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AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER
This AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER (this "Agreement") is made and entered into
as of this 28th day of January, 2007 by and among Laureate Education, Inc., a Maryland
corporation (the "Company"), Wengen Alberta, Limited Partnership, an Alberta limited
partnership ("Parent"), and L Curve Sub Inc., a Maryland corporation and a direct
subsidiary of Parent ("Merger Sub").
RECITALS
A. The parties intend that Merger Sub be merged with and into the Company (the
"Merger"), with the Company surviving the Merger as a wholly owned subsidiary of
Parent (the "Surviving Corporation"). The name of the Surviving Corporation shall
be Laureate Education, Inc.
B. The Board of Directors of the Company, acting upon the unanimous recommendation
of the Special Committee, has (i) determined that the Merger and this Agreement
are advisable and fair to and in the best interests of the Company and its stockholders,
(ii) approved this Agreement and (iii) resolved to recommend that stockholders of
the Company approve this Agreement.
C. The Board of Directors of Merger Sub has unanimously approved this Agreement.
D. Certain existing stockholders of the Company desire to contribute shares of
Common Stock to Parent immediately prior to the Effective Time in exchange for interests
in Parent.
E. The Company, Parent and Merger Sub desire to make certain representations,
warranties, covenants and agreements in connection with the Merger and also to prescribe
certain conditions to the Merger, as set forth herein.
AGREEMENT
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing and the representations, warranties,
covenants and agreements contained herein, intending to be legally bound, the parties
hereto agree as follows:
ARTICLE I
DEFINITIONS
Section 1.1 Definitions. For purposes of this Agreement, the following terms
have the respective meanings set forth below:
"Acceptable Confidentiality Agreement" has the meaning set forth in Section 7.4(h)(i).
"Accrediting Body" means any entity or organization, whether private or quasi-private,
whether foreign or domestic, which engages in the granting or withholding of accreditation
of post-secondary institutions or their educational programs in accordance with
standards and requirements relating to the performance, operations, financial condition
and/or academic standards of such institutions.
"Act" means the Maryland General Corporation Law.
"Affiliate" means, with respect to any Person, any other Person, directly or
indirectly, controlling, controlled by, or under common control with, such Person.
For purposes of this definition, the term "control" (including the correlative terms
"controlling", "controlled by" and "under common control with") means the possession,
directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management
and policies of a Person, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by
contract or otherwise.
"Agreement" has the meaning set forth in the Preamble.
"Articles of Merger" has the meaning set forth in Section 2.1(b).
"Business Day" means any day other than the days on which banks in New York,
New York are required or authorized to close.
"Certificate" has the meaning set forth in Section 2.2(c).
"Closing" has the meaning set forth in Section 2.1(d).
"Closing Date" has the meaning set forth in Section 2.1(d).
"Code" means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.
"Common Stock" means the Companys common stock, par value $.01 per share.
"Company" has the meaning set forth in the Preamble.
"Company Acquisition Proposal" has the meaning set forth in Section 7.4(h)(ii).
"Company Benefit Plans" means the Employee Benefit Plans (other than any multiemployer
plan within the meaning of ERISA Section 3(37)) and stock purchase, stock option,
severance, retention, employee loan, collective bargaining, employment, change-in-control,
fringe benefit, bonus, incentive, deferred compensation and all other material employee
benefit plans, agreements, programs, policies or other arrangements, whether or
not subject to ERISA, whether formal or informal, oral or written, legally binding
or not, under which any Company Employee has any present or future right to benefits
and which is maintained or contributed to by the Company or any of its Material
Subsidiaries or under which the Company or any of its Material Subsidiaries has
any present or future liability.
"Company Disclosure Letter" has the meaning set forth in the preamble to Article
IV.
"Company Employee" means any current, former or retired employee, officer, consultant,
independent contractor or director of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
"Company Equity Awards" means Company Options, Company Restricted Shares, and
Company Performance Shares.
"Company Joint Venture" means, with respect to the Company, any corporation or
other entity (including partnerships, limited liability companies and other business
associations and joint ventures) in which the Company, directly or indirectly, owns
an equity interest that does not have voting power under ordinary circumstances
to elect a majority of the board of directors or other person performing similar
functions but in which the Company has rights with respect to the management of
such Person.
"Company Options" means outstanding options to acquire Common Stock from the
Company granted to Company Employees under the Company Stock Plans and, to the extent
set forth in Section 1.1 of the Company Disclosure Letter, the other options to
acquire Common Stock from the Company set forth therein.
