AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER
Dated as of August 27, 2007
among
MEDCO HEALTH SOLUTIONS, INC.,
MACQ CORP.
and
POLYMEDICA CORPORATION
AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER
This AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER, dated as of August 27, 2007 (this "Agreement"),
is among MEDCO HEALTH SOLUTIONS, INC., a Delaware corporation ("Parent"), MACQ CORP.,
a Massachusetts corporation and a wholly owned Subsidiary of Parent ("Merger Sub"),
and POLYMEDICA CORPORATION, a Massachusetts corporation (the "Company"). Certain
terms used in this Agreement are used as defined in Section 8.11.
WHEREAS, the Board of Directors of each of the Company and Merger Sub has approved
and declared advisable, and in the best interests of the Company and Merger Sub,
as applicable, and the Board of Directors of Parent has approved, this Agreement
and the merger of Merger Sub with and into the Company (the "Merger") upon the terms
and subject to the conditions set forth in this Agreement.
WHEREAS, prior to or contemporaneously with the execution and delivery of this
Agreement, certain executives of the Company have executed and delivered to Parent
certain letter agreements confirming that they will remain employed by the Company
following the Closing contemplated by this Agreement.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the representations, warranties, covenants
and agreements contained in this Agreement, and intending to be legally bound hereby,
Parent, Merger Sub and the Company hereby agree as follows:
ARTICLE I
The Merger
SECTION 1.1 The Merger. Upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth
in this Agreement, and in accordance with the Massachusetts Business Corporation
Act (the "MBCA"), at the Effective Time Merger Sub shall be merged with and into
the Company, and the separate corporate existence of Merger Sub shall thereupon
cease, and the Company shall be the surviving corporation in the Merger (the "Surviving
Corporation").
SECTION 1.2 Closing. The closing of the Merger (the "Closing") shall take place
at 10:00 a.m. (New York time) on a date to be specified by the parties, which date
shall be no later than the second business day after satisfaction or waiver of the
conditions set forth in Article VI (other than those conditions that by their nature
are to be satisfied at the Closing, but subject to the satisfaction or waiver of
those conditions at such time), at the offices of Weil, Gotshal & Manges LLP, 100
Federal Street, 34th Floor, Boston, Massachusetts 02110, unless another time, date
or place is agreed to in writing by the parties hereto. The date on which the Closing
actually occurs hereinafter is referred to as the "Closing Date".
SECTION 1.3 Effective Time. Subject to the provisions of this Agreement, as soon
as practicable on the Closing Date the parties shall file with the Secretary of
the Commonwealth of Massachusetts articles of merger, executed in accordance with,
and in such form as is required by, the relevant provisions of the MBCA (the "Articles
of Merger").
The Merger shall become effective upon the filing of the Articles of Merger or
at such later time and date as is agreed to by the parties hereto (the time and
date at which the Merger becomes effective is herein referred to as the "Effective
Time").
SECTION 1.4 Effects of the Merger. The Merger shall have the effects set forth
herein and in applicable provisions of the MBCA. Without limiting the generality
of the foregoing, and subject thereto, at the Effective Time, all the properties,
rights, privileges, powers and franchises of the Company and Merger Sub shall vest
in the Surviving Corporation, and all debts, liabilities and duties of the Company
and Merger Sub shall become the debts, liabilities and duties of the Surviving Corporation.
SECTION 1.5 Articles of Organization and By-laws of the Surviving Corporation.
The articles of organization of the Company shall be amended and restated in their
entirety at the Effective Time to be substantially in the form attached hereto as
Exhibit A. At the Effective Time, the by-laws of the Company shall be amended in
their entirety at the Effective Time to be substantially in the form attached hereto
as Exhibit B.
SECTION 1.6 Directors and Officers of the Surviving Corporation.
(a) Each of the parties hereto shall take all necessary action to cause the directors
of Merger Sub immediately prior to the Effective Time to be the directors of the
Surviving Corporation immediately following the Effective Time, until their respective
successors are duly elected or appointed and qualified or their earlier death, resignation
or removal in accordance with the articles of organization and by-laws of the Surviving
Corporation.
(b) Each of the parties hereto shall take all necessary action to cause the officers
of Merger Sub immediately prior to the Effective Time to be the officers of the
Surviving Corporation until their respective successors are duly appointed and qualified
or their earlier death, resignation or removal in accordance with the articles of
organization and by-laws of the Surviving Corporation.
ARTICLE II
Effect of the Merger on the Capital Stock of the Constituent Corporations;
Exchange of Certificates; Company Stock Options
SECTION 2.1 Effect on Capital Stock. At the Effective Time, by virtue of the
Merger and without any action on the part of Merger Sub, the Company or the holders
of any shares of common stock, par value $0.01 per share, of the Company ("Company
Common Stock") or any shares of capital stock of Merger Sub:
(a) Capital Stock of Merger Sub. Each share of capital stock of Merger Sub issued
and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be converted into
and become one validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable share of common stock,
par value $0.01 per share, of the Surviving Corporation.
(b) Parent-Owned Stock. Any shares of Company Common Stock owned by Parent or
Merger Sub shall be automatically canceled and shall cease to exist and no consideration
shall be delivered in exchange therefor.
(c) Conversion of Company Common Stock. Each share of Company Common Stock issued
and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time (other than shares to be
canceled in accordance with Section 2.1(b) and Dissenting Shares) shall be converted
into the right to receive $53.00 in cash, without interest (the "Merger Consideration").
As of the Effective Time, all such shares of Company Common Stock shall no longer
be outstanding and shall automatically be canceled and shall cease to exist, and
each holder of a certificate (or evidence of shares in book-entry form) which immediately
prior to the Effective Time represented any such shares of Company Common Stock
(each, a "Certificate") shall cease to have any rights with respect thereto, except
the right to receive the Merger Consideration to be paid in consideration therefor
upon surrender of such Certificate in accordance with Section 2.2(b), without interest.
SECTION 2.2 Exchange of Certificates.
(a) Paying Agent. Prior to the Effective Time, Parent shall designate Equiserve
Trust Company or another bank or trust company reasonably acceptable to the Company
to act as agent for the holders of shares of Company Common Stock in connection
with the Merger (the "Paying Agent") to receive, on terms reasonably acceptable
to the Company, for the benefit of holders of shares of Company Common Stock, the
aggregate Merger Consideration to which holders of shares of Company Common Stock
shall become entitled pursuant to Section 2.1(c). Parent shall deposit, or cause
to be deposited, such aggregate Merger Consideration with the Paying Agent at or
prior to the Effective Time. The Paying Agent shall invest such aggregate Merger
Consideration in any of (i) direct obligations of the United States of America,
(ii) obligations for which the full faith and credit of the United States of America
is pledged to provide for the payment of principal and interest, (iii) commercial
paper rated the highest quality by either Moodys Investors Service, Inc. or Standard
and Poors Ratings Services or (iv) money market funds investing solely in a combination
of the foregoing. Any net profit resulting from, or income or interest produced
by, such investments, shall be payable to Parent.
(b) Payment Procedures. Promptly after the Effective Time (but in no event more
than five business days thereafter), the Surviving Corporation shall cause the Paying
Agent to mail to each holder of record of Company Common Stock (i) a letter of transmittal
(which shall specify that delivery shall be effected, and risk of loss and title
to the Certificates shall pass, only upon delivery of the Certificates to the Paying
Agent, and which shall be in such form and shall have such other customary provisions
(including customary provisions with respect to delivery of an "agents message"
with respect to shares held in book-entry form) as Parent may reasonably specify)
and (ii) instructions for use in effecting the surrender of the Certificates in
exchange for payment of the Merger Consideration. Upon surrender of a Certificate
for cancellation to the Paying Agent, together with such letter of transmittal,
duly completed and validly executed in accordance with the instructions (and such
other customary documents as may reasonably be required by the Paying Agent), the
holder of such Certificate shall be entitled to receive in exchange therefor the
Merger Consideration, without interest, for each share of Company Common Stock formerly
represented by such Certificate, and the Certificate so surrendered shall forthwith
be canceled. No interest will be paid or accrued on any amount payable upon due
surrender of the Certificates. If payment of the Merger Consideration is to be made
to a Person other than the Person in whose name the surrendered Certificate is registered,
it shall be a condition of payment that (x) the Certificate so surrendered shall
be properly endorsed or shall otherwise be in proper form for transfer and be accompanied
by all documents required to evidence such transfer and (y) the Person requesting
such payment shall have paid any transfer and other Taxes required by reason of
the payment of the Merger Consideration to a Person other than the registered holder
of such Certificate surrendered or shall have established to the reasonable satisfaction
of the Surviving Corporation that such Taxes either have been paid or are not applicable.
Until surrendered as contemplated by this Section 2.2, each Certificate shall be
deemed at any time after the Effective Time to represent only the right to receive
the Merger Consideration as contemplated by this Article II, without interest.
(c) Transfer Books; No Further Ownership Rights in Company Stock. The Merger
Consideration paid in respect of shares of Company Common Stock upon the surrender
for exchange of Certificates in accordance with the terms of this Article II shall
be deemed to have been paid in full satisfaction of all rights pertaining to the
shares of Company Common Stock previously represented by such Certificates, and
at the Effective Time, the stock transfer books of the Company shall be closed and
thereafter there shall be no further registration of transfers on the stock transfer
books of the Surviving Corporation of the shares of Company Common Stock that were
outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time. From and after the Effective
Time, the holders of Certificates that evidenced ownership of shares of Company
Common Stock outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time shall cease to
have any rights with respect to such shares of Company Common Stock, except as otherwise
provided for herein or by applicable Law. Subject to the last sentence of Section
2.2(e), if, at any time after the Effective Time, Certificates are presented to
the Surviving Corporation for any reason, they shall be canceled and exchanged as
provided in this Article II.
(d) Lost, Stolen or Destroyed Certificates. If any Certificate shall have been
lost, stolen or destroyed, upon the making of an affidavit of that fact by the Person
claiming such Certificate to be lost, stolen or destroyed and, if required by the
Surviving Corporation, the posting by such Person of a bond, in such reasonable
amount as Parent may direct, as indemnity against any claim that may be made against
it with respect to such Certificate, the Paying Agent will pay, in exchange for
such lost, stolen or destroyed Certificate, the applicable Merger Consideration
to be paid in respect of the shares of Company Common Stock formerly represented
by such Certificate, as contemplated by this Article II.
