Company Name: Fortune Brands Inc.
Public Availability Date: January 12, 2004
Document Sections:
INQUIRY LETTER
INQUIRY LETTER
INQUIRY LETTER
INQUIRY LETTER
INQUIRY LETTER
INQUIRY LETTER
INQUIRY LETTER
INQUIRY LETTER
STAFF REPLY LETTER
[INQUIRY LETTER]
November 24, 2003
Securities and Exchange Commission
Office of Chief Counsel
Division of Corporation Finance
450 Fifth Street, N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20549
Re: Fortune Brands, Inc. Stockholder Proposal of Nick Rossi/John Chevedden
Ladies and Gentlemen:
Fortune Brands, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the "Company"), has received a
stockholder proposal and supporting statement (the "2004 Proposal"), which is
attached to this letter as Exhibit A, from its stockholder Mr Nick Rossi, who
names John Chevedden as proxy for all matters relating to the Proposal
(collectively, the "Proponents") for inclusion in the Company's proxy materials
for its 2004 Annual Meeting of Stockholders (the "2004 Proxy Materials").
The Company intends to omit the 2004 Proposal from the 2004 Proxy Materials. The
Company requests that the staff of the Division of Corporation Finance (the
"Staff") confirm that it will not recommend enforcement action if the Company
omits the 2004 Proposal from its 2004 Proxy Materials in reliance on Rule
14a-8(h)(3) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
We also request that the Staff confirm that it will not recommend enforcement
action against the Company should it omit any stockholder proposal filed by Mr.
Nick Rossi for inclusion in the Company's proxy materials for its 2005 Annual
Meeting of Stockholders. Pursuant to Rule 14a-8(j)(2), filed herewith are six
copies of this letter including the Exhibits.
I. Failure to Attend the Company's 2003 Annual Meeting
The 2004 Proposal requests that the Company's Board of Directors "... seek
shareholder approval ... for the adoption, maintenance or extension of any
current or future poison pill." The Company had also received from Mr. Nick
Rossi, for inclusion in its proxy materials for the Company's 2003 Annual
Meeting of Stockholders, a substantially similar stockholder proposal (the "2003
Proposal") which is attached as Exhibit B. In connection with his submission of
the 2003 Proposal to the Company, Mr. Rossi stated:
"This is the proxy for Mr. John Chevedden and/or his designee to act on my
behalf in stockholder matters, including this shareholder proposal for the
forthcoming shareholder meeting before, during and after the forthcoming
shareholder meeting. Please direct all future communication to Mr. John
Chevedden."
The 2003 Proposal was included in the Company's proxy materials for its 2003
Annual Meeting of Stockholders.
On March 25, 2003, the Company sent a letter (via certified mail, return receipt
requested) to the Proponents advising them that their representative must be
identified in writing by April 29, 2003 in order for the proposal to be voted
on. Neither of the Proponents advised the Company that a representative would be
sent to the meeting. A copy of the March 25, 2003 letter and the return receipts
executed by the Proponents are attached as Exhibit C. The Company's 2003 Annual
Meeting of Stockholders was held in Lincolnshire, Illinois at 1:30 p.m. (CDT) on
April 29, 2003 which was the time and place designated in the Company's 2003
Notice of Annual Meeting and Proxy Statement. Neither Mr. Rossi nor Mr.
Chevedden attended the meeting. Furthermore, there was no qualified, authorized
representative of the Proponents, who had been identified by the Proponents to
the Company, in attendance at the meeting to present the 2003 Proposal. In the
absence of the Proponents or a qualified, authorized representative, the
Chairman permitted another stockholder attending the meeting to move the 2003
Proposal which was then voted upon. The other stockholder claimed that he had
met Mr. Chevedden at the Boeing stockholders' meeting in Chicago on the day
before the Company's Annual Meeting and had discussed with Mr. Chevedden making
a motion at the Company's Annual Meeting in order to introduce the Proposal. The
stockholder was unable, however, to present any written or other evidence that
the Proponents had designated him as an authorized representative.
On May 6, 2003, the Company sent a second letter to the Proponents advising them
that it had not received a designation of an authorized representative to make
the proposal "for the second straight year." The letter also advised the
proponents that the Company allowed a stockholder to move the Proponents'
proposal. A copy of the May 6, 2003 letter is attached as Exhibit D. Neither Mr.
Chevedden nor Mr. Rossi communicated, orally or in writing, with the Company
before or after the 2003 Annual Meeting of Stockholders and neither of the
Proponents informed the Company of the reasons for his failure to attend the
2003 Annual Meeting or why he did not designate and send a qualified
representative.
II. Reasons for Omission
The Company believes that it may omit the 2004 Proposal from its 2004 Proxy
Materials under Rule 14a-8(h)(3) because the Proponent submitted the 2003
Proposal that the Company included in its 2003. Proxy Materials and, without
good cause, neither the Proponents nor their representative appeared at the
Company's 2003 Annual Meeting to present the 2003 Proposal. Rule 14a-8(h)(3)
further states:
"... [i]f you [the stockholder proponent] or your qualified representative fail
to appear and present the proposal, without good cause, the company will be
permitted to exclude all of your proposals from its proxy materials for any
meetings held in the following two calendar years." *
The Staff has consistently taken the position that failure by a proponent or the
proponent's qualified representative to present a proposal is grounds for
exclusion of that proponent's proposals for the following two calendar years.
See Fleet Boston Financial Corp. (available January 3, 2002); Burlington
Northern Santa Fe Corporation (available December 27, 2002); Safeway Inc.
(available March 7, 2002); Masco Corporation (available March 20, 2001). The
Staff has further stated that this defect cannot be cured by the fact that the
proposal was presented at the meeting by an unrelated attendee and was voted on
by the stockholders. See Raytheon Company (available January 22, 2003); Eastman
Chemical Company (available February 27, 2001); Entergy Corporation (February 9,
2001). Section 212(c) of the Delaware General Corporation Law provides a list of
means by which a stockholder may authorize another person to act on his behalf
and each of the means requires some sort of written evidence (which could
include an electronic proxy). None of this evidence was presented to the Company
by the Proponents or the person attending the meeting that the Company permitted
to make the Proposal. Thus, there was no "qualified representative" under state
law to present the Proposal. The Company would have no way of knowing whether an
attendee at its stockholders' meeting is a qualified authorized representative
unless the representative was identified by the Proponents prior to the meeting
or the representative has some written authorization from the Proponents.
Rule 14a-8(h)(3) clearly states that a proponent's failure to appear without
good cause is an adequate ground to exclude "all proposals" from such proponent
from its proxy material for "any meeting held in the following two calendar
years." (Emphasis added) Mr. Nick Rossi is highly experienced at making
stockholder proposals, having submitted numerous proposals to various companies
over a period of many years. See, for example, Maytag Corporation (available
March 5, 2003); 3M Company (available January 28, 2003); Moore Corporation
(available April 3, 2002); PG&E Corporation (available March 1, 2002). Mr. Rossi
should be well aware of the 14a-8(h) rules requiring presentation of all such
stockholder proposals at a registrant's annual meeting.
III. Conclusion
Because of the failure of the Proponents or any qualified representative to
appear at the Company's 2003 Annual Meeting of Stockholders to present the 2003
Proposal, the 2004 Proposal may be excluded under Rule 14a-8(h)(3). We
respectively request that the Staff agree that it will not recommend any
enforcement action if the 2004 Proposal is omitted from the Company's 2004 Proxy
Materials and if the Company omits any proposal by Mr. Nick Rossi from its 2004
Proxy Material and its proxy materials for its 2005 Annual Meeting of
Stockholders. We are notifying the Proponents by transmitting a copy of this
letter to them.