"Company Performance Shares" means performance shares granted to Company Employees
under the Company Stock Plans that vest and become issuable upon the attainment
of certain performance criteria pursuant to the Company Stock Plans or any applicable
award agreement and, to the extent set forth in Section 1.1 of the Company Disclosure
Letter, the other performance shares granted to Company Employees that vest and
become issuable upon the attainment of certain performance criteria pursuant to
any applicable award agreement set forth therein.
"Company Proxy Statement" means the proxy statement relating to the approval
of the Merger by the Companys stockholders prepared in accordance with applicable
Law and including the information required to be included therein by Schedule 13E-3.
"Company Restricted Shares" means, as of a particular date, Common Stock granted
to Company Employees under the Company Stock Plans that are then outstanding but
at such time are subject to forfeiture conditions or other lapse restrictions pursuant
to the Company Stock Plans or any applicable restricted stock award agreements and,
to the extent set forth in Section 1.1 of the Company Disclosure Letter, the other
Common Stock granted to Company Employees that are then outstanding but at such
time are subject to forfeiture conditions or other lapse restrictions pursuant to
any applicable restricted stock award agreements set forth therein.
"Company SEC Reports" has the meaning set forth in Section 4.7(a).
"Company Securities" has the meaning set forth in Section 4.5(b).
"Company Stockholder Meeting" has the meaning set forth in Section 7.1(a).
"Company Stock Plans" means the 1993 Employee Stock Option Plan, the 1993 Management
Stock Option Plan, the Senior Management Option Plan dated March 29, 1996, the 1998
Stock Incentive Plan, the 2003 Stock Incentive Plan and the 2005 Stock Incentive
Plan.
"Compensation" has the meaning set forth in Section 7.8(a).
"Confidentiality Agreements" means the several confidentiality agreements listed
in Section 1.1 of the Parent Disclosure Letter.
"Contract" has the meaning set forth in Section 4.4.
"Cooperation Agreement" means the Cooperation Agreement of even date herewith
between the Company and DLB.
"Current Employee" has the meaning set forth in Section 7.8(a).
"Current Policies" has the meaning set forth in Section 7.5(a).
"Damages" has the meaning set forth in Section 7.5(a).
"Debt Financing" has the meaning set forth in Section 5.7.
"Debt Financing Commitments" has the meaning set forth in Section 5.7.
"Disbursing Agent" has the meaning set forth in Section 2.3(a).
"Disinterested Director" means a member of the Board of Directors of the Company
who (i) has no direct or indirect interest in Parent, whether as an investor or
otherwise, (ii) is not a representative of any Person who has any such interest
in Parent and (iii) is not otherwise affiliated with Parent.
"DLB" means Douglas L. Becker.
"DOE" means the United States Department of Education.
"DOJ" has the meaning set forth in Section 7.2(b).
"Domestic Institution" means the post-secondary institution comprising a main
campus and its additional locations or branches, identified by a single Office of
Post-secondary Education Identification Number by DOE, and owned and operated by
the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
"Education Department" means any nation or government or any agency, public or
regulatory authority, instrumentality, department, commission, court, arbitrator,
ministry, tribunal or board of any nation or government or political subdivision
thereof, in each case, whether foreign or domestic and whether national, supranational,
federal, tribal, provincial, state, regional, local or municipal, having specific
jurisdiction over the operation of or provision of Student Financial Assistance
Programs funds to or on behalf of the students of post-secondary educational or
training institutions or guaranteeing student loans to students at such institutions.
"Effective Time" has the meaning set forth in Section 2.1(b).
"Employee Benefit Plan" means an employee benefit plan within the meaning of
Section 3(3) of ERISA.
"Employment Agreement" means any employment, severance, retention, termination,
indemnification, change in control or similar agreement between the Company or any
of its Subsidiaries, on the one hand, and any current or former employee of the
Company or any of its Subsidiaries, on the other hand.
"End Date" has the meaning set forth in Section 9.1(b)(i).
"Equity Financing" has the meaning set forth in Section 5.7.
"Equity Financing Commitments" has the meaning set forth in Section 5.7.
"Equity Rollover Commitments" has the meaning set forth in Section 5.8.
"ERISA" means the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended.
"Exchange Act" means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the
rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
"Execution Date" means the date on which this Agreement is executed and delivered
by each of the parties hereto.
"Excluded Party" has the meaning set forth in Section 7.4(b).
"Financing" has the meaning set forth in Section 5.7.
"Financing Commitments" has the meaning set forth in Section 5.7.
"Five-Year Credit Agreement" means the Five-Year Credit Agreement dated as of
August 16, 2006 among the Company and a Subsidiary of the Company, as Borrowers,
the Lenders party thereto, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as Facility Agent, J.P. Morgan
Europe Limited, as London Agent, and others, as amended by the First Amendment dated
as of October 24, 2006.