(e) Termination of Fund. At any time following the six-month anniversary of the
Closing Date, the Surviving Corporation shall be entitled to require the Paying
Agent to deliver to it any funds (including any interest received with respect thereto)
that had been made available to the Paying Agent and which have not been disbursed
to holders of Certificates, and thereafter such holders shall be entitled to look
only to Parent or the Surviving Corporation (subject to abandoned property, escheat
or other similar Laws) as general creditors thereof with respect to the payment
of any Merger Consideration that may be payable upon surrender of any Certificates
held by such holders, as determined pursuant to this Agreement, without any interest
thereon. Any amounts remaining unclaimed by such holders at such time at which such
amounts would otherwise escheat to or become property of any Governmental Authority
shall become, to the extent permitted by applicable Law, the property of Parent,
free and clear of all claims or interest of any Person previously entitled thereto.
(f) No Liability. Notwithstanding any provision of this Agreement to the contrary,
none of the parties hereto, the Surviving Corporation or the Paying Agent shall
be liable to any Person for Merger Consideration delivered to a public official
pursuant to any applicable abandoned property, escheat or similar Law.
(g) Withholding Taxes. Parent, the Surviving Corporation and the Paying Agent
shall be entitled to deduct and withhold from the consideration otherwise payable
to a holder of shares of Company Common Stock pursuant to this Agreement such amounts
as may be required to be deducted and withheld with respect to the making of such
payment under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and the rules and regulations
promulgated thereunder (the "Code"), or under any provision of state, local or foreign
Tax Law. The withholding party shall timely remit such withheld amounts to the appropriate
taxing authority, and such amounts shall be treated for all purposes of this Agreement
as having been paid to the Person in respect of which such deduction and withholding
was made. If any withholding obligation may be avoided by such holder providing
information or documentation to Parent, the Surviving Corporation or the Paying
Agent, such information shall be requested prior to any such withholding.
SECTION 2.3 Appraisal/Dissenters Rights. Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement
to the contrary, shares of Company Common Stock that are issued and outstanding
immediately prior to the Effective Time and which are held by a shareholder who
did not vote in favor of the Merger (or consent thereto in writing) and who is entitled
to demand and properly demands appraisal of such shares (the "Dissenting Shares")
pursuant to, and who complies in all respects with, the provisions of Part 13 of
the MBCA (the "Dissenting Shareholders"), shall not be converted into or be exchangeable
for the right to receive the Merger Consideration, but instead such holder shall
be entitled to payment of the fair value of such shares in accordance with the provisions
of Part 13 of the MBCA (and at the Effective Time, such Dissenting Shares shall
no longer be outstanding and shall automatically be canceled and shall cease to
exist, and such holder shall cease to have any rights with respect thereto, except
the right to receive the fair value of such Dissenting Shares in accordance with
the provisions of Part 13 of the MBCA), unless and until such holder shall have
failed to perfect or shall have effectively withdrawn or lost rights to appraisal
under the MBCA. If any Dissenting Shareholder shall have failed to perfect or shall
have effectively withdrawn or lost such right, such holders shares of Company Common
Stock shall thereupon be treated as if they had been converted into and become exchangeable
for the right to receive, as of the Effective Time, the Merger Consideration for
each such share of Company Common Stock, in accordance with Section 2.1, without
any interest thereon. The Company shall give Parent (i) prompt notice of any written
demands for appraisal of any shares of Company Common Stock, attempted withdrawals
of such demands and any other instruments served pursuant to the MBCA and received
by the Company relating to shareholders rights of appraisal, and (ii) the opportunity
to participate in and direct all negotiations and proceedings with respect to demands
for appraisal under the MBCA.
SECTION 2.4 Company Stock Options and Restricted Shares.
(a) The Company shall provide that, at the Effective Time, all options outstanding
immediately prior to the Effective Time that represent the right to acquire shares
of Company Common Stock (each, an "Option") granted under any plan listed in Section
2.4 of the Company Disclosure Schedule (a "Company Stock Plan") shall be cancelled
and each holder of an Option, whether or not vested, shall be paid in full satisfaction
of such Option, a cash amount equal to the Option Consideration for each share of
Company Common Stock then subject to the Option, including any such shares as to
which the Option has not vested. For purposes of this Agreement, "Option Consideration"
means, with respect to any share of Company Common Stock issuable under a particular
Option, an amount equal to the excess, if any, of (i) the Merger Consideration per
share of Company Common Stock over (ii) the exercise price payable in respect of
such share of Company Common Stock issuable under such Option. The cash payments
to be made to holders of Options pursuant to this Section 2.4(a) shall be made by
the Surviving Corporation as soon as reasonably practicable after the Closing Date.
(b) The Company shall provide that each share of Company Common Stock granted
subject to vesting or other lapse restrictions pursuant to any Company Stock Plan
(the "Company Restricted Common Stock") which is outstanding immediately prior to
the Effective Time shall vest and become free of such restrictions as of the Effective
Time and at the Effective Time the holder thereof shall, subject to this Article
II, be entitled to receive the Merger Consideration with respect to each such Company
Restricted Common Stock.
(c) Withholding Taxes. Parent, the Surviving Corporation and the Paying Agent
shall be entitled to deduct and withhold from the consideration otherwise payable
to a holder of any Option or any shares of Company Restricted Common Stock pursuant
to this Agreement such amounts as may be required to be deducted and withheld with
respect to the making of such payment under the Code or under any provision of state,
local or foreign Tax Law. The withholding party shall timely remit such withheld
amounts to the appropriate taxing authority, and such amounts shall be treated for
all purposes of this Agreement as having been paid to the Person in respect of which
such deduction and withholding was made. If any withholding obligation may be avoided
by such holder providing information or documentation to Parent, the Surviving Corporation
or the Paying Agent, such information shall be requested prior to any such withholding.
(d) At or prior to the Effective Time, the Company, the Board of Directors and
the compensation committee, as applicable, shall adopt any resolutions and take
any actions which are necessary to effectuate the provisions of Section 2.4(a) and
2.4(b). The Company shall take all actions necessary to ensure that from and after
the Effective Time neither Parent nor the Surviving Corporation will be required
to deliver shares of Company Common Stock or other capital stock of the Company
to any Person pursuant to or in settlement of Company Options or Company Restricted
Common Stock after the Effective Time.
SECTION 2.5 Treatment of the Warrants. The Warrants shall be treated as set forth
in Section 5.14.
SECTION 2.6 Adjustments. Notwithstanding any provision of this Article II to
the contrary, if between the date of this Agreement and the Effective Time the outstanding
shares of Company Common Stock shall have been changed into a different number of
shares or a different class by reason of the occurrence or record date of any stock
dividend, subdivision, reclassification, recapitalization, split, combination, exchange
of shares or similar transaction, the Merger Consideration shall be appropriately
adjusted to reflect such stock dividend, subdivision, reclassification, recapitalization,
split, combination, exchange of shares or similar transaction.
ARTICLE III
Representations and Warranties of the Company
Except as disclosed in (a) the disclosure schedule delivered by the Company to
Parent (the "Company Disclosure Schedule") prior to the execution of this Agreement
(with specific reference to the section of this Agreement to which the information
stated in such disclosure relates; provided that (i) disclosure in any section of
such Company Disclosure Schedule shall be deemed to be disclosed with respect to
any other section of this Agreement only to the extent that it is reasonably apparent
on the face of the Company Disclosure Schedule that such disclosure is applicable
to such other section notwithstanding the omission of a reference or cross reference
thereto and (ii) the mere inclusion of an item in such Company Disclosure Schedule
as an exception to a representation or warranty shall not be deemed an admission
that such item represents a material exception or material fact, event or circumstance
or that such item has had, would have or would reasonably be expected to have a
Material Adverse Effect) or (b) in the Company SEC Documents filed on or after June
13, 2005 and prior to the date of this Agreement, but excluding (x) any risk factor
disclosure contained in any such Company SEC Documents under the heading "Risk Factors"
or "Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements" or similar heading and
(y) all exhibits and schedules thereto and documents incorporated by reference therein,
the Company hereby represents and warrants, on behalf of itself and each of its
Subsidiaries, on a joint and several basis, to Parent and Merger Sub as follows:
SECTION 3.01 Organization, Standing and Corporate Power.
(a) The Company is a corporation duly organized, validly existing and in good
standing under the Laws of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts and has all requisite
corporate power and authority necessary to own, lease and operate all of its properties
and assets and to carry on its business as it is now being conducted. The Company
is duly licensed or qualified to do business and is in good standing (or equivalent
status) in each jurisdiction in which the nature of the business conducted by it
or the character or location of the properties and assets owned or leased by it
makes such licensing or qualification necessary, except where the failure to be so licensed, qualified or in good standing
(or equivalent status) does not have, or would not reasonably be expected to have,
individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect on the Company. For
purposes of this Agreement, "Material Adverse Effect" means any change, circumstance,
event, occurrence or effect that has occurred that, when taken together with all
other adverse changes, circumstances, events, occurrences or effects that have occurred,
is or is reasonably likely to be, materially adverse to the business, assets, liabilities,
results of operations or financial condition of the Company and its Subsidiaries
taken as a whole, except to the extent resulting from (i) (A) the general economic
conditions in the United States or any change in any United States federal or state
statute, rule or regulation or any change in Medicare, Medicaid or other governmental
healthcare reimbursement policy, or (B) the commencement, continuation or escalation
of a war or a material act of terrorism; provided that with respect to clauses (i)(A)
and (i)(B), such changes, circumstances, events, occurrences or effects do not adversely
affect the Company and its Subsidiaries in a meaningfully disproportionate manner
as compared to other companies of similar size in such industries in which the Company
and its Subsidiaries operate; (ii) resulting from or attributable to any loss of,
or adverse change in, the relationship of the Company with its customers, employees
or suppliers that was proximately caused by the announcement of this Agreement or
the consummation of the Transactions or (iii) any decline in the market price or
change in trading volume of the capital stock of the Company or any failure to meet
publicly announced revenue or earnings projections (it being understood that the
underlying cause or causes of any such decline, change or failure may be deemed
to constitute, in and of itself or themselves, a Material Adverse Effect and may
be taken into consideration when determining whether there has occurred a Material
Adverse Effect).
(b) Each of the Companys Subsidiaries is duly organized, validly existing and
in good standing under the Laws of the jurisdiction of its organization. The name
and jurisdiction of organization of each Subsidiary is set forth on Section 3.1(b)
of the Company Disclosure Schedule. All the outstanding shares of capital stock
of, or other equity interests in, each such Subsidiary are owned directly or indirectly
by the Company free and clear of all liens, pledges, security interests and transfer
restrictions, except for such transfer restrictions of general applicability as
may be provided under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and
regulations promulgated thereunder (the "Securities Act"), and other applicable
securities Laws. Each of the Companys Subsidiaries has all requisite corporate
power and authority necessary to own, lease and operate all of its properties and
assets and to carry on its businesses as they are now being conducted. Each of the
Companys Subsidiaries is duly licensed or qualified to do business in, and is in
good standing (or equivalent status) in, each jurisdiction in which the nature of
the business conducted by such Subsidiary, or the character or location of the properties
and assets owned or leased by such Subsidiary, makes such licensing or qualification
necessary, except where the failure to be so licensed, qualified or in good standing
(or equivalent status) does not have, or would not reasonably be expected to have,
individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect.