Please contact the undersigned at (212) 408-5371 if you have any questions or
comments. Thank you for your attention to this request.
Very truly yours,
/s/
Edward P. Smith
cc: Mr. Nick Rossi
Mr. John Chevedden
-----FOOTNOTES-----
* Following the guidance provided by the Staff in its answer to Question C.6.c
posed in Staff Legal Bulletin No. 14, the Company did not, and was not required
to, provide the Proponents with a notice of procedural defect within 14 days of
receiving the proposal "because the [Proponents] cannot remedy this defect after
the fact."
[INQUIRY LETTER]
December 15, 2003
Securities and Exchange Commission
Office of Chief Counsel
Division of Corporation Finance
450 Fifth Street, N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20549
Re: Fortune Brands, Inc. Stockholder Proposal of Nick Rossi/John Chevedden
Ladies and Gentlemen:
Reference is made to our letter, dated November 24, 2003, requesting the
confirmation of the staff of the Division of Corporation Finance that it will
not recommend enforcement action if Fortune Brands, Inc., a Delaware corporation
(the "Company"), omits a stockholder proposal from Messrs. Nick Rossi and John
Chevedden from the proxy materials for its 2004 Annual Meeting of Stockholders
(as well as any proposal from the same proponent for the Company's 2005 Annual
Meeting of Stockholders).
The Company intends to omit the proposal in reliance on Rule 14a-8(h)(3) as
Messrs. Rossi and Chevedden had made a stockholder proposal for the Company's
2003 Annual Meeting of Stockholders and neither Mr. Rossi, Mr. Chevedden nor
their "representative who is qualified under state law" attended the 2003 Annual
Meeting to present the proposal.
In support of our request, attached is the legal opinion of Richards, Layton &
Finger, Delaware counsel to the Company, that Messrs. Rossi and Chevedden did
not have a "representative who is qualified" under Delaware law present their
proposal at the 2003 Annual Meeting.
Please supplement our no-action request with this letter.
Very truly yours,
/s/
Edward P. Smith
VIA FEDERAL EXPRESS
cc: Mr. Nick Rossi
Mr. John Chevedden
[INQUIRY LETTER]
January 6, 2004
Securities and Exchange Commission
Office of Chief Counsel
Division of Corporation Finance
450 Fifth Street, N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20549
Re: Fortune Brands, Inc. Stockholder Proposal of Nick Rossi/John Chevedden
Ladies and Gentlemen:
Reference is made to our letter, dated November 24, 2003, requesting the
confirmation of the staff of the Division of Corporation Finance that it will
not recommend enforcement action if Fortune Brands, Inc., a Delaware corporation
(the "Company"), omits a stockholder proposal from Messrs. Nick Rossi and John
Chevedden from the proxy materials for its 2004 Annual Meeting of Stockholders
(as well as any proposal from the same proponent for the Company's 2005 Annual
Meeting of Stockholders).
Our request on behalf of the Company is made in reliance on Rule 14a-8(h)(3) as
Messrs. Rossi and Chevedden had made a stockholder proposal for the Company's
2003 Annual Meeting of Stockholders and neither Mr. Rossi, Mr. Chevedden nor
their "representative who is qualified under state law" attended the 2003 Annual
Meeting to present the proposal. By letter dated December 15, 2003, we submitted
in support of our request the legal opinion of Richards, Layton & Finger,
Delaware counsel to the Company, that Messrs. Rossi and Chevedden did not have a
"representative who is qualified" under Delaware law present their proposal at
the 2003 Annual Meeting.
The Company has now received the December 12, 2003 letter from Mr. Chevedden
(copy attached) objecting to our "no-action" request. We are responding to Mr.
Chevedden's letter.
Background
Messrs. Rossi and Chevedden submitted a proposal for the Company's 2003 Annual
Meeting which is substantially similar to the proposal that they have submitted
for the Company's 2004 Annual Meeting. The 2003 proposal was included in the
Company's proxy materials for its 2003 Annual Meeting.
On March 25, 2003, the Company sent a letter by certified mail, return receipt
requested, to Messrs. Rossi and Chevedden advising them that "[i]n order for
[their] proposal to be voted on, he or his authorized representative must be
present at the meeting to present the proposal and move that it be adopted." The
March 25, 2003 letter also set forth the requirement that if proponent "chooses
to be represented, his representative must be identified by name in writing" to
the Secretary of the Company by April 29, 2003. This March 25, 2003 letter is
attached to our November 24, 2003 "no-action" request. Neither Mr. Rossi nor Mr.
Chevedden responded to the Company's letter regarding the identification of
their authorized representative.
The 2003 Annual Meeting was held on April 29, 2003 at the time and place
designated in the notice of meeting. Neither Mr. Rossi nor Mr. Chevedden
attended the 2003 Annual Meeting and there was no person identified by them to
the Company in attendance at the 2003 Annual Meeting to present the 2003
proposal. In the absence of Mr. Rossi, Mr. Chevedden or a previously identified
representative of them, the Chairman of the meeting allowed another stockholder,
Mr. Martin Glotzer, to move the 2003 proposal which was then voted on. Mr.
Glotzer stated that he had met Mr. Chevedden on the day before the 2003 Annual
Meeting and had discussed with Mr. Chevedden making the motion at the 2003
Annual Meeting to introduce the 2003 proposal. Mr. Glotzer, however, did not
present any written or other evidence that either Mr. Rossi or Mr. Chevedden had
designated him as an authorized representative to introduce their 2003 proposal.
After the 2003 Annual Meeting, the Company sent a letter on May 6, 2003 to
Messrs. Rossi and Chevedden advising them that the Company had not received a
designation of an authorized representative "to make the proposal" on their
behalf. The letter also advised Messrs. Rossi and Chevedden that, although
neither of them attended the 2003 Annual Meeting and although neither of them
had designated an authorized representative, the Company allowed another
stockholder to introduce the 2003 proposal.
Mr. Chevedden's December 12, 2003 Letter
There are two points in Mr. Chevedden's December 12, 2003 letter to which the
Company desires to respond. Contrary to Mr. Chevedden's impression, the Company
does not seek "... a 3-year stockholder penalty ..." or wish to "... reverse its
previous acceptance of an annual meeting presentation ..." The Company does not
seek to reverse the proceedings at its 2003 Annual Meeting but to exclude
proposals by the proponent for its 2004 and 2005 Annual Meetings in reliance on
Rule 14a-8(h)(3) because of the failure of Messrs. Rossi and Chevedden to attend
the Company's 2003 Annual Meeting or to properly inform the Company of a
"representative who is qualified under state law to present the proposal."
Also, contrary to Mr. Chevedden's letter that the Company's May 6, 2003 letter
"did not seek any further clarification of Mr. Glotzer's authorization", the May
6, 2003 letter stated that "... neither of you attended the Company's Annual
Meeting dated April 29, 2003 to present [the proposal], nor did either of you
designate an authorized representative to make the proposal on your behalf ..."
Failure of Proponent to Attend Stockholder Meeting or Designate Qualified
Representative
Neither Mr. Rossi nor Mr. Chevedden attended the Company's 2003 Annual Meeting
to introduce their proposal. The March 25, 2003 letter to them from the Company
Secretary clearly specified the requirement that "[i]f Mr. Rossi chooses to be
represented, his representative must be identified by name in writing. This
identification must be provided to me prior to April 29, 2003." Neither Mr.
Rossi nor Mr. Chevedden complied with this requirement of notifying the Company
prior to April 29, 2003 (the date of the 2003 Annual Meeting) of their
representative designated to present the proposal. Nor did Mr. Glotzer have any
written authority from them.