"Foreign Institution" means any post-secondary institution owned and operated
by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries that is not a Domestic Institution.
"FTC" has the meaning set forth in Section 7.2(b).
"GAAP" means United States generally accepted accounting principles.
"Governmental Authority" means any nation or government or any agency, public
or regulatory authority, instrumentality, department, commission, court, arbitrator,
ministry, tribunal or board of any nation or government or political subdivision
thereof, in each case, whether foreign or domestic and whether national, supranational,
federal, tribal, provincial, state, regional, local or municipal, and any Education
Department or Accrediting Body.
"HEA" means the Higher Education Act of 1965, as amended, 20 U.S.C.A. §1070 et
seq., and any amendments or successor statutes thereto.
"HSR Act" means the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976, as
amended.
"Insurance Amount" has the meaning set forth in Section 7.5(a).
"Investors Agreement" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 6.2.
"Knowledge of the Company" means the actual knowledge of the Persons set forth
in Section 1.1 of the Company Disclosure Letter.
"Law" means applicable statutes, common laws, rules, ordinances, regulations,
codes, licensing requirements, orders, judgments, injunctions, writs, decrees, licenses,
governmental guidelines, standards or interpretations having the force of law, permits,
rules and bylaws, in each case, of or administered by a Governmental Authority.
"Liens" means, with respect to any asset, any mortgage, lien, pledge, charge,
security interest or encumbrance of any kind in respect of such asset.
"Marketing Period" has the meaning set forth in Section 7.9(b).
"Material Adverse Effect on the Company" means a material adverse effect on the
assets, liabilities, business, financial condition or results of operations of the
Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole; provided, however, that in no event
shall any of the following, alone or in combination, be deemed to constitute, nor
shall any of the following be taken into account in determining whether there has
been, a Material Adverse Effect on the Company: (A) any fact, change, development,
circumstance, event, effect or occurrence (an "Effect") in general economic or political
conditions or in the financial or securities markets, (B) any Effect generally affecting,
or resulting from general changes or developments in, the industries in which the
Company and its Subsidiaries operate, (C) any failure to meet internal or published
projections, forecasts or revenue or earnings predictions for any period (provided
that the underlying causes of such failures shall not be excluded), (D) any change
in the price or trading volume of the Common Stock in and of itself (provided that
the underlying causes of such changes shall not be excluded), (E) any Effect that
is demonstrated to have resulted from the announcement of the Merger, or the identity
of Parent or any of its Affiliates as the acquiror of the Company, (F) compliance
with the terms of, or the taking of any action required by, this Agreement consented
to in writing by Parent, (G) any acts of terrorism or war (other than any of the
foregoing that causes any damage or destruction to or renders unusable any facility
or property of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or that renders any of the
foregoing facilities or properties inaccessible for a period of more than 20 calendar
days), (H) changes in generally accepted accounting principles or the interpretation
thereof, or (I) any weather-related event (other than any of the foregoing that
causes any damage or destruction to or renders unusable any facility or property
of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or that renders any of the foregoing facilities
or properties inaccessible for a period of more than 20 calendar days), except,
in the case of clauses (A) and (B), to the extent such Effects referred to therein
would be reasonably likely to have a materially disproportionate impact on the assets
or liabilities, business, financial condition or results of operations of the Company
and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, relative to other for profit industry participants.
"Material Subsidiary" means any Subsidiary (a) the consolidated assets of which
equal 2% or more of the consolidated assets of the Company and the Subsidiaries
as of September 30, 2006, or (b) the consolidated revenues of which equal 2% or
more of the consolidated revenues of the Company and the Subsidiaries for the four
consecutive fiscal quarters ended September 30, 2006.
"Merger" has the meaning set forth in the Recitals.
"Merger Consideration" has the meaning set forth in Section 2.2(c).
"Merger Shares" has the meaning set forth in Section 2.2(c).
"Merger Sub" has the meaning set forth in the Preamble.
"Merger Sub Shares" means the common stock of Merger Sub, par value $.01 per
share.
"New Financing Commitments" has the meaning set forth in Section 7.9(c).
"No-Shop Period Start Date" has the meaning set forth in Section 7.4(a).
"Notice Period" has the meaning set forth in Section 7.4(e).
"Other Antitrust Laws" means any Law enacted by any Governmental Authority relating
to antitrust matters or regulating competition, other than the HSR Act.
"Parent" has the meaning set forth in the Preamble.
"Parent Disclosure Letter" has the meaning set forth in the preamble to Article
V.