(c) The Company has made available to Parent complete and correct copies of the
articles of organization and by-laws of the Company and the organizational documents
of each of its Subsidiaries, as amended to the date of this Agreement (the "Company
Charter Documents").
SECTION 3.02 Capitalization.
(a) The authorized capital stock of the Company consists of fifty million (50,000,000)
shares of Company Common Stock and three million one hundred twelve thousand one
hundred sixty-four (3,112,164) shares of preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share
("Company Preferred Stock"). At the close of business on August 24, 2007 (the "Reference
Date") (except for the 4,530,586 shares of Company Common Stock referred to in clause
(ii) below, which is true as of March 31, 2007), (i) 23,464,250 shares of Company
Common Stock were issued and outstanding (of which 503,480 shares were Company Restricted
Stock), (ii) 4,530,586 shares of Company Common Stock were reserved for issuance
under the Company Stock Plans (of which 2,842,303 shares of Company Common Stock
were subject to outstanding Options granted under the Company Stock Plans) and 11,798,426
shares of Company Common Stock were reserved for issuance upon conversion of the
Notes and Warrants and (iii) no shares of Company Preferred Stock were issued or
outstanding. Since the Reference Date, no shares of Company Common Stock or Company
Preferred Stock have been issued except pursuant to the exercise of Options granted
under Company Stock Plans as of the close of Business on the Reference Date. The
Company has made available to Parent a correct and complete list, as of July 31,
2007, of Options and Company Restricted Stock, including the holder, date of grant,
term, number of shares of Company Common Stock and, where applicable, exercise price
and vesting schedule, including whether the vesting will be accelerated by the execution
of this Agreement or consummation of the Merger or by termination of employment
or change of position following consummation of the Merger. Section 3.2(a) of the
Company Disclosure Schedule contains a correct and complete list of Options and
Company Restricted Stock granted or issued since July 31, 2007, including, with
respect to each, the information specified in the previous sentence. All outstanding
shares of the capital stock of the Company have been duly authorized and validly
issued and are fully paid, nonassessable and free of preemptive rights. Except as
set forth above, (A) there are no outstanding options or other rights of any kind
which obligate the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to issue or deliver any shares
of capital stock, voting securities or other equity interests of the Company or
any securities or obligations convertible into or exchangeable into or exercisable
for any shares of capital stock, voting securities or other equity interests of
the Company (collectively, "Company Securities"); (B) there are no outstanding obligations
of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to repurchase, redeem or otherwise acquire
any Company Securities; and (C) there are no other options, calls, warrants or other
rights, agreements, arrangements or commitments of any character relating to the
issued or unissued capital stock of the Company to which the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries is a party. No bonds, debentures, notes or other indebtedness of the
Company having a right to vote (or convertible into or exercisable for securities
having the right to vote) on any matters on which the holders of capital stock of
the Company may vote are issued and outstanding.
(b) Each of the outstanding shares of capital stock, voting securities or other
equity interests of each Subsidiary of the Company is duly authorized, validly issued,
fully paid, nonassessable and free of any preemptive rights, and all such securities
are owned by the Company or another wholly-owned Subsidiary of the Company and are
owned free and clear of all liens, charges, pledges, security interests, claims
or other encumbrances (each, a "Lien"). There are no (i) preemptive rights, outstanding
options, warrants, conversion rights, stock appreciation rights, redemption rights, repurchase rights,
agreements, arrangements, calls, commitments or other rights of any kind which obligate
the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to issue or deliver any shares of capital
stock, voting securities or other equity interests of any Company Subsidiary or
any securities or obligations convertible into or exchangeable into or exercisable
for any shares of capital stock, voting securities or other equity interest of a
Company Subsidiary, (ii) outstanding obligations of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries
to repurchase, redeem or otherwise acquire any securities or obligations convertible
into or exchangeable into or exercisable for any shares of capital stock, voting
securities or other equity interests of a Company Subsidiary; or (iii) other options,
calls, warrants or other rights, agreements, arrangements or commitments of any
character relating to the issued or unissued capital stock of any Subsidiary of
the Company to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party. None of
the Subsidiaries of the Company owns any Company Common Stock.
(c) Except as described in Section 3.2(c) of the Company Disclosure Schedule,
neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries directly or indirectly owns 5% or
more of the outstanding equity or similar interests in, or any interest convertible
into or exchangeable or exercisable for 5% or more of the equity or similar interests
in, any corporation, partnership, limited liability company, joint venture or other
business association or entity (other than the Company Subsidiaries).
SECTION 3.3 Authority; Noncontravention; Voting Requirements.
(a) The Company has all necessary corporate power and authority to execute and
deliver this Agreement, to perform its obligations hereunder and, subject to obtaining
the Company Shareholder Approval, to consummate the Transactions. The execution,
delivery and performance by the Company of this Agreement, and the consummation
by it of the Transactions, have been duly authorized and approved by its Board of
Directors, and except for obtaining the Company Shareholder Approval, no other corporate
action on the part of the Company is necessary to authorize the execution, delivery
and performance by the Company of this Agreement and the consummation by it of the
Transactions. This Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by the Company
and, assuming due authorization, execution and delivery hereof by the other parties
hereto, constitutes a legal, valid and binding obligation of the Company, enforceable
against the Company in accordance with its terms, except that such enforceability
(i) may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, fraudulent transfer, reorganization,
moratorium and other similar Laws of general application affecting or relating to
the enforcement of creditors rights generally and (ii) is subject to general principles
of equity, whether considered in a proceeding at Law or in equity (the "Bankruptcy
and Equity Exception").
(b) The Companys Board of Directors, at a meeting duly called and held, has
unanimously (i) approved and declared advisable and in the best interests of the
Company this Agreement and the Merger, and (ii) directed that this Agreement be
submitted to the shareholders of the Company for approval and resolved to recommend
that shareholders of the Company approve this Agreement.
(c) Neither the execution and delivery of this Agreement by the Company nor the
consummation by the Company of the Transactions, nor compliance by the Company with
any of the terms or provisions hereof, will (i) conflict with or violate any provision
of the Company Charter Documents or the comparable governing documents of the Companys
Subsidiaries or (ii) assuming that the authorizations, consents and approvals referred
to in Section 3.4 and the Company Shareholder Approval are obtained and the filings
referred to in Section 3.4 are made, (x) violate any Law, Order, license or permit
of any Governmental Authority applicable to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries,
(y) violate or constitute a default under, give to others any right of termination,
amendment, acceleration or cancellation of any payment or other obligation pursuant
to, cause any additional amounts to be payable under, or result in the creation
of a Lien on any property or asset of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries pursuant
to, any of the terms, conditions or provisions of any loan or credit agreement,
debenture, note, bond, mortgage, indenture, deed of trust, lease, contract, permit,
license, arrangement, instrument, obligation, restricted stock award, option agreement
or other agreement (each, a "Contract") to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries
is a party or by which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or any property or
asset of any of them is bound or affected, except, in the case of clause (ii), for
such violations or defaults that do not have, or would not reasonably be expected
to have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect.
(d) The affirmative vote (in person or by proxy) of the holders of at least two-thirds
of the outstanding shares of Company Common Stock at the Company Shareholders Meeting,
or any adjournment or postponement thereof, in favor of the adoption of this Agreement
(the "Company Shareholder Approval") is the only vote or approval of the holders
of any class or series of capital stock of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries
which is necessary to adopt this Agreement and approve the Transactions.
SECTION 3.4 Governmental Approvals. Except for (i) the filing with the SEC of
a proxy statement relating to the Company Shareholders Meeting (as amended or supplemented
from time to time, the "Proxy Statement"), and other filings required under, and
compliance with other applicable requirements of, the Securities Exchange Act of
1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder (the, "Exchange
Act"), and the rules of The Nasdaq Stock Market, (ii) the filing of the Articles
of Merger with the Secretary of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts pursuant to the
MBCA, and (iii) filings required under, and compliance with other applicable requirements
of, the HSR Act, no consents or approvals of, or filings, declarations or registrations
with, any Governmental Authority are necessary for the execution and delivery of
this Agreement by the Company and the consummation by the Company of the Transactions,
other than such other consents, approvals, filings, declarations or registrations
that, if not obtained, made or given, would not have, or would not reasonably be
expected to have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect or
prevent, materially delay or materially impair the consummation of the Transactions.
SECTION 3.5 Company SEC Documents; Undisclosed Liabilities.
(a) The Company and its Subsidiaries have filed all registration statements,
forms, reports, schedules, statements, proxy statements and other similar documents required to be filed with the SEC since January 1, 2005 (collectively,
and in each case including all amendments, supplements, exhibits, financial statements
and schedules thereto and documents incorporated by reference therein, the "Company
SEC Documents"). As of their respective filing dates, the Company SEC Documents
complied or, if not yet filed, will comply in all material respects with the requirements
of the Exchange Act and the Securities Act, as the case may be, applicable to such
Company SEC Documents, and none of the Company SEC Documents as of such respective
dates (or, if amended or superseded prior to the date of this Agreement, the date
of the filing of such amendment, with respect to the disclosures that are amended
or superseded) contained, and none of the Company SEC Documents filed with the SEC
subsequent to the date of this Agreement will contain as of the date of filing,
any untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact required
to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light
of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading.
(b) All of the financial statements of the Company included in the Company SEC
Documents, in each case, including any related notes thereto, have been (or, in
the case of Company SEC Documents not filed as of the date hereof, will be) prepared
in accordance with GAAP applied on a consistent basis during the periods involved
(except as may be indicated in the notes thereto) and fairly present (or, in the
case of Company SEC Documents not filed as of the date hereof, will fairly present)
the consolidated financial position of the Company and its consolidated Subsidiaries
as of the dates thereof and the consolidated results of their operations and cash
flows for the periods then ended (subject, in the case of unaudited interim statements,
as may be permitted by Form 10-Q of the SEC and subject, in the case of such unaudited
statements, to normal, recurring adjustments.
(c) Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has any liabilities of any
kind whatsoever, whether or not accrued and whether or not contingent or absolute,
except liabilities (i) reflected or reserved against on the balance sheet of the
Company and its Subsidiaries as of March 31, 2007 (the "Balance Sheet Date") (including
the notes thereto) included in the Company SEC Documents, (ii) incurred after the
Balance Sheet Date in the ordinary course of business, (iii) incurred pursuant to
this Agreement or (iv) that have not had, or would not reasonably be expected to
have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect or prevent, materially
delay or materially impair the consummation of the Transactions.