Neither did Messrs. Rossi or Chevedden respond to the May 6, 2003 letter from
the Company Secretary to them confirming that they did not "designate an
authorized representative to make the proposal on your behalf." It was not until
receipt by the Company of Mr. Chevedden's December 12, 2003 letter to the Staff
objecting to our "no-action" request that the proponents have advised the
Company that Mr. Chevedden had talked to Mr. Glotzer about making the proposal.
The discussions between Mr. Chevedden and Mr. Glotzer are not relevant unless
Mr. Rossi or Mr. Chevedden informed the Company prior to the meeting of Mr.
Glotzer's designation or Mr. Glotzer presented written authorization from the
proponents at the 2003 Annual Meeting. Messrs. Rossi and Chevedden did not
comply with the Annual Meeting requirement for notifying the Company of a
designation of a representative on or prior to the date of the 2003 Annual
Meeting as set forth in the Company's March 25, 2003 letter to them. The Company
would have no way of knowing whether an attendee at its stockholders' meeting is
a qualified authorized representative unless the representative was identified
by the proponents prior to the meeting or the representative has some written
authorization from the proponents.
Failure to Designate Representative Qualified Under State Law
Rule 14a-8(h)(1) provides that "[e]ither you, or your representative who is
qualified under state law to present the proposal on your behalf, must attend
the meeting to present the proposal. Whether you attend the meeting yourself or
send a qualified representative to the meeting in your place, you should make
sure that you, or your representative, follow the proper state law procedures
for attending the meeting and/or presenting your proposal." (emphasis added)
References to "you" in Rule 14a-8(h) are to the proponent of the stockholder
proposal.
The issue of whether a representative is "qualified" is therefore a matter of
Delaware state law. Please refer to our December 15, 2003 letter to the Staff
attaching the opinion of Richards, Layton & Finger, Delaware counsel to the
Company, that the person (Mr. Glotzer) who was permitted to introduce the
Rossi/Chevedden proposal at the 2003 Annual Meeting was not qualified under the
laws of the State of Delaware to present their proposal. Staff Legal Bulletin 14
states:
"Companies should provide a supporting opinion of counsel when the reasons for
exclusion are based on matters of state of foreign law. In determining how much
weight to afford these opinions, one factor we consider is whether counsel is
licensed to practice law in the jurisdiction where the law is at issue."
Conclusion
Because of the failure of Messrs. Rossi or Chevedden or any representative
qualified under state law to appear at the Company's 2003 Annual Meeting to
present the Rossi/Chevedden stockholder proposal, their 2004 proposal may be
excluded under Rule 14a-8(h)(3). We respectfully request that the Staff agree
that it will not recommend enforcement action if the 2004 proposal from Messrs.
Rossi and Chevedden is omitted from the Company's 2004 proxy materials and if
the Company omits any proposal by Mr. Nick Rossi from its proxy materials for
its 2005 Annual Meeting of Stockholders.
We are filing six copies of this letter pursuant to Rule 14a-8(j)(2) and
notifying Messrs. Rossi and Chevedden by transmitting a copy of this letter to
them.
Please contact the undersigned at (212) 408-5371 if you have any questions or
comments. Thank you for your attention to this request.
Very truly yours,
/s/
Edward P. Smith
cc: Mr. Nick Rossi
Mr. John Chevedden
3Shareholder Input on a Poison Pill
RESOLVED: Shareholders request that our Directors increase shareholder voting
rights and submit the adoption, maintenance or extension of any poison pill to a
shareholder vote. Also once this proposal is adopted, dilution or removal of
this proposal is requested to be submitted to a shareholder vote at the earliest
possible shareholder election. Directors have discretion to set the earliest
election date and in responding to shareholder votes.
We as shareholders voted in support of this topic:
Year..........Rate of Support
2002..........65%
2003..........63%
This percentage is based on yes and no votes cast. I believe this level of
shareholder support is more impressive because the 63% support followed our
Directors' objection to the proposal. I believe that there is a greater tendency
for shareholders, who more closely follow our company, to vote in favor of this
proposal topic. I do not see how our Directors object to this proposal because
it gives our Directors the flexibly to override our shareholder vote if our
Directors seriously believes they have a good reason. This topic also won an
overall 60% yes-vote at 79 companies in 2003.
Nick Rossi, P.O. Box 249, Boonville, Calif. 95415 submitted this proposal.
Shareholders' Central Role
Putting poison pills to a vote is a way of affirming the central role that
shareholders should play in the life of a corporation. An anti-democratic scheme
to flood the market with diluted stock is not a reason that a tender offer for
our stock should fail.
Source: The Motley Fool
The key negative of poison pills is that pills can preserve management deadwood
instead of protecting investors.
Source: Moringstar.com
The Potential of a Tender Offer Can Motivate Our Directors
Hectoring directors to act more independently is a poor substitute for the
bracing possibility that shareholders could turn on a dime and sell the company
out from under its present management.
Wall Street Journal, Feb. 24, 2003
Akin to a Dictator
Poison pills are akin to a dictator who says, "Give up more of your freedom and
I'll take care of you.
"Performance is the greatest defense against getting taken over. Ultimately if
you perform well you remain independent, because your stock price stays up."
Source: T.J. Dermot Dunphy, CEO of Sealed Air (NYSE) for more than 25 years
I believe our board may be tempted to partially implement this proposal to gain
points in the new corporate governance scoring systems. I do not believe that a
token response, which could still allow our directors to give us a poison pill
on short notice, would be a substitute for complete implementation.
Council of Institutional Investors Recommendation
The Council of Institutional Investors www.cii.org, an organization of 130
pension funds investing $2 trillion, called for shareholder approval of poison
pills. Based on the 60% overall yes-vote in 2003 many shareholders believe
companies should allow their shareholders a vote.
Notes:
The above format is the format submitted and intended for publication.
Please advise if there is any typographical question.
The company is requested to assign a proposal number (represented by "3" above)
based on the chronological order in which proposals are submitted. The requested
designation of "3" or higher number allows for ratification of auditors to be
item 2.
References:
The Motley Fool, June 13, 1997
Moringstar.com, Aug. 15, 2003
Mr. Dunphy's statements are from The Wall Street Journal, April 28, 1999.
IRRC Corporate Governance Bulletin, JuneSept. 2003
Council of Institutional Investors, Corporate Governance Policies, March 25,
2002
Please advise within 14 days if the company requests help to locate these or
other references.
[INQUIRY LETTER]
December 12, 2003
Fortune Brands, Inc.
300 Tower Parkway
Lincolnshire, Illinois 60069
Ladies and Gentlemen:
We have acted as special Delaware counsel to Fortune Brands, Inc., a Delaware
corporation (the "Company"), in connection with a proposal (the "2004 Proposal")
submitted by Mr. Nick Rossi ("Proponent") which Proponent intends to present at
the 2004 annual meeting of the stockholders of the Company (the "2004 Annual
Meeting"). In this connection, you have requested our opinion as to certain
matters of Delaware law.
For the purpose of rendering our opinion as stated herein, we have been
furnished and have reviewed the following documents:
(i) the composite Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Company, which
you advise and we assume gives effect to all amendments through the date hereof
and constitutes the certificate of incorporation of the Company as currently in
effect (the "Certificate of Incorporation");
(ii) the Bylaws of the Company, which you advise and we assume give effect to
all amendments through the date hereof and constitute the bylaws of the Company
as currently in effect (the "Bylaws");
(iii) the 2004 Proposal;
(iv) the proposal submitted by Proponent for inclusion in the Company's proxy
materials for the 2003 Annual Meeting of Stockholders (the "2003 Proposal");
(v) the letter, dated March 25, 2003, from Mark A. Roche, Senior Vice President,
General Counsel and Secretary of the Company, addressed to Proponent and Mr.