"Parent Expenses" has the meaning set forth in Section 9.2(d).
"Parent Plan" has the meaning set forth in Section 7.8(b).
"Permits" means any licenses, franchises, permits, accreditations, certificates,
consents, approvals, registrations, qualifications or other similar authorizations
of, from or by a Governmental Authority possessed by or granted to or necessary
for the ownership of the material assets or conduct of the business of the Company
or its Subsidiaries.
"Permitted Liens" means (i) Liens for Taxes, assessments and governmental charges
or levies not yet due and payable or that are being contested in good faith and
by appropriate proceedings; (ii) mechanics, carriers, workmens, repairmens,
materialmens or other Liens or security interests that secure a liquidated amount
that are being contested in good faith and by appropriate proceedings; (iii) leases,
subleases and licenses (other than capital leases and leases underlying sale and
leaseback transactions); (iv) Liens imposed by applicable Law; (v) pledges or deposits
to secure obligations under workers compensation Laws or similar legislation or
to secure public or statutory obligations; (vi) pledges and deposits to secure the
performance of bids, trade contracts, leases, surety and appeal bonds, performance
bonds and other obligations of a similar nature, in each case in the ordinary course
of business; (vii) easements, covenants and rights of way (unrecorded and of record)
and other similar restrictions of record, and zoning, building and other similar
restrictions, in each case that do not adversely affect in any material respect
the current use of the applicable property owned, leased, used or held for use by
the Company or any of its Subsidiaries; (viii) Liens the existence of which are
specifically disclosed in the notes to the consolidated financial statements of
the Company included in any Company SEC Report filed prior to the date of this Agreement;
(ix) any other Liens that do not secure a liquidated amount, that have been incurred
or suffered in the ordinary course of business and that would not, individually
or in the aggregate, have a material effect on the Company or the ability of Parent
to obtain the Debt Financing; and (x) any other Liens set forth on Section 1.1 of
the Company Disclosure Letter.
"Person" means any individual, corporation, company, limited liability company,
partnership, association, trust, joint venture or any other entity or organization,
including any government or political subdivision or any agency or instrumentality
thereof.
"Post-Closing Educational Consents" has the meaning set forth Section 7.2(e).
"Pre-Closing Education Consents" has the meaning set forth in Section 7.2(e).
"Preferred Stock" has the meaning set forth in Section 4.5(a).
"Proceeding" has the meaning set forth in Section 4.12.
"Recommendation" has the meaning set forth in Section 7.1(a).
"Recommendation Withdrawal" has the meaning set forth in Section 7.4(e).
"Replacement Policies" has the meaning set forth in Section 7.5(a).
"Representatives" has the meaning set forth in Section 7.4(a).
"Requisite Stockholder Vote" has the meaning set forth in Section 4.2(a).
"Restraint" has the meaning set forth in Section 8.1(c).
"Rollover Entities" has the meaning set forth in Section 5.8.
"Schedule 13E-3" means a Rule 13e-3 Transaction Statement on Schedule 13E-3 relating
to the Merger and the other transactions contemplated hereby.
"SDAT" means the Maryland State Department of Assessments and Taxation.
"SEC" means the United States Securities and Exchange Commission.
"Securities Act" means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules
and regulations promulgated thereunder.
"Special Committee" means a committee of the Companys Board of Directors, the
members of which are not affiliated with Parent or Merger Sub and are not members
of the Companys management, formed on September 8, 2006 for the reasons set forth
in the resolution establishing such committee.
"Specified SEC Reports" means the Companys (i) Annual Report on Form 10-K, as
amended, filed on March 23, 2006, (ii) Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A, filed on
May 1, 2006. (iii) Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, filed on May 10, 2006, August
4, 2006 and November 3, 2006, and (iv) Current Reports on Form 8-K filed after March
23, 2006 and prior to the date of this Agreement.
"ST" means Steven Taslitz.
"Sterling" means Fund Management Services, LLC.
"Sterling Confidentiality Agreement" has the meaning set forth in Section 7.10.
"Student Financial Assistance Programs" means the Title IV Programs and any other
program authorized by the HEA and administered by the DOE, as well as any other
student assistance grant or loan programs or other government-sponsored student
assistance programs.
"Subsidiary", with respect to any Person, means any other Person of which the
first Person owns, directly or indirectly, securities or other ownership interests
having voting power to elect a majority of the board of directors or other persons
performing similar functions (or, if there are no such voting interests, 50% or
more of the equity interests of the second Person).
"Subsidiary Securities" has the meaning set forth in Section 4.6(b).