(d) The Company is in compliance in all material respects with the applicable
listing and corporate governance rules and regulations of the Nasdaq Stock Market.
Except as permitted by the Exchange Act, including Sections 13(k)(2) and (3) or
rules of the SEC, since the enactment of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, neither the Company
nor any of its Affiliates has made, arranged or modified (in any material way) any
extensions of credit in the form of a personal loan to any executive officer or
director of the Company.
(e) The Company has established and maintains internal controls over financial
reporting and disclosure controls and procedures (as such terms are defined in Rule
13a-15 and Rule 15d-15 under the Exchange Act); such disclosure controls and procedures
are effective to ensure that information relating to the Company, including its
consolidated Subsidiaries, required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports
that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to the Companys principal
executive officer and its principal financial officer to allow timely decisions
regarding required disclosure; and such disclosure controls and procedures are effective
to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports
that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized
and reported within the time periods specified in SEC rules and forms. The Companys
principal executive officer and its principal financial officer have disclosed,
based on their most recent evaluation, to the Companys auditors and the audit committee
of the Board of Directors of the Company (x) all significant deficiencies in the
design or operation of internal controls which could adversely affect the Companys
ability to record, process, summarize and report financial data and have identified
for the Companys auditors any material weaknesses in internal controls and (y)
any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees
who have a significant role in the Companys internal controls. The Company has
made available to Parent (i) a summary of any such disclosure made by management
to the Companys auditors and audit committee since January 1, 2005 (the "Applicable
Date") and (ii) any material communication since the Applicable Date made by management
or the Companys auditors to the audit committee required or contemplated by listing
standards of the Nasdaq Stock Market, the audit committees charter or professional
standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board. Since the Applicable
Date, no material complaints from any source regarding accounting, internal accounting
controls or auditing matters, and no material concerns from Company employees regarding
questionable accounting or auditing matters, have been received by the Company.
The Company has made available to Parent a summary of all material complaints or
material concerns relating to other matters made since the Applicable Date through
the Companys whistleblower hot line or equivalent system for receipt of employee
concerns regarding possible violations of Law. No attorney representing the Company
or any of its Subsidiaries, whether or not employed by the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries, has reported evidence of a violation of securities laws, breach of
fiduciary duty or similar violation by the Company or any of its officers, directors,
employees or agents to the Companys chief legal officer, audit committee (or other
committee designated for the purpose) of the Board of Directors or the Board of
Directors pursuant to the rules adopted pursuant to Section 307 of the Sarbanes-Oxley
Act or any Company policy contemplating such reporting, including in instances not
required by those rules. The principal executive officer of the Company and the
principal financial officer of the Company (and each former principal executive
officer of the Company and each former principal financial officer of the Company,
as applicable) have made the certifications required by the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of
2002 (the "Sarbanes-Oxley Act"), and the rules and regulations of the SEC promulgated
thereunder with respect to the Companys filings pursuant to the Exchange Act. For
purposes of the preceding sentence, "principal executive officer" and "principal
financial officer" shall have the meanings given to such terms in the Sarbanes-Oxley
Act.
SECTION 3.6 Absence of Certain Changes. Since the Balance Sheet Date (a) the
Company and its Subsidiaries have carried on and operated their respective businesses
in all material respects in the ordinary course of business, (b) there has not been
any event, change or occurrence that has had, or would reasonably be expected to
have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect, and (c) there
has not been (i) any declaration, setting aside or payment of any dividend or any
other distribution with respect to any of the capital stock of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, (ii) any material change
in accounting methods, principles or practices employed by the Company or (iii)
any other action of the type described in Sections 5.2(a) or 5.2(b) which, had such
action been taken after the date of this Agreement, would require approval of Parent.
SECTION 3.7 Legal Proceedings. There is no pending or, to the Knowledge of the
Company, threatened, legal or administrative proceeding, claim, suit, litigation,
action, investigation, audit, hearing, indictment, arbitration or other similar
proceedings ("Litigation") against the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or any
of their respective executive officers or directors that, if determined adversely
to the Company or such officers or directors, would reasonably be expected to (a)
involve fines, penalties, payments, costs or expenses in excess of $100,000 in the
case of any single matter or $500,000 in the case of any group of related matters,
(b) result in any such Person being excluded from participation in any federal health
care program or state health care program, (c) materially impair the ability of
the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to conduct their businesses, or use any of
their material properties or assets, as presently conducted or used, (d) prevent,
materially delay or materially impair the consummation of the transactions contemplated
by this Agreement, or (e) have a Material Adverse Effect. Neither the Company nor
any of its Subsidiaries is subject to any injunction, or is subject to any order,
directive, judgment, award, ruling, settlement, stipulation or decree imposed by
or before any Governmental Authority ("Order") that has resulted in, or would reasonably
be expected to result in, any material detriment to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
SECTION 3.8 Compliance With Laws; Permits. The Company and its Subsidiaries are
in compliance with all federal, state and local laws, statutes, ordinances, codes,
rules, regulations, directives, decrees and Orders of Governmental Authorities (collectively,
"Laws") (excluding compliance with Laws regarding the payment of Taxes, which is
governed by Section 3.10, compliance with Laws applicable to the Company Plans,
which is governed by Section 3.11, compliance with Environmental Laws, which is
governed by Section 3.12, and compliance with Health Care Laws, which is governed
by Section 3.22), applicable to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or by which
any property, business or asset of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is bound
or affected, except for such non-compliance that is not, and would not reasonably
be expected to be, individually or in the aggregate, materially detrimental to the
Company and any of its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or prevent, materially delay
or materially impair the consummation of the Transactions. No investigation by any
Governmental Authority with respect to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is
pending or, to the Knowledge of the Company, threatened, nor, to the Knowledge of
the Company, has any United States federal or state Governmental Authority indicated
an intention to conduct the same. To the Knowledge of the Company, no material change
is required in the Companys or any of its Subsidiaries processes, properties or
procedures in connection with any such Laws, and the Company has not received any
overt notice or communication of any material noncompliance with any such Laws that
has not been cured as of the date of this Agreement. The Company and its Subsidiaries
each has obtained and is in compliance with all permits, licenses, certifications,
approvals, registrations, consents, authorizations, franchises, variances, exemptions
and orders issued or granted by a Governmental Authority ("Licenses") necessary
to conduct its business as presently conducted, except those the absence of which
would not reasonably be expected to be, individually or in the aggregate, materially detrimental to the Company and
its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or prevent, materially delay or materially impair
the consummation of the Transactions.
SECTION 3.9 Information Supplied. The Proxy Statement will not, on the date it
is first mailed to shareholders of the Company and at the time of the Company Shareholders
Meeting, contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material
fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements
therein, in light of the circumstances under which they are made, not misleading.
The Proxy Statement will comply as to form in all material respects with the applicable
requirements of the Exchange Act. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company makes
no representation or warranty with respect to information supplied by or on behalf
of Parent or Merger Sub for inclusion or incorporation by reference in the Proxy
Statement.
SECTION 3.10 Tax Matters.
(a) Each of the Company and its Subsidiaries has timely filed, or has caused
to be timely filed on its behalf (taking into account any extension of time within
which to file), all federal income and other material Tax Returns (as hereinafter
defined) required to be filed by it under applicable Laws, all such filed Tax Returns
are correct and complete in all material respects, and all Taxes shown to be due
on such Tax Returns and all other material Taxes due have been paid, except for
those Taxes being contested in good faith (as set forth on Section 3.10(a) of the
Company Disclosure Schedule) and for which adequate reserves have been established
in the Companys financial statements. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries
is the beneficiary of any extension of time with which to file any material Tax
Return. No deficiency with respect to any amount of Taxes has been proposed, asserted
or assessed against the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, which has not been fully
paid or adequately reserved for in the Company SEC Documents. There are no Liens
for Taxes (other than taxes not yet due and payable) upon any assets of the Company
or its Subsidiaries. To the Knowledge of the Company, since December 31, 2003, the
Company has not received written notice from an authority in a jurisdiction where
the Company or any of its Subsidiaries does not file Tax Returns that the Company
or any of its Subsidiaries is or may be subject to taxation by that jurisdiction.
(b) Each of the Company and its Subsidiaries has withheld and paid over to the
relevant taxing authority all Taxes required to be withheld and paid in connection
with any amounts paid or owing to employees, independent contractors, creditors,
shareholders or any other third party except for such Taxes that, individually or
in the aggregate, would not have, or be reasonably expected to have, a Material
Adverse Effect.
(c) Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries knows of any proposed or
threatened Tax Claims by any Governmental Authority to assess any additional Taxes
for any period for which Tax Returns have been filed that, if unpaid, would have,
or would reasonably be expected to have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material
Adverse Effect. As of the date hereof, no audits or administrative or judicial Tax
Proceedings are pending or being conducted with respect to the Company or any of
its Subsidiaries by any Governmental Authority and no notice of a deficiency or
proposed adjustment for any amount of Tax has been received. The Company Disclosure Schedule lists all federal,
state, local and foreign income Tax Returns filed with respect to the Company or
its Subsidiaries for taxable periods ended on or after December 31, 2002. Further,
the Company has made available to Parent copies of all federal income Tax Returns,
examination reports, and statements of deficiencies assessed against or agreed to
by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries filed or received since December 31, 2002.
(d) Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has waived any statute of
limitations in respect of material Taxes or agreed to any extension of time with
respect to a material Tax assessment or deficiency.
(e) Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries will be required to include
any material item of income in, or exclude any material item of deduction from,
taxable income for any taxable period ending after the Closing as a result of any:
(i) change in method of accounting for a period ending on or prior to Closing; (ii)
intercompany transaction or excess loss account described in U.S. Treasury Regulations
under Section 1502 of the Code (or any corresponding or similar provisions of state,
local or foreign income Tax law); (iii) installment sale or open transaction disposition
made on or prior to Closing; or (iv) prepaid amount received on or prior to Closing.
(f) Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has distributed stock of
another Person, or has had its stock distributed by another Person, in a transaction
that was purported or intended to be governed in whole or in part by Sections 355
or 361 of the Code after December 31, 1999.