John Chevedden; and
(vi) the letter, dated May 6, 2003, from Mark A. Roche, Senior Vice President,
General Counsel and Secretary of the Company, addressed to Proponent and Mr John
Chevedden.
With respect to the foregoing documents, we have assumed: (a) the genuineness of
all signatures, and the incumbency, authority, legal right and power and legal
capacity under all applicable laws and regulations, of the officers and other
persons and entities signing each of said documents as or on behalf of the
parties thereto; (b) the conformity to authentic originals of the Certificate of
Incorporation and Bylaws; and (c) that the foregoing documents, in the forms
submitted to us for our review, have not been and will not be altered or amended
in any respect material to our opinion as expressed herein. For the purpose of
rendering our opinion as expressed herein, we have not reviewed any document
other than the documents set forth above, and, except as set forth in this
opinion, we assume there exists no provision of any such other document that
bears upon or is inconsistent with our opinion as expressed herein. We have
conducted no independent factual investigation of our own, but rather have
relied solely upon the foregoing documents, the statements and information set
forth therein, and the additional matters recited or assumed herein, all of
which we assume to be true, complete and accurate in all material respects.
BACKGROUND
Proponent submitted the 2003 Proposal, which is substantially similar to the
2004 Proposal, for inclusion in the Company's proxy materials for the Company's
2003 Annual Meeting of Stockholders (the "2003 Annual Meeting"). In connection
with the submission of the 2003 Proposal, Proponent stated:
"This is a proxy for Mr. John Chevedden and/or his designee to act on my behalf
in stockholder matters, including this shareholder proposal for the forthcoming
shareholder meeting before, during and after the forthcoming meeting. Please
direct future communications to Mr. John Chevedden."
The 2003 Proposal was included in the Company's proxy materials for the 2003
Annual Meeting.
On March 25, 2003, the Company sent a letter via certified mail, return receipt
requested, to Proponent and Mr. Chevedden advising them that "[i]n order for
[Proponent's] proposal to be voted on, he or his authorized representative must
be present at the meeting to present the proposal and move that it be adopted."
1 The March 25, 2003 letter also stated that if Proponent "chooses to be
represented, his representative must be identified by name in writing" to the
Company by April 29, 2003. Proponent and Mr. Chevedden did not respond to the
Company's letter requesting the identification of their authorized
representative.
The 2003 Annual Meeting was held on April 29, 2003 at the time and place
designated in the notice of meeting. Neither Proponent nor Mr. Chevedden
attended the 2003 Annual Meeting and there was no person identified by Proponent
or Mr. Chevedden to the Company in attendance at the 2003 Annual Meeting to
present the 2003 Proposal. In the absence of Proponent, Mr. Chevedden or an
identified representative of Proponent or Mr. Chevedden, the Chairman of the
meeting allowed another stockholder (the "Stockholder") to move the 2003
Proposal which was then voted upon. The Stockholder claimed that he had met Mr.
Chevedden on the day before the 2003 Annual Meeting and had discussed with Mr.
Chevedden making the motion at the 2003 Annual Meeting to introduce the 2003
Proposal. The Stockholder, however, did not present any written or other
evidence that the Proponent or Mr. Chevedden had designated him as an authorized
representative to introduce the 2003 Proposal.
On May 6, 2003, the Company sent a second letter to Proponent and Mr. Chevedden
advising them that the Company had not received a designation of an authorized
representative "to make the proposal for the second straight year." The letter
also advised Proponent and Mr. Chevedden that, although neither of them attended
the 2003 Annual Meeting and although neither of them had designated an
authorized representative, the Company allowed the Stockholder to move the 2003
Proposal. Neither Proponent nor Mr. Chevedden communicated with the Company,
orally or in writing, before or after the 2003 Annual Meeting and neither
informed the Company of the reasons for his absence at the 2003 Annual Meeting
or why he failed to designate in writing a qualified representative.
The Company is proposing to omit the 2004 Proposal from its proxy materials for
the 2004 Annual Meeting under Rule 14a-8(h)(3) promulgated under the Act. Rule
14a-8(h)(3) provides that "[i]f you or your qualified representative fail to
appear and present the proposal, without good cause, the company will be
permitted to exclude all of your proposals from its proxy materials for any
meetings held in the following two calendar years." In this connection, you have
requested our opinion as to whether the Stockholder constituted a
"representative who is qualified" under the laws of the State of Delaware to
present the 2003 Proposal on Proponent's behalf.
DISCUSSION
We are not aware of any case under Delaware law directly addressing who
constitutes a "qualified representative" to present a proposal under Rule
14a-8(h) at a meeting of stockholders of a Delaware corporation. In our view,
however, the only person qualified under Delaware law to present a proposal on
behalf of another stockholder is the bearer of a valid proxy. For the reasons
set forth below, it is our view that the purported oral communications between
Mr. Chevedden and the Stockholder do not meet the requirements under Delaware
law for an enforceable proxy and, therefore, that the Stockholder was not a
qualified representative of Proponent under Delaware law authorized to present
the 2003 Proposal on Proponent's behalf at the 2003 Annual Meeting.
I. AUTHORIZING PERSONS TO ACT ON BEHALF OF A STOCKHOLDER UNDER DELAWARE LAW.
Section 212 ("Section 212") of the General Corporation Law of the State of
Delaware (the "General Corporation Law") addresses a stockholder's right to
authorize another person (or persons) to act for such stockholder at a meeting
of stockholders. Specifically, Section 212(b) provides, in pertinent part, that:
Each stockholder entitled to vote at a meeting of stockholders or to express
consent or dissent to corporate action in writing without a meeting may
authorize another person or persons to act for such stockholder by proxy, but no
such proxy shall be voted or acted upon after 3 years from its date, unless the
proxy provides for a longer period.
8 Del. C. 212(b) (emphasis added). Thus, under Section 212(b), "a stockholder
has the right not to attend a meeting and be represented at that meeting by
giving a general or limited proxy to vote those shares." State of Wisconsin Inv.
Bd. v. Peerless Sys. Corp., C.A. No. 17637, slip op. at 38 & n.73 (Del. Ch. Dec.
4, 2000) (emphasis added); Berlin v. Emerald Partners,
552 A.2d 482, 493 (Del.
1989).
A. Exclusivity of Proxies.
Section 212(b) prescribes no other means by which a stockholder may be
represented at a meeting other than by proxy. It is well-settled under Delaware
law that words excluded from a statute must be presumed to have been excluded
for a purpose. In re Adoption of Swanson, 623 A.2d 1095, 1097 (Del. 1992) ("A
court may not engraft upon a statute language which has been clearly excluded
therefrom"). "[The] role [of] judges is limited to applying the statute
objectively and not revising it." Fidelity & Deposit Co. v. State of Delaware
Dep't of Admin. Serv., 830 A.2d 1224, 1228 (Del. Ch. 2003). Since the
legislature did not provide for any other means by which a stockholder could
authorize another person to act for such stockholder, it must be concluded that
a proxy is the only means by which a stockholder can authorize another person to
act for him.
The exclusivity of a proxy as the means for a stockholder to authorize another
person to act on his behalf is supported by language found elsewhere in the
General Corporation Law. There are a number of provisions of the General
Corporation Law that provide for a non-exhaustive means by which a stockholder
(or a corporation) can take action by using the following language: "[w]ithout
limiting the manner in which [or by which]...." See 8 Del. C. 212(c)
(addressing the non-exhaustive means by which a stockholder may authorize a
person or persons to act as his proxy); 8 Del. C. 232(a) (addressing the
non-exhaustive means by which a corporation may give notice to stockholders by
means of electronic communication); 8 Del. C. 233(a) (addressing the
non-exhaustive means by which a corporation may give notice to stockholders who
share an address). Section 212(b) does not contain the non-exclusive language
contained in Sections 212(c), 232(a) and 233(a). "Where the legislature has
carefully employed a term [or phrase] in one place and excluded it in another,
it should not be implied where excluded." 2A Norman J. Singer, Statutes
Statutory Construction 46.06, at 194 (2000) (hereinafter, "Singer"); accord
State v. Hollobaugh, 297 A.2d 395, 397 (Del. Super. 1972). Thus, the rules of
statutory construction confirm that the only way in which a stockholder can
authorize another to act on his behalf at a meeting of stockholders is by proxy.