"Substantial Control" has the meaning set forth in Section 4.15(e).
"Superior Proposal" has the meaning set forth in Section 7.4(h)(iii).
"Surviving Corporation" has the meaning set forth in the Recitals.
"Takeover Statute" has the meaning set forth in Section 4.18.
"Tax" means (i) all U.S. Federal, state, local, foreign and other taxes (including
withholding taxes), fees and other governmental charges of any kind or nature whatsoever,
together with any interest, penalties or additions imposed with respect thereto,
(ii) any liability for payment of amounts described in clause (i) whether as a result
of transferee liability or joint and several liability for being a member of an
affiliated, consolidated, combined or unitary group for any period, and (iii) any
liability for the payment of amounts described in clause (i) or (ii) as a result
of any tax sharing, tax indemnity or tax allocation agreement or any other express
or implied agreement to pay or indemnify any other Person.
"Tax Return" means any return, declaration, report, statement, information statement
or other document filed or required to be filed with respect to Taxes, including
any amendments or supplements to any of the foregoing.
"Termination Fee" means $110,000,000 except in the event that any third party
has made a bona fide Company Acquisition Proposal on or before the No-Shop Period
Start Date, which Company Acquisition Proposal the Board of Directors of the Company
(acting through the Special Committee, if such committee still exists, or otherwise
by resolution of a majority of its Disinterested Directors) determined in good faith
pursuant to Section 7.4(b), and after consultation with its financial and legal
advisors, constituted or could have reasonably been expected to result in, a Superior
Proposal, and this Agreement is terminated by the Company pursuant to Section 9.1(c)(ii)
in order to enter into a definitive agreement with respect to a Company Acquisition
Proposal with such third party in which case Termination Fee shall mean $55,000,000.
"Title IV Programs" means the programs of student financial assistance authorized
by Title IV of the HEA.
"Voting Agreement" has the meaning set forth in Section 4.2(a).
Section 1.2 Terms Generally. The definitions in Section 1.1 shall apply equally
to both the singular and plural forms of the terms defined. Whenever the context
may require, any pronoun shall include the corresponding masculine, feminine and
neuter forms. The words "include", "includes" and "including" shall be deemed to
be followed by the phrase "without limitation", unless the context expressly provides
otherwise. All references herein to Sections, paragraphs, subparagraphs, clauses,
Exhibits or Schedules shall be deemed references to Sections, paragraphs, subparagraphs
or clauses of, or Exhibits or Schedules to this Agreement, unless the context requires
otherwise. Unless otherwise expressly defined, terms defined in this Agreement have
the same meanings when used in any Exhibit or Schedule hereto, including the Company
Disclosure Letter. Unless otherwise specified, the words "herein", "hereof", "hereto"
and "hereunder" and other words of similar import refer to this Agreement as a whole
(including the Schedules and Exhibits) and not to any particular provision of this
Agreement. The term "or" is not exclusive. The word "extent" in the phrase "to the
extent" shall mean the degree to which a subject or other thing extends, and such
phrase shall not mean simply "if". The phrase "date hereof" or "date of this Agreement"
shall be deemed to refer to January 28, 2007. Any Contract, instrument or Law defined
or referred to herein or in any Contract or instrument that is referred to herein
means such Contract, instrument or Law as from time to time amended, modified or
supplemented, including (in the case of Contracts or instruments) by waiver or consent
and (in the case of Laws) by succession of comparable successor Laws and references
to all attachments thereto and instruments incorporated therein. References to a
Person are also to its permitted successors and assigns.
ARTICLE II
THE MERGER
Section 2.1 The Merger.
(a) At the Effective Time, in accordance with the Act, and upon the terms and
subject to the conditions set forth in this Agreement, Merger Sub shall be merged
with and into the Company, at which time the separate existence of Merger Sub shall
cease and the Company shall survive the Merger as a subsidiary of Parent.
(b) Subject to the provisions of this Agreement, on the Closing Date, the
Company and Merger Sub shall file articles of merger (the "Articles of Merger")
meeting the requirements of the Act for acceptance of record by the SDAT. The
Merger shall become effective at such time as the Articles of Merger are filed
with and accepted of record by the SDAT, or at such later time as the Company
and Merger Sub may agree and specify in the Articles of Merger (such time as
the Merger becomes effective, the "Effective Time").
(c) The Merger shall have the effects set forth in this Agreement and the
applicable provisions of the Act. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing,
and subject thereto, from and after the Effective Time, all property, rights,
privileges, immunities, powers, franchises, licenses and authority of the Company
and Merger Sub shall vest in the Surviving Corporation, and all debts, liabilities,
obligations, restrictions and duties of each of the Company and Merger Sub shall
become the debts, liabilities, obligations, restrictions and duties of the Surviving
Corporation.