(g) Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is a party to any Contract
that (i) has resulted or could result in the payment of any "excess parachute payment"
within the meaning of Section 280G of the Code (or any corresponding provision of
state, local, or foreign Tax Law) or (ii) has resulted in any amount paid not having
been fully deductible as a result of Section 162(m) of the Code (or any corresponding
provision of state, local or foreign Tax law). Neither the Company nor any of its
Subsidiaries has entered into, or otherwise participated (directly or indirectly)
in, any "reportable transaction" within the meaning of U.S. Treasury Regulation
Section 1.6011-4(b) or has received a written opinion from a tax advisor that was
intended to provide protection against a tax penalty. Neither the Company nor any
of its Subsidiaries has been a United States Real Property Holding Corporation within
the meaning of Section 897(c)(2) of the Code during the applicable period specified
in Section 897(c)(1)(A)(ii) of the Code. As of the Closing, neither the Company
nor any of its Subsidiaries will be a party to or bound by any Tax allocation or
sharing agreement pursuant to which it will have any potential liability to any
Person (other than the Company or any of its Subsidiaries) after the Closing Date.
(h) Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries (i) has been a member of
an Affiliated Group filing a consolidated federal income Tax Return (other than
a group the common parent of which was the Company) or (ii) has any liability for
the Taxes of any Person (other than the Company or any of its Subsidiaries) under
U.S. Treasury Regulation Section 1.1502-6 (or any similar provision of state, local,
or foreign law), as a transferee or successor, by contract or otherwise.
(i) As of the date hereof, no closing agreement pursuant to Section 7121 of the
Code (or any other similar provision of state, local or foreign Tax Law), private
letter ruling, technical advice memorandum, or similar agreement or ruling has been
entered into, requested or received by or with respect to the Company or any of
its Subsidiaries.
(j) For purposes of this Agreement: (i) "Tax" or "Taxes" shall mean (A) all federal,
state, local or foreign taxes, charges, fees, imposts, levies or other assessments,
including all net income, gross receipts, capital, sales, use, ad valorem, value
added, transfer, franchise, profits, inventory, capital stock, license, withholding,
payroll, employment, social security, unemployment, excise, severance, stamp, occupation,
premium, windfall profits, environmental (including taxes under Section 59A of the
Code), franchise, profits, registration, alternative or add-on minimum, property
and estimated taxes, customs duties, fees, assessments and charges of any kind whatsoever
or similar taxes imposed on the income properties or operations of the Company or
any of its Subsidiaries, (B) all interest, penalties, fines, additions to tax or
additional amounts imposed by any Governmental Authority in connection with any
item described in clause (A), and (C) any transferee liability in respect of any
items described in clauses (A) and/or (B) payable by reason of contract, assumption,
transferee liability, operation of Law, U.S. Treasury Regulation Section 1.1502-6(a)
(or any predecessor or successor thereof of any analogous or similar provision under
Law) or otherwise, and (ii) "Tax Returns" shall mean any return, report, claim for
refund, estimate, declaration, information return or statement or other similar
document relating to or required to be filed with any Governmental Authority with
respect to Taxes, including any schedule or attachment thereto, and including any
amendment thereof.
SECTION 3.11 Employee Benefits and Labor Matters.
(a) Section 3.11(a) of the Company Disclosure Schedule lists: (i) all "employee
benefit plans" (as defined in Section 3(3) of the Employee Retirement Income Security
Act of 1974, as amended ("ERISA")), (ii) all Company travel policies and plans and
employee reimbursement policies thereunder, (iii) all employment, consulting, non-competition,
employee non-solicitation, or other compensation agreements, and all collective
bargaining agreements, and (iv) all bonus or other incentive compensation, equity
or equity-based compensation (including stock option, phantom stock or stock ownership),
stock purchase, deferred compensation, change in control, severance, termination,
profit-sharing, leave of absence, vacation, medical, life insurance or other death
benefit, educational assistance, Section 125 cafeteria, dependant care, fringe benefit,
pension and welfare benefit plans, policies, agreements or arrangements, in each
case as to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has any liability, contingent
or otherwise, with respect to any current or former employee, independent contractor
or director (collectively (i) through (iv), the "Company Plans"). Correct and complete
copies of the following documents with respect to each of the Company Plans have
been made available to Parent by the Company, to the extent applicable: (a) all
plan documents and amendments thereto, (b) the two most recent annual reports on
Form 5500 to the extent any such report was required by applicable Law, (c) the
most recent summary plan description for each Company Plan for which such a summary
plan description is required by applicable Law, (d) each currently effective trust
agreement and insurance or group annuity contract and (e) the most recent favorable
determination letter from the Internal Revenue Service for each Company Plan which
is intended to be qualified under Section 401(a) of the Code. Each Company Plan
(excluding any Company Plan which is a "multiemployer plan" as defined in Section
3(37) of ERISA): (i) has been administered in accordance with its terms and (ii)
is in compliance with the applicable provisions of ERISA, the Code and other Laws,
except, in the case of (i) or (ii), for any instances of noncompliance that, individually
or in the aggregate, would not have, or would not reasonably be expected to have,
individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect.
(b) Except as would not have, or would not reasonably be expected to have, individually
or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect:
(i) Each Company Plan has been administered in accordance with its terms, and
the Company and each of its Subsidiaries and all of the Company Plans are in compliance
with the applicable provisions of ERISA, the Code and other applicable Laws as to
the Company Plans, and all contributions required under each Company Plan have been
made in full on a timely and proper basis.
(ii) With respect to the Company Plans, individually and in the aggregate, no
event has occurred and, to the Knowledge of the Company, there exists no condition
or set of circumstances, including claims, audits and investigations, in connection
with which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries could be subject to any tax, penalty
or other liability under ERISA, the Code or any other applicable Law, except for
making contributions, or the payment of claims in the ordinary course of the operation
of any such Company Plans.
(iii) Each Company Plan that is intended to comply with the provisions of Section
401(a) of the Code is qualified and exempt from income taxes under Sections 401(a)
and 501(a), respectively, of the Code, and to the Knowledge of the Company, nothing
has occurred (or failed to occur) that would adversely affect such qualification.
(iv) No "employee welfare benefit plans" (as defined in Section 3(1) of ERISA)
under which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has any liability provides benefits
to, or on behalf of, any former employee after the termination of employment except
where the benefit is required by Section 4980B of the Code or similar state or local
Law.
(v) Each individual who is classified by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries
as an "employee" or as an "independent contractor" is properly so classified.
(vi) Each Company Option (A) was granted in compliance with all applicable Laws
and all of the terms and conditions of the Company Stock Plan pursuant to which
it was issued, (B) issued after January 1, 2005 has an exercise price per share
of Company Common Stock equal to or greater than the fair market value of a share
of Company Common Stock on the date of such grant, (C) has a grant date identical
to the date on which the Companys Board of Directors or Compensation Committee
actually awarded such Company Option, (D) qualifies for the tax and accounting treatment
afforded to such Company Option in the Companys tax returns and the Company Reports, respectively,
and (E) complies with the requirements of Section 409A of the Code.
(vii) Each Company Plan which is a nonqualified deferred compensation plan has
been operated in compliance with the applicable requirements of Section 409A of
the Code.
(c) Neither the Company nor any Company Subsidiary maintains, contributes to
(nor has within the past six years maintained or contributed to) or is obligated
to maintain or contribute to, or has any actual or contingent liability under, any
benefit plan that is subject to Title IV of ERISA or Section 412 of the Code or
is otherwise a "defined benefit pension plan" (as defined in Section 3(35) of ERISA)
or a "multiemployer employer" (as defined in Section 3(37) of ERISA).
(d) Neither the Company nor any of the Company Subsidiaries is or has been, since
April 1, 2001, a party to, or bound by, or conducted negotiations regarding, any
collective bargaining agreement or other contracts, arrangements, agreements or
understandings with a labor union or similar organization that was certified by
the National Labor Relations Board ("NLRB") or voluntarily recognized or recognized
under Law.
(e) Except as would not have, or would not reasonably be expected to have, individually
or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect,
(i) There is no existing, pending or, to the Knowledge of the Company, threatened,
(i) walkout, lockout, strike, slowdown, hand billing, picketing, work stoppage (sympathetic
or otherwise), or work interruption (each, a "Concerted Action") involving the employees
of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, (ii) unfair labor practice charge or
complaint, labor dispute, labor arbitration proceeding or any other matter before
the NLRB or any other comparable state agency against or involving the Company or
any of its Subsidiaries, (iii) election petition or proceeding by a labor union
or representative thereof to organize any employees of the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries, (iv) certification or decertification question relating to collective
bargaining units at the premises of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or (v)
grievance or arbitration demand against the Company or any of its Subsidiaries whether
or not filed pursuant to a collective bargaining agreement.
(ii) None of the Company, any of its Subsidiaries or any of their respective
representatives or employees has committed an unfair labor practice in connection
with the operation of the respective businesses of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
(iii) The Company and its Subsidiaries are in compliance with all applicable
Laws respecting labor, employment, fair employment practices, terms and conditions
of employment, workers compensation, occupational safety, plant closings, mass
layoffs and wages and hours.
(f) To the Knowledge of the Company, neither the employees of the Company nor
the employees of any of its Subsidiaries have engaged in a material Concerted Action
in the past three years.
(g) The Company and its Subsidiaries have properly accrued on their books and
records all material unpaid but accrued wages, salaries and other paid time-off.
(h) None of the execution and delivery of this Agreement, nor shareholder approval
of this Agreement, nor the consummation of any transaction contemplated by this
Agreement (alone or in conjunction with a termination of employment) will (v) trigger
any funding (through a grantor trust or otherwise) of any compensation or benefits
under any Company Plan, (w) entitle any employees of the Company or any of its subsidiaries
to severance pay or any increase in severance pay upon any termination of employment
after the date hereof, (x) accelerate the time of payment or vesting or result in
any payment of compensation or benefits under, increase the amount payable or result
in any other material obligation pursuant to, any of the Company Plans, or (y) limit
or restrict the right of the Company or, after the consummation of the transactions
contemplated hereby, Parent to merge, amend or terminate any of the Company Plans.
SECTION 3.12 Environmental Matters. Except as would not have, or would not reasonably
be expected to have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect,
(a) no written notice, notification, demand, request for information, citation,
summons, complaint or order from any Person has been received by the Company or
any of its Subsidiaries, or, to the Knowledge of the Company, threatened, by any
Person against the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, and no action, claim, suit,
arbitration, or proceeding is pending or, to the Knowledge of the Company, threatened
by any Person, that alleges that the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is not in
compliance with or has any liability under any Environmental Law or otherwise addresses
any matters involving Hazardous Materials or relating to or arising out of any Environmental
Law; (b) neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has any outstanding liabilities
or obligations under any Order relating to any Environmental Law; (c) the Company
and its Subsidiaries are and have been in compliance with all Environmental Laws,
including possessing and complying with all Permits required for their operations
under applicable Environmental Laws, and there are no proceedings pending or, to
the Knowledge of the Company, threatened to cancel, revoke, modify, or not renew
any such Permit; (d) there is no Environmental Claim pending or, to the Knowledge
of the Company, threatened against the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or, to
the Knowledge of the Company, against any Person whose liability for any Environmental
Claim the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has retained or assumed either contractually
or by operation of law; and (e) the Company and its Subsidiaries do not have any
Environmental Liabilities and, to the Knowledge of the Company, no events (including
Releases or Threatened Releases of Hazardous Materials), facts, circumstances or
conditions relating to, arising from, associated with or attributable to any operations
of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (including any activities involving Hazardous
Materials) or any real property currently or formerly owned, operated, used or leased
by the Company or its Subsidiaries or operations thereon would reasonably be expected
to result in Environmental Liabilities.
