan (the plan that the Supplemental Plan
supplements) has treated bonuses as compensation. See Exhibit D (Section 8). In
addition, since its implementation in 1965, the Pfizer Savings Plan has
continued this approach and has taken into account bonuses as well as base pay
and other items. See Exhibit E (Section II(H), which defines "Regular Earnings"
to include base pay and bonuses). Thus, in this regard, the Policy is consistent
with industry practice as well as the longstanding terms of the Company's
retirement plans. In fact, it is consistent with the AFL-CIO's own description
of supplemental retirement plans:
Supplemental Executive Retirement Plans (SERPs) give executives an
employer-provided retirement benefit, often by using a traditional
defined-benefit pension formula. Usually these plans provide a certain
percentage of an executive's highest average compensation, payable annually for
life.
http://www.aflcio.org/corporatewatch/paywatch/retirementsecurity/case sprint.cfm
(emphasis added).
Second, the Proponent asserts that the Policy limits shareholder approval to the
period of time prior to payment while the Proposal contains no such timing
clause. We do not understand the Proponent's concern. Under the Policy, when
shareholder approval is required, no payments can be made until such approval is
obtained. The Policy is actually more favorable to shareholders than the
Proposal, because if shareholder approval were not obtained before payments were
made, the Company might have to try to obtain repayment of benefits when the
executive may no longer have the money.
Further, in Paragraph II(B) of the Response, the Proponent alleges that the
Policy lacks the requisite mechanical detail needed to substantially implement
the Proposal. In doing so, the Proponent introduces a number of issues and
requests in the Response that were not included in the Proposal or the
Supporting Statement. First, the Proponent asserts that the Company has not
published the Policy. Though the Proponent did not request in the Proposal or
Supporting Statement that the Company publish the Proposal, the Company has made
the Policy available on the Corporate Governance subsection of its corporate
website and may be found at http://www.pfizer.com/pfizer/are/mn investors
corporate pension.jsp. Second, the Proponent asserts that the Company, unlike
the company in the Autonation Inc. (avail. Feb. 16, 2005) precedent that it
cites, has not stated that the Board adopted the Policy as a "good faith
exercise of its fiduciary duties." Such a statement is not necessary, as the
fiduciary duties of directors under Delaware law apply to the Board of Directors
regardless of whether such duties are stated in the Policy. Third, the Proponent
raises issues relating to voting thresholds, requirements and venue with respect
to the shareholder vote required under the Policy. Neither the Proposal nor the
Supporting Statement requested that the Board follow specific guidelines when it
seeks shareholder approval under the Policy. Requirements for shareholder
approval are set forth in the Company's by-laws.
In addition, the Proponent asserts that certain items requested by the Proposal
were not adequately addressed in the Policy adopted by the Board of Directors.
Specifically, the Proponent asserts that the Policy does not address how the
Policy will address future accruals of Dr. Henry McKinnell's pension benefits
and whether the Company will seek shareholder approval for Dr. McKinnell's
benefit accruals after January 1, 2006. This is not the case. The Policy, on its
face and as published on the Company's website, obligates the Board of Directors
to seek shareholder approval for all benefit accruals after January 1, 2006 in
excess of 100 percent of final average salary made with respect to a senior
executive officer, which includes Dr. McKinnell. Moreover, the Proponent asserts
that the Policy does not provide guidance in the event that shareholders do not
approve a benefit accrual for Dr. McKinnell. As discussed above, under the
Policy, no payments of pension benefits in excess of 100 percent of his final
average salary can be made to Dr. McKinnell, or any senior executive officer,
until shareholder approval is obtained.
In Paragraphs II(C) and II(D) of the Response, the Proponent cites to precedent
that the Company believes is inapplicable to the Proposal. The Proponent's
reliance on the no-action letters issued to Cisco Systems, Inc. (avail. Aug. 31,
2005), Intel Corp. (avail. Mar. 11, 2003) and Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. (avail. Mar.
17, 2005) is inappropriate because the situations underlying these no-action
letters differ significantly from the situation at hand. In each instance, the
company argued that it had substantially implemented a proposal that it had
adopted either incompletely (Cisco Systems and Wal-Mart) or with exceptions
(Intel). As set forth in more detail in the Company Letter, the Policy adopted
by the Board compares favorably to the Proposal and does not contain any
exceptions to the matters requested in the Proposal.
Thus, for the reasons set forth above and in Exhibit A, Pfizer believes that the
Policy substantially implements the Proposal and that the Proposal may therefore
be omitted from Pfizer's proxy materials under Rule 14a-8(i)(10).
***
Pursuant to Rule 14a-8(j), enclosed herewith are six (6) copies of this
supplemental letter and its attachment. Also, in accordance with Rule 14a-8(j),
a copy of this supplemental letter and its attachments are being mailed on this
date to the Proponent. The Company hereby agrees to promptly forward to the
Proponent any Staff response to this no-action request that the Staff transmits
by facsimile to the Company only. If we can be of any further assistance in this
matter, please do not hesitate to call me at (212) 733-4802.
Sincerely,
/s/
Margaret M. Foran
Enclosures
cc: Brandon Rees, AFL-CIO Reserve Fund
[STAFF REPLY LETTER]
February 8, 2006
Response of the Office of Chief Counsel Division of Corporation Finance
Re: Pfizer Inc. Incoming letter dated December 16, 2005
The proposal requests that the board seek shareholder approval for annual
pension benefits from Pfizer's supplemental executive retirement plan for senior
executives that exceed 100 percent of the senior executive's final average
salary.
We are unable to concur in your view that Pfizer may exclude the proposal under
rule 14a-8(i)(10). Accordingly, we do not believe that Pfizer may omit the
proposal from its proxy materials in reliance on rule 14a-8(i)(10).
Sincerely,
/s/
Timothy A. Geishecker
Attorney-Adviser
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