Accordingly, in our view a valid proxy is the only means by which a stockholder
may authorize another person or persons to act for such stockholder at a meeting
of stockholders under Delaware law and, unless Mr. Chevedden's purported oral
communications to the Stockholder created an enforceable proxy under Delaware
law, the Stockholder did not possess the authority under Delaware law to present
the 2003 Proposal on Proponent's behalf at the 2003 Annual Meeting.2
B. Validity of Proxies Under Delaware Law.
It is implicit in Section 212 that a proxy must be evidenced by a writing. This
is consistent with Delaware cases and commentary addressing the common law
requirements for the creation of an enforceable proxy under Delaware law which
assume (or state in dicta) that a proxy must be evidenced by a writing in order
to be enforceable under Delaware law. In addition, these same authorities
confirm that in order for a proxy to create the agency relationship necessary to
support the finding of an enforceable proxy, a proxy must bear some indication
of authenticity. Since Mr. Chevedden's purported oral communications to the
Stockholder were not reduced to written form and lack the fundamental indicia of
authenticity needed to support the validity of a proxy under Delaware law, in
our view such purported communications did not create an enforceable proxy under
Delaware law.
1. Proxy Must Be A Writing.
(a) Statutory Requirements.
The various provisions of the General Corporation Law dealing with proxies, when
read together,3 support the conclusion that in order for a proxy to be
enforceable the proxy must be evidenced by something that constitutes a writing
or is reducible to a writing upon receipt, such as an electronic transmission.
Thus, while Section 212(b), quoted above, does not itself state that a proxy
must be evidenced by a writing, a court would look to other provisions of the
General Corporation Law in order to determine the meaning of Section 212. The
other subsections of Section 212 confirm that a written instrument (or its
equivalent) is required for a valid proxy.
While Section 212(c) provides a non-exhaustive list of means by which a
stockholder may authorize another person to act for such stockholder by proxy,
the language of Section 212(c), read in its totality, suggests that a proxy must
be in writing or its equivalent. Section 212(c)(1) provides that a valid proxy
may include "a writing authorizing another person or persons to act for such
stockholder as proxy," while Section 212(c)(2) provides that a valid proxy may
include an electronic transmission, such as a telegram or cablegram, that is
reducible to a writing. 8 Del. C. 212(c) (emphasis added). In order for a proxy
to be valid under Section 212(c)(2), the "telegram, cablegram or other means of
electronic transmission must either set forth or be submitted with information
from which it can be determined that the telegram, cablegram or other electronic
transmission was authorized by the stockholder." 8 Del. C. 212 (c)(2) (emphasis
added). The underscored language confirms that the means of communication set
forth therein are not oral communications, but rather electronic transmissions
which can "be directly reproduced in paper form." 8 Del. C. 232(c).
This reading of Section 212(c) is further supported by language found in
Sections 212(d) and 212(e). Section 212(d) provides:
Any copy, facsimile telecommunication or other reliable reproduction of the
writing or transmission created pursuant to subsection (c) of this section may
be substituted or used in lieu of the original writing or transmission for any
and all purposes for which the original writing or transmission could be used,
provided that such copy, facsimile telecommunication or other reproduction shall
be a complete reproduction of the entire original writing or transmission.
8 Del. C. 212(d) (emphasis added). Section 212(d) clearly contemplates that a
writing or transmission is created by Section 212(c). Further, Section 212(e)
provides that "[a] duly executed proxy shall be irrevocable if it states that it
is irrevocable and if ... it is coupled with an interest." 8 Del. C. 212(e)
(emphasis added). The underscored language indicates that a proxy must be
evidenced by a written instrument or its electronic equivalent since something
that is executed usually refers to "a document [] that has been signed." Blacks
Law Dictionary at 589 (7th ed. 1999).
(b) Common Law Requirements.
A finding that a proxy must be evidenced by a writing is also consistent with
Delaware common law. We are not aware of any Delaware case that has recognized
an oral communication alone as giving rise to a valid proxy; indeed, we are
aware of no Delaware case which has recognized anything other than a writing or
electronic transmission as constituting a valid proxy.
Delaware courts have repeatedly assumed (or stated in dicta) that a proxy must
be in writing in order to evidence the agency relationship necessary to support
the enforceability of a proxy. See, e.g., Parshalle v. Roy, 567 A.2d 19, 27
(Del. Ch. 1989) ("A "proxy" or "proxy card" is merely written evidence of an
agency relationship in which a principal (the shareholder of record entitled to
vote) authorizes an agent (the person designated on the proxy card) to vote the
principal's shares with respect to the matters and in the manner specified in
the proxy."); Concord Fin. Group, Inc. v. Tri-State Motor Transit Co., 567 A.2d
1, 13 (Del. Ch. 1989) (stating that "Delaware law requires a proxy to contain
language which appoints someone to act on behalf of the stockholder"); Duffy v.
Loft, Inc., 151 A. 223, 227 (Del. Ch. 1930), aff'd, 152 A. 849 (Del. 1930) ("The
paper writing which we call a proxy is ... evidence of relationship."); Labato
v. Health Concepts IV, Inc., 606 A.2d 1343, 1347 (Del. Ch. 1991) (citing Concord
and Duffy, describing proxies as "paper writing" and "document"); Eliason v.
Englehart, C.A. No. 16242, slip op. at 13 (Del. Ch. Oct 29, 1998), rev'd on
other grounds, 733 A.2d 944 (Del. 1999) ("To qualify as a proxy, an instrument
must appoint a person to vote the identified shares, and must include an
indication of authenticity, such as a signature.") (emphasis added).
The views of learned commentators confirm the conclusion that a proxy must be
evidenced by a writing in order to be enforceable under Delaware law. See, e.g.,
1 Rodman Wards, Jr. et al., Folk of the Delaware General Corporation Law,
212.41, at GCL-VII-35 (4th ed. 2003-1 Supp.) ("In order to qualify as a proxy,
a document must merely appoint someone to vote the shares and include some
indication of authenticity, such as a signature.") (emphasis added); David A.
Drexler et al., 2 Delaware Corporation Law & Practice, 25.09, at 25-18 (2002)
(finding that the term "proxy" is "generally applied to the writing which
evidences the designation of [] [an] agent."); 1 R. Franklin Balotti & Jesse A.
Finkelstein, The Delaware Law of Corporations & Business Organizations 7.19, at
7-36 (3d ed. 2003 Supp.) ("Although no particular form of proxy is required by
Delaware law, to be effective as a proxy, a document must identify the shares
that are to be voted by the agent and include some indication of authenticity,
such as the stockholder's signature or a facsimile of the signature.") (emphasis
added and citations omitted);4 William M. Fletcher, Fletcher Cyclopedia of the
Law of Private Corporations 2049.10, at 229 (Perm. Ed. 1996) (finding that the
term proxy is "used to refer to the instrument or paper that is evidence of the
authority of the agent and also to the agent or proxy holder who is authorized
to vote.") (emphasis added); Henry Winthrop Ballantine, Ballantine on
Corporations, 178, at 407 (Rev. ed. 1946) (same). Thus, these authorities
confirm the view that a proxy must be evidenced by a written instrument (or
electronic equivalent) in order to be enforceable under Delaware law.