SECTION 3.13 Properties.
(a) Section 3.13(a) of the Company Disclosure Schedule contains a true and complete
list of all real property owned by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (collectively
with all land, buildings, structures, fixtures and improvements located thereon
the "Owned Real Property") and for each parcel of Owned Real Property, contains
a correct street address of such Owned Real Property.
(b) Section 3.13(b) of the Company Disclosure Schedule contains a true and complete
list of all real property leased, subleased, licensed or otherwise occupied (whether
as a tenant, subtenant or pursuant to other occupancy arrangements) by the Company
or any of its Subsidiaries (collectively, including the improvements thereon, the
"Leased Real Property"), and for each Leased Real Property, identifies the street
address of such Leased Real Property, and, in the case of any lease in respect thereof
that is set to expire or is subject to renewal during the one-year period immediately
following the date of this Agreement, the expiration date of such lease and a description
of any terms that have been proposed in regard to any renewal thereof. True and
complete copies of all agreements under which the Company or any Subsidiary is the
landlord, sublandlord, tenant, subtenant, or occupant (each a "Real Property Lease")
that have not been terminated or expired as of the date thereof have been made available
to Parent.
(c) The Company and/or its Subsidiaries have good and marketable fee simple title
to all material Owned Real Property and valid leasehold estates in all material
Leased Real Property free and clear of all Liens, except Permitted Liens.
(d) Other than the Real Property Leases, none of the material Owned Real Property
or the material Leased Real Property is subject to any lease, sublease, license
or other agreement granting to any other Person any right to the use, occupancy
or enjoyment of such Owned Real Property or Leased Real Property or any part thereof.
There are no outstanding options or rights of first refusal to purchase any Owned
Real Property, or any portion of the Owned Real Property or interest therein.
(e) Each material Real Property Lease is in full force and effect and constitutes
the valid and legally binding obligation of the Company or its Subsidiaries, enforceable
in accordance with its terms (subject to the Bankruptcy and Equity Exception), and
there is no material default or event which, with notice, lapse of time or both,
would constitute a material default or permit termination or material modification
or acceleration of obligations by any third party under any material Real Property
Lease either by the Company or its Subsidiaries party thereto or, to the Knowledge
of the Company, by any other party thereto or prevent, materially delay or materially
impair the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
(f) There does not exist any pending material condemnation or eminent domain
proceedings that affect any material Owned Real Property or, to the Knowledge of
the Company, any such proceedings that affect any material Leased Real Property
or, to the Knowledge of the Company, any threatened material condemnation or eminent
domain proceedings that affect any material Owned Real Property or material Leased
Real Property, and neither the Company nor its Subsidiaries have received any written
notice of the intention of any Governmental Authority or other Person to take or
use any Owned Real Property or Leased Real Property.
SECTION 3.14 Intellectual Property.
(a) Section 3.14 of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth a true and complete
list of all (i) registered Intellectual Property owned by the Company and its Subsidiaries
and (ii) Material Intellectual Property (as hereinafter defined) of the Company
and its Subsidiaries. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries have distributed
to any third party the CIS customer relations software or the LIS customer relations
software.
(b) Section 3.14 of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth a true and complete
list of all Contracts under which the Company or its Subsidiaries have licensed
any Material Intellectual Property from any third party or under which the Company
or its Subsidiaries license any Material Intellectual Property to any third party
and any other Contract that concerns the Companys rights under or to Material Intellectual
Property ("Material Intellectual Property Contracts").
(c) Subject to Section 3.14(d) (including the Knowledge qualifiers contained
therein), the Company and its Subsidiaries own, or possess adequate licenses or
other valid rights to use (in each case, free and clear of any Liens, other than
Permitted Liens) all Intellectual Property used in the business of the Company and/or
its Subsidiaries as currently conducted.
(d) To the Knowledge of the Company, the conduct of the business and operations
of the Company and its Subsidiaries and the use of Intellectual Property by the
Company and its Subsidiaries do not infringe, misappropriate, dilute or otherwise
violate ("Infringe") the Intellectual Property rights of any Person.
(e) Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary, nor to the Knowledge of the Company,
any other party, is or is alleged to be in breach or default under any Material
Intellectual Property Contract, which default, either standing alone or with the
passage of time, will give the counterparty thereto the right to terminate, restrict
or modify, to the detriment of the Company or its Subsidiaries, the Companys or
the relevant Subsidiarys rights thereunder or cause additional fees to be paid
thereunder by the Company or its Subsidiaries, nor the Companys Knowledge does
a valid basis exist for any such claim. All of the Material Intellectual Property
Contracts are, to the Knowledge of the Company, valid and enforceable.
(f) Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has received notice of any claim,
that seeks to cancel, limit or challenge the ownership, or any right to use of the
Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or the validity or enforceability, of any registered
Intellectual Property or Material Intellectual Property owned by or Material Intellectual
Property licensed to the Company or its Subsidiaries, and no Litigation or Order
is pending or outstanding or, to the Knowledge of the Company, threatened, in which
such cancellation, limitation or challenge is sought or brought.
(g) To the Knowledge of the Company, no Person is or may be Infringing any Intellectual
Property owned by or exclusively licensed to the Company or its
Subsidiaries, which infringement is, or is reasonably likely to be, material
to the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole.
(h) Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has received any notice,
written or otherwise, of any assertion or claim with respect to any registered Intellectual
Property or Material Intellectual Property owned by or Material Intellectual Property
licensed to the Company or its Subsidiaries.
(i) To the Knowledge of the Company, no Material Intellectual Property owned
by or exclusively licensed to the Company or its Subsidiaries is being used or enforced
in a manner that would result in the abandonment, cancellation or unenforceability
of such Intellectual Property. To the Knowledge of the Company, no registered Intellectual
Property or Material Intellectual Property owned by or Material Intellectual Property
licensed to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is invalid or unenforceable.
(j) The Company and its Subsidiaries take reasonable measures to (i) protect,
maintain and preserve the Material Intellectual Property owned by the Company and/or
its Subsidiaries and (ii) protect the confidentiality of the Trade Secrets included
in Material Intellectual Property owned, used or held by the Company and/or its
Subsidiaries.
(k) The Company and its Subsidiaries (i) take reasonable actions to protect the
confidentiality, integrity and security of its software, databases, systems, networks
and Internet sites and all information stored or contained therein or transmitted
thereby from any unauthorized use, access, interruption or modification by third
parties; and (ii) use reliable encryption (or equivalent) protection to protect
the security and integrity of transactions executed through its software. The information
technology systems used by the Company and its Subsidiaries have not failed or malfunctioned
in the past two years in a manner that had a material impact on the business of
the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole. The Company and its Subsidiaries
have implemented reasonable back up, security and disaster recovery technology consistent
with industry practices.
(l) For purposes of this Agreement, "Intellectual Property" means (i) all trademarks,
trademark rights, trade names, trade name rights, trade dress and other indications
of origin, corporate names, brand names, logos, slogans, certification rights, service
marks, service mark rights, service names, service name rights, business and product
names, applications for trademarks and for service marks, domain names, and other
proprietary rights and information, the goodwill associated with the foregoing and
registration in any jurisdiction of, and applications in any jurisdictions to register,
the foregoing, including any extension, modification or renewal of any such registration
or application; (ii) all inventions, discoveries, developments, ideas, formulae,
processes, industrial models, designs, methodologies, technical information, manufacturing,
engineering and technical drawings, know-how (whether patentable or unpatentable
and whether or not reduced to practice), in any jurisdiction, all improvements thereto,
and all patents, patent rights, applications for patents (including divisions, re-examinations,
continuations, continuations in part and renewal applications), and any renewals,
extensions or reissues thereof or similar legal protections related thereto, in
any jurisdiction; (iii) nonpublic information (including without limitation customer
and supplier lists), trade secrets and confidential information and rights in any jurisdiction to limit the use or disclosure
thereof by any Person ("Trade Secrets"); (iv) copyrights and copyright rights, writings
and other works in any media, whether copyrightable or not, in any jurisdiction,
and all registrations or applications for registration of copyrights in any jurisdiction,
and any renewals, restorations or extensions thereof; (v) all computer software
and computer programs (including data, databases and related documentation and source
code); (vi) any other intellectual property or proprietary rights; (vii) all copies
and tangible documentation related to any of the foregoing and (viii) any claims
or causes of action arising out of or relating to any infringement, dilution, misappropriation
or other violation of any of the foregoing including the right to receive all proceeds
and damages therefrom. "Material Intellectual Property" means any Intellectual Property
the unavailability of which would be materially detrimental to the Company and its
Subsidiaries, taken as a whole.
SECTION 3.15 Material Contracts.