(d) The closing of the Merger (the "Closing") shall take place (i) at the
offices of Simpson Thacher & Bartlett LLP located in New York, New York, as
soon as reasonably practicable (but in any event, no later than the second Business
Day) after the day on which the last condition to the Merger set forth in Article
VIII is satisfied or validly waived (other than those conditions that by their
nature cannot be satisfied until the Closing Date, but subject to the satisfaction
or valid waiver of such conditions) (provided, that if all the conditions set
forth in Article VIII shall not have been satisfied or validly waived on such
day, then the Closing shall take place on the first Business Day on which all
such conditions shall have been or can be satisfied or shall have been validly
waived) or (ii) at such other place and time or on such other date as the Company
and Parent may agree in writing (the actual date of the Closing, the "Closing
Date"). Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the event the Closing would have occurred
as provided in this Section 2.1(d) but the date on which the Closing would have
occurred is after the fifteenth (15th) day of the applicable month, at the option
of Merger Sub, the Closing may occur on the first Business Day of the subsequent
month.
Section 2.2 Conversion of Securities. At the Effective Time, pursuant to
this Agreement and by virtue of the Merger and without any action on the part
of the Company, Parent, Merger Sub or the holders of Common Stock:
(a) Each share of Common Stock owned by Parent immediately prior to the Effective
Time (including Common Stock acquired by Parent immediately prior to the Effective
Time pursuant to the Equity Rollover Commitments), if any, shall be canceled
and retired and shall cease to exist, and no payment or distribution shall be
made or delivered with respect thereto. Each share of Common Stock held by any
wholly owned Subsidiary of Parent or of the Company immediately prior to the
Effective Time shall remain outstanding following the Effective Time.
(b) Each Merger Sub Share issued and outstanding immediately prior to the
Effective Time shall be converted into and become one newly issued, fully paid
and non-assessable share of common stock, par value $.01 per share, of the Surviving
Corporation.
(c) Each share of Common Stock (including any Company Restricted Shares)
issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time (other than shares
of Common Stock to be canceled or remain outstanding pursuant to Section 2.2(a)),
automatically shall be canceled and converted into the right to receive $60.50
in cash, without interest (the "Merger Consideration"), payable to the holder
thereof upon surrender of the certificate formerly representing such share of
Common Stock (a "Certificate") in the manner provided in Section 2.3. Such shares
of Common Stock (including any Company Restricted Shares), other than those
canceled or remaining outstanding pursuant to Section 2.2(a), sometimes are
referred to herein as the "Merger Shares."
(d) No dissenters or appraisal rights shall be available with respect to
the Merger or the other transactions contemplated hereby.
(e) If between the date of this Agreement and the Effective Time the number
of shares of outstanding Common Stock is changed into a different number of
shares or a different class, by reason of any stock dividend, subdivision, reclassification,
recapitalization, split-up, combination, exchange of shares or the like, other
than pursuant to the Merger, the amount of Merger Consideration payable per
share of Common Stock shall be correspondingly adjusted.
(f) For the avoidance of doubt, the parties acknowledge and agree that the
contribution of shares of Common Stock (including Company Restricted Shares,
if any) to Parent pursuant to the Equity Rollover Commitments shall be deemed
to occur immediately prior to the Effective Time and prior to any other above-described
event.
(g) The Company Equity Awards outstanding immediately prior to the Effective
Time shall be treated as provided in Section 2.4.
Section 2.3 Payment of Cash for Merger Shares.
(a) Prior to the Closing Date, Parent shall designate a bank or trust company
that is reasonably satisfactory to the Company to serve as the disbursing agent
for the Merger Consideration and payments in respect of the Company Options,
unless another agent is designated as provided in Section 2.4(a) (the "Disbursing
Agent"). Promptly after the Effective Time, Parent will cause to be deposited
with the Disbursing Agent cash in the aggregate amount sufficient to pay the
Merger Consideration in respect of all Merger Shares outstanding immediately
prior to the Effective Time plus any cash necessary to pay for Company Options
and Company Performance Shares outstanding immediately prior to the Effective
Time pursuant to Section 2.4. Pending distribution of the cash deposited with
the Disbursing Agent, such cash shall be held in trust for the benefit of the
holders of Merger Shares, Company Options and Company Performance Shares outstanding
immediately prior to the Effective Time and shall not be used for any other
purposes; provided, however, that Parent may direct the Disbursing Agent to
invest such cash in (i) obligations of or guaranteed by the United States of
America or any agency or instrumentality thereof, (ii) money market accounts,
certificates of deposit, bank repurchase agreement or bankers acceptances of,
or demand deposits with, commercial banks having a combined capital and surplus
of at least $500,000,000, or (iii) commercial paper obligations rated P-1 or
A-1 or better by Standard & Poors Corporation or Moodys Investor Services,
Inc. Any profit or loss resulting from, or interest and other income produced
by, such investments shall be for the account of Parent.