2. Indicia of Authenticity.
In addition, for a proxy to be valid, the writing (or its equivalent) must have
certain attributes of authenticity. For example, in Parshalle, the Delaware
Court of Chancery addressed the use of datagram proxies that had been solicited
over the phone by Telecommunications Industries Inc. ("TII") on behalf of
Realist, Inc. ("Realist") in connection with Realist's annual meeting of
stockholders. TII solicited proxies from stockholders of Realist by providing
the stockholders with a toll-free number that they could call to register their
votes. TII operators would ask the callers a series of questions designed to
elicit (i) the caller's voting instructions, (ii) the stockholders' name,
address, city, state, zip code and telephone number, (iii) the number of shares
being voted, and (iv) whether the shares were being voted by an individual or a
corporation. That information was then converted into a "proxy format" and
delivered to the corporation.
The Court held that the particular datagram proxies solicited (but not datagram
proxies in general) were invalid because in order "to be accepted as valid
evidence of an agency relationship, the proxy must evidence that relationship in
some authentic genuine way." Id. at 26. "The authenticity and genuineness of a
proxy are normally established by the stockholder affixing his signature on the
proxy, either in writing, or by a signature stamp or facsimile." Id. at 27. This
is so because placing one's signature on a legal document is regarded as the
most deliberate, conscious way that a person may show his intent to consent to,
and be bound by, the terms of that document and acts as evidence that the
stockholder agreed to create the agency relationship described therein. Id. The
datagrams contained no such identifying mark. The Court further found that, even
if it could consider evidence of authenticity other than the datagram itself:
TII did not employ procedures that would have enabled them or anyone else to
verify that a person who called the toll- free number to cast a vote on behalf
of a particular shareholder was, in fact, the record shareholder or someone
authorized to act on his behalf. The limited identifying information given by
the caller to TII's operator was available from sources other than the record
stockholder. Such information could be obtained from the Realist shareholders'
list, which was made available to representatives of both sides. TII's operators
did not telephone the shareholders to confirm the callers identities, and TII's
telephone records did not identify the source of the toll-free calls. Finally,
TII did not utilize procedures that would minimize or avoid the risk that a
datagram might not accurately reflect the caller's intentions.
Id. at 28. Thus, there was no evidence by which the Court could find that the
voting instructions "originated only from the stockholder principal ... ." Id.
at 27.5 See also Eliason v. Englehart, 733 A.2d 944, 946 (Del. 1999) (stating
that a proxy must "include some indication of authenticity, such as the
stockholder's signature or a facsimile of the signature."); Lobato, 606 A.2d at
1347 (finding that in order "to qualify as a proxy, the document must appoint
someone to vote the shares, and it must include some indication of authenticity,
such as a signature") (citation omitted).6
A proxy must therefore evidence the agency relationship between the stockholder
and his representative in some authentic, genuine way. Parshalle, 567 A.2d at
27. ("Because a proxy serves to enable a shareholder to cast his vote through a
surrogate without being physically present himself at the stockholders' meeting,
the integrity of the entire proxy voting procedure necessarily and implicitly
rests upon the premise that the agency relationship is genuine and,
correlatively, that the proxy instrument accurately and reliably evidences that
relationship."); see also 8 Del. C. 212(c)(2) (requiring that "any such
telegram, cablegram or other means of electronic transmission must either set
forth or be submitted with information from which it can be determined that the
telegram, cablegram or other electronic transmission was authorized by the
stockholder.").
II. STOCKHOLDER IS NOT AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF PROPONENT OR MR.
CHEVEDDEN.
By virtue of the Company's March 25, 2003 letter, both Proponent and Mr.
Chevedden were on notice that "[i]n order for [Proponent's] proposal to be voted
on, he or his authorized representative must be present at the meeting to
present the proposal and move that it be adopted" and that, if Proponent chose
to be represented at the 2003 Annual Meeting, Proponent's representative had to
"be identified by name in writing" to the Company by April 29, 2003. Neither
Proponent nor Mr. Chevedden responded to the Company's request that they
identify in writing the person who would represent Proponent at the 2003 Annual
Meeting and neither attended the 2003 Annual Meeting. At the 2003 Annual
Meeting, the Stockholder did not present a writing indicating that he was the
representative of Proponent or the designee of Mr. Chevedden. According to the
Stockholder, the day before the 2003 Annual Meeting, he spoke with Mr. Chevedden
about introducing the 2003 Proposal. If Mr. Chevedden spoke with the Stockholder
and intended to have the Stockholder act as his designee to introduce the 2003
Proposal, Mr. Chevedden could have easily provided the Stockholder with a
written proxy authorizing him to do so. Mr. Chevedden, however, apparently did
not provide the Stockholder with such a writing, even though Mr. Chevedden was
on notice, by the March 25, 2003 letter, that such a writing would be necessary.
The purported oral communications between the person who purported to be Mr.
Chevedden and the Stockholder did not, in our view, bear the necessary indicia
of authenticity or genuineness necessary under Delaware law to establish the
agency relationship evidenced by a proxy. The Company at the 2003 Annual Meeting
could not verify the authenticity of the agency relationship based upon the
purported oral communications between Mr. Chevedden and the Stockholder. Like
the inspectors in Parshalle, the Company had no way of verifying that the person
who the Stockholder believed to be Mr. Chevedden was in fact Mr. Chevedden. See,
e.g., Parshalle, 567 A.2d at 27.7
CONCLUSION
Based upon and subject to the foregoing, and subject to the assumptions,
limitations, exceptions and qualifications set forth herein, it is our opinion
that the Stockholder did not constitute a "representative who is qualified"
under the laws of the State of Delaware to present the 2003 Proposal on
Proponent's behalf at the 2003 Annual Meeting.
The foregoing opinion is limited to the General Corporation Law. We have not
considered and express no opinion on any other laws or the laws of any other
state or jurisdiction, including federal laws regulating securities or any other
federal laws, or the rules and regulations of stock exchanges or of any other
regulatory body.
The foregoing opinion is rendered solely for your benefit in connection with the
matters addressed herein. We understand that you may furnish a copy of this
letter to the Securities and Exchange Commission in connection with the matters
addressed herein and we consent to your doing so. Except as stated in this
paragraph, this letter and the opinion expressed herein may not be relied upon
by you for any other purpose or be furnished or quoted to, or be relied upon by,
any other person or entity for any purpose.
Very truly yours,
/s/
DAB/BVF/LXS/YB
-----FOOTNOTES-----
1 Rule 14a-8(h)(1) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as
amended (the "Act"), provides that "[e]ither you, or your representative who is
qualified under state law to present the proposal on your behalf, must attend
the meeting to present the proposal. Whether you attend the meeting yourself or
send a qualified representative to the meeting in your place, you should make
sure that you, or your representative, follow the proper state law procedures
for attending the meeting and/or presenting your proposal." (emphasis added).
References to "you" in Rule 14a-8(h) are to the proponent of the stockholder
proposal.
2 We note that it could be argued that Section 217 of the General Corporation
Law provides a limited exception to the requirement of a proxy because it
provides, in part, that "[p]ersons holding stock in a fiduciary capacity shall
be entitled to vote the shares so held" and provides further that in certain
circumstances pledgees of shares can vote the pledged shares. 8 Del. C. 217(a).
Section 217 is distinguishable from Section 212. First, Section 217 generally
deals with fiduciaries, such as executors and guardians, whose right to vote
shares is supported by some documentation. See, e.g., Gow v. Consol. Coppermines
Corp., 165 A. 136 (Del. Ch. 1933). Second, under Section 217, a pledgee can only
vote the pledged shares where there is a proper notation in writing in the
records of the corporation. In both instances, therefore, there is some
documentation that authorizes the fiduciary or pledgee to vote. See infra
Section I.B.1. In any event, the Stockholder is neither a fiduciary nor a
pledgee and, therefore, Section 217 is not applicable to this situation.