(a) As of the date hereof, neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is
a party to or bound by:
(i) any Contract under which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has (A) incurred
any indebtedness for borrowed money that is currently owing or (B) given any guarantee
in respect of indebtedness for borrowed money, in each case under clauses (A) and
(B), having an aggregate principal amount in excess of $100,000;
(ii) any Contract that purports to limit, curtail or restrict the ability of
the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (or any Affiliate thereof, including Parent
and its Subsidiaries following the Effective Time) to compete or provide services
in any material respect in any market segment and/or geographic area or line of
business, or to hire or solicit the hire for employment of any individual or group;
(iii) any Contract (other than a Contract described in one of the other provisions
of this Section without regard to any threshold contained therein) that involves
annual expenditures by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries in excess of $1,000,000
and is not otherwise cancelable by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries without
any financial or other penalty on 90-days or less notice;
(iv) any Contract (other than a Contract described in one of the other provisions
of this Section without regard to any threshold contained therein) that involves
annual revenue to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries in excess of $1,000,000;
(v) any purchase, sale or supply Contract that contains volume requirements or
commitments, exclusive or preferred purchasing arrangements or promotional requirements;
(vi) any Contract described by Sections 3.15(a)(i)-3.15(a)(v) or Sections 3.15(a)(vii)-3.15(a)(xiv)
that contains any "change of control" or similar provisions that would restrict
or impair the ability of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (or any Affiliate
thereof, including Parent and its Subsidiaries following the Effective Time) to
engage in any actions or transactions, including any provisions granting any third
party a
right to early termination or requiring consent of a third party, receipt of
payment or accelerated vesting under such Contract;
(vii) any purchase, sale, supply or other Contract that contains any "most favored
nation" or equivalent preferential pricing terms for the benefit of any Person other
than the Company or its Subsidiaries;
(viii) Contracts that would be required to be filed as an exhibit to a Form 10-K
filed by the Company with the SEC on the date hereof;
(ix) any letter of intent, letter of understanding, memorandum of understanding,
proposal, request for proposal, bid or other similar document with regard to any
acquisition (including by merger) of capital stock or assets (except for ordinary
course purchases of inventory or similar goods) of any other Person;
(x) any Contract containing any standstill or similar agreement pursuant to which
the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (or any Affiliate thereof, including Parent
and its Subsidiaries following the Effective Time) has agreed not to acquire assets
or securities of another Person, or propose or offer to do so;
(xi) any Contract that (I) would require the licensing or disposition of any
material assets, property or line of business of the Company or its Subsidiaries
or, after the Effective Time, Parent or its Subsidiaries (or any Affiliate thereof),
or (II) prohibits or limits the right of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries
(or any Affiliate thereof, including Parent and its Subsidiaries following the Effective
Time) to use, transfer, license, distribute or enforce any of their respective Material
Intellectual Property rights;
(xii) any Contract between the Company or any of its Subsidiaries and any director
or officer of the Company or any Person beneficially owning five percent or more
of the outstanding Company Common Stock, other than Contracts with respect to Company
Restricted Stock or Options;
(xiii) any Contract providing for indemnification by the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries of any Person, except for any such Contract that is (x) not material
to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, (y) entered into in the ordinary course
of business or (z) otherwise set forth in the Company Disclosure Schedule; and
(xiv) any Contract that contains a put, call or similar right pursuant to which
the Company or any of its Subsidiaries could be required to purchase or sell, as
applicable, any equity interests of any Person or assets that have a fair market
value or purchase price of more than $1,000,000.
The Contracts contemplated by this Section 3.15(a) are referred to collectively
as the "Material Contracts").
(b) The Company has heretofore made available to Parent true, correct and complete
copies of the Material Contracts. Each of the Material Contracts constitutes the
valid and legally binding obligation of the Company or its Subsidiaries, enforceable
in accordance with its terms (subject to the Bankruptcy and Equity Exception), and
is in full force and effect, except as would not have, or would not reasonably be
expected to have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect.
(c) To the Knowledge of the Company, there are no existing material defaults
or breaches by the Company under any Material Contract (or events or conditions
which, with notice or lapse of time or both, would constitute a material default
or breach), and to the Knowledge of the Company, there are no such material defaults
(or events or conditions which, with notice or lapse of time or both, would constitute
a material default or breach) by any other party to any Material Contract. The Company
has no Knowledge of any pending or threatened bankruptcy or similar proceeding with
respect to any party to any Material Contract which would reasonably be expected
to have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect.
(d) Other than the Contracts set forth in Section 3.15 of the Company Disclosure
Schedule, the Company is not a party to or bound by any Contract described in Section
3.15(a)(ii), (x) or (xi) that would be binding on Parent or its Subsidiaries (other
than the Company and its Subsidiaries) following the Effective Time.
SECTION 3.16 Opinion of Financial Advisor. The Board of Directors of the Company
has received the opinion of Deutsche Bank Securities Inc. ("Deutsche Bank"), dated
the date of this Agreement, to the effect that, as of such date, and subject to
the various assumptions and qualifications set forth therein, the Merger Consideration
to be received by holders of the Company Common Stock is fair, from a financial
point of view, to such holders, a signed copy of which opinion will be delivered
to Parent for informational purposes promptly after receipt thereof by the Company.
SECTION 3.17 Brokers and Other Advisors. Except for Deutsche Bank, the fees and
expenses of which will be paid by the Company, no broker, investment banker, financial
advisor or other Person is entitled to any brokers, finders, financial advisors
or other similar fee or commission, or the reimbursement of expenses, in connection
with the Transactions based upon arrangements made by or on behalf of the Company
or any of its Subsidiaries. The Company has made available to Parent a complete
and correct copy of any agreements between the Company and Deutsche Bank pursuant
to which such firm would be entitled to any payment relating to this Agreement,
the Merger or the other Transactions.
SECTION 3.18 State Takeover Laws. The provisions of Sections 110C, 110D and 110F
of the Massachusetts Corporation-Related Laws are inapplicable to this Agreement,
the Merger and the Transactions. No other "fair price", "moratorium", "control share
acquisition", other state takeover statutes (such statutes, collectively with Sections
110C, 110D and 110F of the Massachusetts Corporation-Related Law, "Takeover Statutes")
or any anti-takeover provision in the Company Charter Documents are applicable to
the Merger, this Agreement or the Transactions.
SECTION 3.19 Shareholders Rights Agreement. Neither the Company nor any of its
Subsidiaries currently has in effect, or intends to adopt, a shareholders rights
agreement or any similar plan or agreement that limits or impairs the ability of
any person to purchase or become the direct or indirect beneficial owner of, shares of Company
Common Stock or any other equity or debt securities of the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries.
SECTION 3.20 Transactions with Affiliates. Except for a persons ownership of
Company Common Stock or for customary compensation and benefits received in the
ordinary course of business as an employee or director of the Company or any of
its Subsidiaries, to the extent disclosed in the Company SEC Documents filed prior
to the date of this Agreement, no director, officer or other Affiliate of the Company
or any of its Subsidiaries, or any entity in which, to the Knowledge of the Company,
any such director, officer or other Affiliate owns, individually or in the aggregate,
any beneficial interest (other than a publicly held corporation whose stock is traded
on a national securities exchange or in the over-the-counter market and less than
5% of the stock of which is beneficially owned by any such Person): (i) receives
any material benefit from any contract, arrangement or understanding with or relating
to the business or operations of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries; (ii) is
a party to or receives any material benefit from any loan, arrangement, understanding,
agreement or contract for or relating to indebtedness of the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries; or (iii) has any material interest in any property (real, personal
or mixed), tangible or intangible, used, or currently intended to be used, in the
business or operations of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
SECTION 3.21 Change of Control Agreements. Except as contemplated by Section
5.11 of this Agreement and except for the Merger Consideration, neither the execution
and delivery of this Agreement nor the consummation of the Merger will (either alone
or in conjunction with any other event) (i) result in any payment or benefit to
any employee of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or (ii) result in any payment
or benefit to any director or officer of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
SECTION 3.22 Regulatory Compliance.
(a) Except as would not be reasonably likely to be materially detrimental to
the Company and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole, the Company and each of its Subsidiaries
have all licenses, franchises, permits, certificates, approvals and billing and
other authorizations (collectively, "Permits") necessary for the conduct of their
respective businesses and the use of their properties and assets as presently conducted
and used, and the Companys and its Subsidiaries respective employees and agents
have all Permits necessary for the conduct of their professional activities. Except
as would not be reasonably likely to be materially detrimental to the Company and
its Subsidiaries taken as a whole, the Company and each of its Subsidiaries have
had at all times during the previous three years all Permits necessary for the conduct
of their respective businesses and the use of their properties and assets as conducted
and used at such respective times. Except as would not be reasonably likely to be
materially detrimental to the Company and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole, to
the Knowledge of the Company, the Companys and its Subsidiaries respective employees
have had at all times during the previous three years all Permits necessary for
the conduct of their professional activities at such respective times. Except as
would not be reasonably likely to be materially detrimental to the Company and its
Subsidiaries taken as a whole, neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has
received written notice from any Governmental Authority, nor does the Company have
Knowledge, that any such Permit is subject to revocation, suspension, or any other disciplinary or adverse administrative
action by any Governmental Authority. Except as would not be reasonably likely to
be materially detrimental to the Company and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole,
no Permit applicable to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is subject to a consent
order or any other final adverse disciplinary or administrative action, any of which
is still in force and effect.
(b) Except as would not be reasonably likely to be materially detrimental to
the Company and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole, the Company and each of its Subsidiaries
are in compliance with all Health Care Laws and the terms of all Permits to the
extent applicable to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or any of its or their
respective businesses or operations. Except as would not be reasonably likely to
be materially detrimental to the Company and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole,
no aspect of the Companys or any of its Subsidiaries respective businesses or
operations is reasonably likely to cease to comply with any Health Care Law or the
terms of any Permit.
(c) Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries, nor to the Knowledge of
the Company, any director, officer or employee of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries,
is currently, or has been at any time since February 6, 2005: (i) excluded from
participation in any federal health care program or state health care program, (ii)
convicted of any criminal offense in respect of any Health Care Law, other than
those individuals identified in Section 3.22(c)(iii) below, (iii) convicted of any
criminal offense that falls within the ambit of 42 U.S.C. 1320a-7(a) but has not
yet been excluded, debarred, suspended or otherwise declared ineligible, (iv) debarred
or disqualified from participation in regulated activities for any violation or
alleged violation of any Health Care Law, but who is not excluded or otherwise listed
in the listing described in Section 3.22(c)(v) below, (v) listed on the General
Services Administration List of Parties Excluded from Federal Programs, or (vi)
a party to or subject to, or, to the Knowledge of the Company, threatened to be
made a party to or subject to, any action or proceeding concerning any of the matters
described in clauses (i), (ii), (iii), (iv) or (v).
(d) The Company and each of its Subsidiaries have developed a plan and time line
(the "Compliance Plan") for coming into compliance with all Health Care Laws that
have been passed or adopted prior to the date of this Agreement but which are not
yet applicable, or contain provisions that are not yet applicable, to the Company
but which are reasonably likely to be become applicable to the Company or its Subsidiaries
within twelve months of the date hereof and have implemented, or are currently implementing,
the provisions of the Compliance Plan to ensure that the Company and each of its
Subsidiaries will be in compliance with such Laws at such time as they become applicable
to the Company, except for failures to comply with any of the foregoing that are
not, and would not reasonably be expected to be, individually or in the aggregate,
materially detrimental to the Company and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole.
(e) Except as would not be reasonably likely to be materially detrimental to
the Company and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole, the Company and each of its Subsidiaries
are in compliance with all applicable Laws, including all Health Care Laws, governing
marketing or promotional activities, including, without limitation, requirements
administered by the Federal Trade Commission, the Federal Communications Commission,
the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid, and other federal and state regulatory agencies such as
"do not call" and "do not fax" registries.
(f) Except as would not be reasonably likely to be materially detrimental to
the Company and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole, and except in compliance with
applicable Laws, including all Health Care Laws, neither the Company nor any of
its Subsidiaries: (i) makes available to any Person for free or a nominal charge
any ancillary supplies, goods, services, coupons, vouchers or discount cards or
programs, (ii) has any financial relationships as defined in 42 U.S.C. 1395nn(a)
with physicians, or (iii) receives any payments from manufacturers other than customary
rebates, and purchase discounts, and other non-monetary benefits.