(b) As promptly as practicable after the Effective Time, the Surviving Corporation
shall send, or cause the Disbursing Agent to send, to each record holder of
Merger Shares as of immediately prior to the Effective Time a letter of transmittal
and instructions for exchanging their Merger Shares for the Merger Consideration
payable therefor. The letter of transmittal will be in customary form and will
specify that delivery of Certificates will be effected, and risk of loss and
title will pass, only upon delivery of the Certificates to the Disbursing Agent.
Upon surrender of such Certificate or Certificates to the Disbursing Agent together
with a properly completed and duly executed letter of transmittal and any other
documentation that the Disbursing Agent may reasonably require, the record holder
thereof shall be entitled to receive the Merger Consideration payable in exchange
therefor, without interest. Until so surrendered and exchanged, each such Certificate
shall, after the Effective Time, be deemed to represent only the right to receive
the Merger Consideration, and until such surrender and exchange, no cash shall
be paid to the holder of such outstanding Certificate in respect thereof.
(c) If payment is to be made to a Person other than the registered holder
of the Merger Shares formerly represented by the Certificate or Certificates
surrendered in exchange therefor, it shall be a condition to such payment that
the Certificate or Certificates so surrendered shall be properly endorsed or
otherwise be in proper form for transfer and that the Person requesting such
payment shall pay to the Disbursing Agent any applicable stock transfer taxes
required as a result of such payment to a Person other than the registered holder
of such Merger Shares or establish to the satisfaction of the Disbursing Agent
that such stock transfer taxes have been paid or are not payable.
(d) After the Effective Time, there shall be no further transfers on the
stock transfer books of the Company of the shares of Common Stock that were
outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time. If, after the Effective
Time, Certificates are presented to the Surviving Corporation, Parent or the
Disbursing Agent, such shares shall be canceled and exchanged for the consideration
provided for, and in accordance with the procedures set forth, in this Article
II.
(e) If any cash deposited with the Disbursing Agent remains unclaimed twelve
months after the Effective Time, such cash shall be returned to Parent or the
Surviving Corporation upon demand, and any holder who has not surrendered such
holders Certificates for the Merger Consideration payable in respect thereof
prior to that time shall thereafter look only to the Surviving Corporation for
payment of the Merger Consideration. Notwithstanding the foregoing, none of
Parent, Merger Sub, the Company, the Surviving Corporation or the Disbursing
Agent shall be liable to any holder of Certificates for an amount paid to a
public official pursuant to any applicable unclaimed property laws. Any amounts
remaining unclaimed by holders of Certificates as of a date immediately prior
to such time that such amounts would otherwise escheat to or become property
of any Governmental Authority shall, to the extent permitted by applicable Law,
become the property of the Surviving Corporation on such date, free and clear
of any claims or interest of any Person previously entitled thereto.
(f) No dividends or other distributions with respect to capital stock of
the Surviving Corporation with a record date after the Effective Time shall
be paid to the holder of any unsurrendered Certificate.
(g) Except as provided in Section 2.2(a), from and after the Effective Time,
the holders of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately prior to the Effective
Time shall cease to have any rights with respect to such Common Stock, other
than the right to receive the Merger Consideration as provided in this Agreement.
(h) In the event that any Certificate has been lost, stolen or destroyed,
upon the making of an affidavit of that fact by the Person claiming such Certificate
to be lost, stolen or destroyed, in addition to the posting by such holder of
any bond in such reasonable amount as the Surviving Corporation or the Disbursing
Agent may direct as indemnity against any claim that may be made against the
Surviving Corporation or the Disbursing Agent with respect to such Certificate,
the Disbursing Agent will issue in exchange for such lost, stolen or destroyed
Certificate the Merger Consideration in respect thereof entitled to be received
pursuant to this Agreement.
(i) Parent, Surviving Corporation and the Disbursing Agent shall be entitled
to deduct and withhold from the Merger Consideration otherwise payable hereunder
any amounts required to be deducted and withheld under any applicable Tax Law.
To the extent any amounts are so withheld, such withheld amounts shall be treated
for all purposes as having been paid to the holder from whose Merger Consideration
the amounts were so deducted and withheld.