3 The rules of statutory construction confirm that different provisions of the
General Corporation Law must be construed together in order to discern the
meaning of any particular provision of the General Corporation Law. See, e.g.,
Grimes v. Alteon, Inc., 804 A.2d 256, 261 (Del. 2002) (stating that the
different provisions of the General Corporation Law will be construed together
in order to discern the meaning of any particular section); Second Nat'l Bldg. &
Loan, Inc. v. Sussex Trust Co., 508 A.2d 902, 905 (Del. Super. 1985) (stating
that "a statute should be read and construed as a whole within the context of
the entire legislative scheme."); Singer, 46.05, at 154 ("A statute is passed
as a whole and not in parts or sections and is animated by one general purpose
and intent. Consequently, each part or section [of a statute] should be
construed in connection with every other part or section so as to produce a
harmonious whole.").
4 Messrs. Balotti and Finkelstein are directors of Richards, Layton & Finger,
P.A.
5 In response to Parshalle, Section 212 was amended specifically to permit
telegrams, cablegrams or other means of electronic transmissions, so long as
such telegram, cablegram or electronic transmission is submitted with
information sufficient to determine its authenticity.
6 Indeed, a signature or signature equivalent may be the only means by which a
datagram could be authenticated since Section 212(e) requires that a proxy be
"executed." See Carey v. Pennsylvania Enters. Inc., 876 F.2d 333, 342 (3d Cir.
1989) (finding that a signature (or signature equivalent) are the only possible
or permissible indicia of genuineness and authenticity where Pennsylvania's
corporation statute expressly required that a proxy be "executed." 15 Pa. Stat.
1504 (2003)); see also supra Section I.B.1.
7 The Bylaws also support the conclusion that only a proxy may act on behalf of
a stockholder of the Company and that the proxy relationship must be evidenced
by a writing. See Bylaws, Article II, Section 10 ("At any meeting of
stockholders a stock vote shall be taken on any resolution or other matter
presented to the meeting for action if so ordered by the person presiding over
the meeting or on the demand of any stockholder of record entitled to vote at
the meeting or any person present holding a proxy for such a stockholder.")
(emphasis added); Bylaws, Article II, Section 6 ("Any voting proxy given by a
stockholder must be in writing, executed by the stockholder, or, in lieu
thereof, to the extent permitted by law, may be transmitted in a telegram,
cablegram or other means of electronic transmission setting forth or submitted
with information from which it can be determined that the telegram, cablegram or
other electronic transmission was authorized by the stockholder.").
[INQUIRY LETTER]
December 3, 2003
6 Copies
Office of Chief Counsel
Division of Corporation Finance
Securities and Exchange Commission
Mail Stop 0402
450 Fifth Street, NW
Washington, DC 20549
Fortune Brands, Inc. (FO)
Initial response to Chadbourne & Parke LLP No Action Request of November 24
Further response under preparation
Nick Rossi
Ladies and Gentlemen:
The information the company provided prior to November 24, 2003 appears
consistent with a qualified presentation of a rule 14a-8 shareholder proposal.
The presenter, Martin Glotzer was given prior authorization by the undersigned
to present the shareholder proposal at the Fortune Brands, Inc. annual meeting.
The presentation was made by Mr. Glotzer and the company accepted the
presentation at the annual meeting.
Mr. Glotzer is a well-known qualified presenter of shareholder proposals at
major companies in the Chicago area.
The company's annual meeting was in the Chicago area.
The Chairman of the company, Mr. Norman Wesley knows Mr. Glotzer.
The presenter, Martin Glotzer talked to the undersigned at two shareholder
meetings of the Boeing Company in April 2002 and April 2003.
The company reported the voting results to the Securities and Exchange
Commission in its August 14, 2003 10-Q. It was reported in exactly the manner in
which properly presented proposal are reported:
(iv) A proposal (designated Item 4 and set forth in Registrant's Proxy
Statement), from a stockholder, Nick Rossi, relating to the Registrant's rights
plan, was approved by a majority of the combined votes cast by the holders of
Registrant's Common Stock and $2.67 Convertible Preferred Stock voting
thereon;66,950,583 affirmative votes; 39,376,514 negative votes; and 2,539,005
votes abstained.
The company provided no transcript of the annual meeting to support its claims.
Starting on November 24, 2003 the company appears to claim that it can withhold
the presentation which the company accepted on April 29, 2003. The company filed
the voting results thereof with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August
14, 2003. The voting results were filed without any qualification challenging
the proposal presentation.
The company failed to provide any annotated prior case where an authorized
qualified presenter presented a shareholder proposal at the annual meeting with
the company's consent and the proposal was determined not presented.
Additional information will follow.
Sincerely,
/s/
John Chevedden
cc:
Nick Rossi
Norman Wesley
[INQUIRY LETTER]
December 12, 2003
Via Airbill
6 Copies
7th copy for date-stamp return
Office of Chief Counsel
Division of Corporation Finance
Securities and Exchange Commission
Mail Stop 0402
450 Fifth Street, NW
Washington, DC 20549
Fortune Brands, Inc. (FO)
Initial response to Chadbourne & Parke LLP No Action Request of November 24
"Buyers-Remorse" no action request
sCompany request for 3-year penalty for shareholder
Nick Rossi
Ladies and gentlemen:
This responds to the company no action request which apparently asks for a
3-year shareholder penalty based on a company claim seven months later that the
company wishes to reverse its previous acceptance of an annual meeting
presentation reported in a 10-K filing.
The company failed to provide any recording, transcript or transcript-excerpt
from its annual, meeting in the seven months since the annual meeting to support
its claim.
The undersigned authorized Mr. Martin Glotzer to present the 2003 proposal at
the company annual meeting. I do not believe that the company is specifically
contesting that the undersigned authorized Mr. Glotzer or that the undersigned
had authority from Mr. Nick Rossi to authorize Mr. Glotzer.
A number of acts by the company after the meeting presentation appear to be a
company ratification of the presentation. The May 6, 2003 company letter
reporting the voting results did not seek any further clarification of Mr.
Glotzer's authorization. Contrary to the company claim this letter did not ask
for response.
This appears to be a "buyers-remorse" no action request after the company gave
every sign of accepting the vote and the presentation from April 29, 2003
through November 24, 2003 - seven months.
The company did not say that after the presentation it notified those present
that there was a potential disqualification of the presentation. The company did
not say that it talked to Mr. Glotzer after the meeting to further confirm his
authority.
The company failed to note that DGCL 212 states (italics added): "Without
limiting the manner in which a stockholder may authorize anther person or
persons to act for such stockholder as proxy ...
The company cites no precedent with the same circumstances:
1) A well-know qualified presenter made the presentation.
2) The presenter had prior authorization.
3) The company reported the voting results leading shareholders to believe there
was a proper presentation.
Mr. Glotzer presented proposals for the undersigned prior to the Fortune annual
meeting. Contrary to the company claim, Mr. Glotzer is not an "unrelated
attendee".
The information the company provided prior to November 24, 2003 appears
consistent with a qualified presentation of a rule 14a-8 shareholder proposal.
The presenter, Martin Glotzer was given prior authorization by the undersigned
to present the shareholder proposal at the Fortune Brands, Inc. annual meeting.
The presentation was made by Mr. Glotzer and the company accepted the
presentation at the annual meeting.
Mr. Glotzer is a well-known qualified presenter of shareholder proposals at
major companies in the Chicago area.
The company's annual meeting was in the Chicago area.
The Chairman of the company, Mr. Norman Wesley knows Mr. Glotzer.