(g) Since November 8, 2004, to the Knowledge of the Company, neither the Company
nor any of its Subsidiaries has engaged in any conduct that would be reasonably
likely to result in or constitute a Material Breach of the Corporate Integrity Agreement
(as defined therein) among the Company, certain of its Subsidiaries and the Office
of the Inspector General of the Department of Health and Human Services ("OIG")
dated November 8, 2004 ("CIA"), including, without limitation, the training and
education obligations, disclosure program, screening requirements, notification
requirements and reporting obligations set forth therein, except as disclosed to
the OIG, provided that the foregoing representation and warranty is not made with
respect to any business, operation or Subsidiary at a time when such business, operation
or Subsidiary was not owned, directly or indirectly, by the Company. No Stipulated
Penalty has been assessed, and no Material Breach has occurred under the CIA. The
Company has provided Parent with, and specifically identified to Parent, true and
complete copies of (i) all notices, reports, certifications and other communications
submitted by the Company to the OIG pursuant to the CIA, and (ii) all notices, demand
letters and other communications received by the Company from the OIG pursuant to
the CIA.
SECTION 3.23 Ethical Business Practices. None of the Company, any Subsidiary,
or to the Knowledge of the Company, any directors, officers, agents or employees
of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has, on behalf of the Company or any of
its Subsidiaries, (a) used any funds for unlawful contributions, unlawful gifts,
unlawful entertainment or other unlawful expenses relating to political activity,
(b) made any unlawful payment to foreign or domestic government officials or employees
or to foreign or domestic political parties or campaigns or violated any provision
of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, as amended, or (c) made any payment
in the nature of criminal bribery.
SECTION 3.24 Insurance. All material insurance policies ("Policies") with respect
to the business and assets of the Company and its Subsidiaries are in full force
and effect. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is in material breach
or default, and neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries have taken any action
or failed to take any action which, with notice or the lapse of time, would constitute
such a breach or default, or permit termination or modification of any of the Policies.
With respect to each of the legal proceedings set forth in the Company SEC Documents,
no such insurer has informed the Company or any of its Subsidiaries of any denial
of coverage. The Company and its Subsidiaries have not received any written notice
of cancellation of any of the Policies. To the Knowledge of the Company, all appropriate insurers under the Policies have
been timely notified of all potentially insurable material losses and pending litigation,
and all appropriate actions have been taken to timely file all claims in respect
of such insurable matters.
SECTION 3.25 No Other Representations or Warranties. Except for the representations
and warranties made by the Company in this Article III, neither the Company nor
any other Person makes any representation or warranty to Parent or Merger Sub in
this Agreement or any other Contract with respect to the Company or its Subsidiaries
or their respective business, operations, assets, liabilities, condition (financial
or otherwise) or prospects, notwithstanding the delivery or disclosure to Parent
or any of its Affiliates or representatives of any documentation, forecasts or other
information with respect to any one or more of the foregoing.
ARTICLE IV
Representations and Warranties of Parent and Merger Sub
Parent and Merger Sub jointly and severally represent and warrant to the Company:
SECTION 4.1 Organization; Standing. Parent is a corporation duly organized, validly
existing and in good standing under the Laws of the State of Delaware and Merger
Sub is a corporation duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under
the Laws of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts.
SECTION 4.2 Authority; Noncontravention.
(a) Each of Parent and Merger Sub has all necessary corporate power and authority
to execute and deliver this Agreement, to perform their respective obligations hereunder
and to consummate the Transactions. The execution, delivery and performance by Parent
and Merger Sub of this Agreement, and the consummation by Parent and Merger Sub
of the Transactions, have been duly authorized and approved by their respective
boards of directors and adopted by Parent as the sole shareholder of Merger Sub,
and no other corporate action on the part of Parent and Merger Sub is necessary
to authorize the execution, delivery and performance by Parent and Merger Sub of
this Agreement and the consummation by them of the Transactions. This Agreement
has been duly executed and delivered by Parent and Merger Sub and, assuming due
authorization, execution and delivery hereof by the Company, constitutes a legal,
valid and binding obligation of each of Parent and Merger Sub, enforceable against
each of them in accordance with its terms, subject to the Bankruptcy and Equity
Exception.
(b) Neither the execution and delivery of this Agreement by Parent and Merger
Sub, nor the consummation by Parent or Merger Sub of the Transactions, nor compliance
by Parent or Merger Sub with any of the terms or provisions hereof, will (i) conflict
with or violate any provision of the certificate of incorporation or articles of
organization, as applicable, or bylaws of Parent or Merger Sub or (ii) assuming
that the authorizations, consents and approvals referred to in Section 4.3 are obtained
and the filings referred to in Section 4.3 are made, (x) violate any Law, judgment,
award, writ or injunction of any Governmental Authority applicable to Parent or any of its Subsidiaries,
(y) violate or constitute a default under any of the terms, conditions or provisions
of any Contract to which Parent, Merger Sub or any of their respective Subsidiaries
is a party or by which Parent, Merger Sub or any of their respective Subsidiaries
or any property or asset of any of them is bound or affected, except, in the case
of clause (ii), for such violations or defaults as would not reasonably be expected
to impair in any material respect the ability of Parent or Merger Sub to perform
its obligations hereunder or prevent or materially delay consummation of the Transactions
(a "Parent Material Adverse Effect").
SECTION 4.3 Governmental Approvals. Except for (i) filings required under, and
compliance with other applicable requirements of, the Exchange Act and the rules
of The New York Stock Exchange, (ii) the filing of the Articles of Merger with the
Secretary of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts pursuant to the MBCA and (iii) filings
required under, and compliance with other applicable requirements of, the HSR Act,
no consents or approvals of, or filings, declarations or registrations with, any
Governmental Authority are necessary for the execution and delivery of this Agreement
by Parent and Merger Sub and the consummation by Parent and Merger Sub of the Transactions,
other than such other consents, approvals, filings, declarations or registrations
that, if not obtained, made or given, would not have or would not reasonably be
expected to have a Parent Material Adverse Effect.
SECTION 4.4 Information Supplied. The information supplied by Parent for inclusion
(or incorporation by reference) in the Proxy Statement will not, on the date it
is first mailed to shareholders of the Company and at the time of the Company Shareholders
Meeting, contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material
fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements
therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they are made, not misleading.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, Parent and Merger Sub make no representation or warranty
with respect to information supplied by or on behalf of the Company for inclusion
or incorporation by reference in the Proxy Statement.
SECTION 4.5 Ownership and Operations of Merger Sub. Parent owns, directly or
indirectly, all of the outstanding capital stock of Merger Sub. Merger Sub was formed
solely for the purpose of engaging in the Transactions, has engaged in no other
business activities and has conducted its operations only as contemplated hereby.
SECTION 4.6 Capital Resources. Parent and Merger Sub collectively will have at
the Effective Time, sufficient cash and cash equivalents available to pay the aggregate
Merger Consideration and Option Consideration and to perform their respective obligations
under this Agreement.
SECTION 4.7 Brokers and Other Advisors. Except for Lazard Frres & Co., the fees
and expenses of which will be paid by Parent, no broker, investment banker, financial
advisor or other Person is entitled to any brokers, finders, financial advisors
or other similar fee or commission in connection with the Transactions based upon
arrangements made by or on behalf of Parent or any of its Subsidiaries.
ARTICLE V
Additional Covenants and Agreements
SECTION 5.01 Preparation of the Proxy Statement; Shareholders Meeting.
(a) As soon as reasonably practicable following the date of this Agreement (and
in any event within twenty days after the date of this Agreement), the Company shall
prepare and file with the SEC the Proxy Statement. Unless a Company Adverse Recommendation
Change (as defined in Section 5.3(d)) shall have occurred prior to the mailing of
the Proxy Statement to the Companys shareholders, the Company shall include in
the Proxy Statement the unanimous recommendation of the Board of Directors that
the shareholders of the Company vote in favor of the adoption of this Agreement
and the written opinion of Deutsche Bank, dated as of the date hereof, to the effect
set forth in Section 3.16. Parent, Merger Sub and the Company will cooperate and
consult with each other in the preparation of the Proxy Statement. Without limiting
the generality of the foregoing, each of Parent and Merger Sub will furnish to the
Company the information relating to it required by the Exchange Act and the rules
and regulations promulgated thereunder to be set forth in the Proxy Statement. The
Company shall use its reasonable best efforts to resolve, in consultation with Parent,
all SEC comments with respect to the Proxy Statement as promptly as practicable
after receipt thereof and to cause the Proxy Statement to be mailed to the Companys
shareholders as soon as practicable after the Proxy Statement is cleared by the
SEC. Each of Parent, Merger Sub and the Company agree to correct any information
provided by it for use in the Proxy Statement which shall have become false or misleading.
The Company shall as soon as reasonably practicable (i) notify Parent and Merger
Sub of the receipt of any comments from the SEC with respect to the Proxy Statement
and any request by the SEC for any amendment to the Proxy Statement or for additional
information and (ii) provide Parent with copies of all written correspondence between
the Company and its Representatives, on the one hand, and the SEC, on the other
hand, with respect to the Proxy Statement. No amendment or supplement to the Proxy
Statement will be made by the Company without consultation with Parent.
(b) As soon as reasonably practicable following the date the Proxy Statement
is cleared by the SEC, the Company, acting through its Board of Directors, shall
duly call, give notice of, convene and hold a meeting of its shareholders for the
purpose of adopting this Agreement (the "Company Shareholders Meeting"), which meeting
shall be held on a date no later than the date that is thirty business days following
the date the Proxy Statement is first mailed to the Companys shareholders. The
Company shall take all action necessary in accordance with applicable Law, the Companys
articles of organization and the Companys by-laws to duly call, give notice of
and convene the Company Shareholders Meeting, and shall not postpone or adjourn
such meeting except to the extent required by applicable Law. Unless the Board of
Directors of the Company has made a Company Adverse Recommendation Change or has
entered into a Company Acquisition Agreement (as defined in Section 5.3(d)) as permitted
by this Agreement, the Company shall use its reasonable best efforts to solicit
from holders of shares of Company Common Stock entitled to vote at the Company Shareholders
Meeting proxies in favor of adoption of this Agreement and to secure the vote or consent of such holders required by the MBCA or this
Agreement to effect the Merger.
SECTION 5.2 Conduct of Business.
(a) Except as expressly contemplated by this Agreement or as required by applicable
Law or as expressly contemplated by Section 5.2 of the Company Disclosure Schedule,
during the period from the date of this Agreement until the Effective Time, unless
Parent otherwise consents (w |