The presenter, Martin Glotzer talked to the undersigned at two shareholder
meetings of the Boeing Company in April 2002 and April 2003.
The company reported the voting results to the Securities and Exchange
Commission in its August 14, 2003 10-Q. It was reported in exactly the manner in
which properly presented proposal are reported with no disqualification
whatsoever:
(iv) A proposal (designated Item 4 and set forth in Registrant's Proxy
Statement), from a stockholder, Nick Rossi, relating to the Registrant's rights
plan, was approved by a majority of the combined votes cast by the holders of
Registrant's Common Stock and $2.67 Convertible Preferred Stock voting
thereon:66,950,583 affirmative votes; 39,376,514 negative votes; and 2,539,005
votes abstained.
The company failed to provide any recording, transcript or transcript-excerpt
from its annual meeting in the seven months since the annual meeting to support
its claim.
Contrary to the company laundry list of cases the company failed to provide any
annotated prior case where an authorized qualified presenter presented a
shareholder proposal at the annual meeting with the company's consent and the
proposal was determined not presented and a 3-year penalty applied.
I do not believe the company has met its burden of proving its allegations.
For the above reasons this is to respectfully request non-concurrence with the
company no action request.
Sincerely,
/s/
John Chevedden
cc:
Nick Rossi
Norman Wesley
[INQUIRY LETTER]
December 27, 2003
Via Airbill
6 Copies
7th copy for date-stamp return
Office of Chief Counsel
Division of Corporation Finance
Securities and Exchange Commission
Mail Stop 0402
450 Fifth Street, NW
Washington, DC 20549
Initial Response to Richards, Layton & Finger Opinion of December 12 (Forwarded
on December 15)
After earlier response to Chadbourne & Parke LLP No Action Request of November
24
Re: Chadbourne & Parke LLP request for 3-year penalty for shareholder
Fortune Brands, Inc. (FO)
Nick Rossi
Ladies and Gentlemen:
The above Richards, Layton & Finger Opinion 12-page opinion was forwarded
21-days after the company initiation no action request. Due to the length of
opinion and its delay, if the opinion is to be considered by the Staff then
December 15, 2003 should be considered the submittal date of the company no
action request. The company has not given any statement that its delayed no
action request is timely submitted. Thus it may be untimely submitted and not
qualified for consideration by the Staff. This is to respectfully ask for such
determination.
There will be a further detailed response addressing the December 12 (December
15) papers forwarded 21-days after the initial no action request.
Sincerely,
/s/
John Chevedden
cc:
Nick Rossi
Norman Wesley
[INQUIRY LETTER]
January 2, 2004
Via Airbill
6 Copies
7th copy for date-stamp return
Office of Chief Counsel
Division of Corporation Finance
Securities and Exchange Commission
Mail Stop 0402
450 Fifth Street, NW
Washington, DC 20549
Response to Richards, Layton & Finger Opinion of December 12 (Forwarded on
December 15)
After earlier response to Chadbourne & Parke LLP No Action Request of November
24
Re: Chadbourne & Parke LLP request for 3-year penalty for shareholder
Fortune Brands, Inc. (FO)
Nick Rossi
Ladies and Gentlemen:
The above Richards, Layton & Finger Opinion 12-page opinion was forwarded
21-days after the company initiation no action request. Due to the length of
opinion and its delay, if the opinion is to be considered by the Staff then
December 15, 2003 should be considered the submittal date of the company no
action request. The company has not given any statement that its delayed no
action request is timely submitted. Thus it may be untimely submitted and not
qualified for consideration by the Staff. This is to respectfully ask for such
determination. The opinion position is that the only means by which a
stockholder may authorize another person to act for such stockholder is by
written proxy.
In DGCL section titled "Voting rights of stockholders" it seem that the primary
burden of proof is that a "Voting rights of stockholders" section has
application to presenting a proposal at the annual meeting. In a potential red
flag the vast majority of the 12-page text addresses other matters.
The opinion cites no instance where a rule 14a-8 shareholder proposal
presentation has been determined not presented and a 3-year penalty imposed on
the proponent on the issue of a writing when:
1) There was no other issue subject to question.
2) The proxy requirement was waived at the annual meeting.
3) The vote on the proposal was reported to the Securities and Exchange
Commission.
The opinion is addressed to a presentation but is replete with attention to
voting:
1) "In order to qualify as a proxy, document must merely appoint someone to vote
the shares and include some indication of authentic such as a signature."
2) "... to be effective as a proxy, a document must identify the shares that are
to be voted by the agent and include some indication of authenticity, such as
the stockholder's signature or a facsimile of the signature."
The proposal presenter, Mr. Martin Glotzer did not cast a ballot at the annual
meeting.
The opinion does not attempt to show any margin of confidence in its conclusion
by stating that the opinion could be extended one-inch beyond what it covers.
For instance would the opinion prevent a person, acting for a shareholder and
without a writing, from delivering ballots to an annual meeting at the time
ballots were called for.
In another example, would the opinion prevent a person, without a writing and
acting for a shareholder, from physically assisting a person delegated to ask a
question at an annual meeting, who needed mobility assistance or translation
assistance (language or hearing).
Thus could a company waive a purported mandatory proxy for a person to
physically assist a person delegated to ask a question on behalf of a
shareholder at an annual meeting, then revoke this waiver after the meeting. And
thereby omit a question asked and a responding management answer, later judged
controversial, from a transcript of the annual meeting.
Would the company then be within its rights to waive a purported mandatory proxy
for a person assisting the mobility of a speaker for a shareholder and then
revoke the waiver in the middle of the meeting. And follow this with an order to
security to eject the assisting person when the speaker needed to go to the
rest-room. This would be a powerful deterrent for this person or any such
challenged person from ever attending another annual meeting.
Could the company then disrupt the annual meeting by waiving a purported
mandatory proxy for a translator and then have four security officers surround
and eject the translator when the speaker for the proponent was in mid-sentence.
Would the basis of this opinion also prevent a FedEx delivery of box of ballots
to the annual meeting because FedEx does not normally complete their routes with
formal proxies from the senders.
The opinion arguments do not seem to warrant the conclusions. The opinion seems
to be dependent on one shaky-conclusion layered upon another:
1) Since there is no other means provideda proxy is the only means.
2) "Accordingly, in our view a valid proxy is the only means by which a
stockholder any authorize another person or person to act for such stockholder a
meeting of stockholders ...."
The opinion addresses DGCL 212 which is titled "voting rights of stockholders."
Voting rights is not the issue in this rule 14a-8 proposal submittal. The issue
concerns the presentation of the shareholder proposal at the company 2003 annual
meeting. The company reported the vote to the Securities and Exchange Commission
and appears to have led all shareholders to believe that the proposal was
properly presented until the present time with the exception of Mr. Rossi. This
person presenting the proposal did not vote at the meeting.
The opinion is replete with unequivocal text except on the key point of applying
this DGCL section to a presentation at an annual meeting.
I do not believe the company has met its burden of proof obligation according to
rule 14a-8.
For the above reasons this is to respectfully request non-concurrence with the
company no action request as untimely and in the alternative on substance.
Sincerely,
/s/
John Chevedden
cc:
Nick Rossi
Norman Wesley
[STAFF REPLY LETTER]
January 12, 2004
Response of the Office of Chief Counsel Division of Corporation Finance
Re: Fortune Brands Inc. Incoming letter dated November 24, 2003
The proposal relates to poison pills.
We are unable to conclude that Fortune Brands has met its burden of establishing
that the proposal may be excluded in reliance on rule 14a-8(h)(3). Accordingly,
we do not believe that Fortune Brands may omit the proposal from its proxy
materials in reliance on rule 14a-8(h)(3).
Sincerely,
/s/
Lesli L. Sheppard-Warren
Attorney-Advisor
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