Section 2.4 Treatment of Company Equity Awards.
(a) As of the Effective Time, except as otherwise agreed by Parent and a
holder of Company Options with respect to such holders Company Options or as
otherwise provided in this Agreement, each Company Option which is outstanding
immediately prior to the Effective Time (whether vested or unvested, exercisable
or not exercisable) will be canceled and extinguished by the Company, and the
holder thereof will be entitled to receive from the Surviving Corporation in
consideration for such cancellation promptly following the Effective Time an
amount in cash equal to the product of (i) the number of shares of Common Stock
subject to such Company Option multiplied by (ii) the excess, if any, of (x)
the Merger Consideration over (y) the exercise price per share of such Company
Option, without interest and less any amounts required to be deducted and withheld
under any applicable Law. In the event that the per share exercise price of
any Company Option is equal to or greater than the Merger Consideration, such
Company Option shall be canceled without payment therefor and have no further
force or effect. All payments with respect to canceled Company Options shall
be made by the Disbursing Agent (or such other agent reasonably acceptable to
Parent as the Company shall designate prior to the Effective Time) as promptly
as reasonably practicable after the Effective Time from funds deposited by or
at the direction of the Surviving Corporation to pay such amounts in accordance
with Section 2.3.
(b) As of the Effective Time, except as otherwise agreed by Parent and a
holder of unvested Company Restricted Shares or as otherwise provided in this
Agreement, with respect to such holders unvested Company Restricted Shares,
each unvested Company Restricted Share outstanding immediately prior to the
Effective Time shall vest and become free of restrictions as of the Effective
Time and shall, as of the Effective Time, be canceled and converted into the
right to receive the Merger Consideration in accordance with Section 2.2, without
interest and less any amounts required to be deducted and withheld under any
applicable Law.
(c) At the Effective Time, except as otherwise agreed by Parent
and a holder of Company Performance Shares with respect to such holders Company
Performance Shares, each Company Performance Share which, in each case, is outstanding
immediately prior to the Effective Time (whether vested or unvested) shall be
canceled by the Company and the holder thereof shall be entitled to receive
promptly following the Effective Time from the Surviving Corporation, in consideration
for such cancellation, an amount equal to the product of (i) the Merger Consideration,
multiplied by (ii) the total number of shares of Common Stock subject to such
Company Performance Share, without interest and less any amounts required to
be deducted and withheld under any applicable Law.
(d) Those certain unvested Company Options and Company Restricted Shares
set forth in Section 2.4(d) of the Company Disclosure Letter shall, in lieu
of becoming vested and canceled in exchange for the applicable payments described
in Sections 2.4(a) and 2.4(b) above, respectively, be canceled in exchange for
the payment in cash of a retention bonus, subject to certain vesting requirements,
all as described in Section 2.4(d) of the Company Disclosure Letter.
(e) Prior to the Effective Time, the Company will adopt such resolutions
and will take such other actions as may be reasonably required to effectuate
the actions contemplated by this Section 2.4, without paying any consideration
or incurring any debts or obligations on behalf of the Company or the Surviving
Corporation.
(f) Parent, the Surviving Corporation and the Disbursing Agent (or such other
agent reasonably acceptable to the Company as Parent shall designate prior to
the Effective Time) shall be entitled to deduct and withhold from any amounts
to be paid under this Section 2.4 in respect of Company Options and Company
Performance Shares amounts required to be deducted and withheld under any applicable
Tax Law. To the extent any amounts are so withheld, such withheld amounts shall
be treated for all purposes as having been paid to the holder of Company Options
and Company Performance Shares from whose payments in respect of Company Options
and Company Performance Shares the amounts were so deducted and withheld.
ARTICLE III
THE SURVIVING CORPORATION
Section 3.1 Articles of Incorporation. The Articles of Incorporation,
as amended, of the Company shall be the articles of incorporation of the Surviving
Corporation until thereafter amended in accordance with the terms thereof and
as provided by applicable Law.
Section 3.2 Bylaws. The Bylaws, as in effect immediately prior
to the Effective Time, of Merger Sub, shall be the bylaws of the Surviving Corporation
until thereafter amended in accordance with the terms thereof and as provided
by applicable Law.
Section 3.3 Directors and Officers. From and after the Effective
Time, (i) the directors of Merger Sub at the Effective Time shall be the directors
of the Surviving Corporation and (ii) the officers of the Company at the Effective
Time (other than those who Parent determines shall not remain as officers of
the Surviving Corporation) shall be the officers of the Surviving Corporation,
in each case until their respective successors are duly elected or appointed
and qualified in accordance with applicable Law.
ARTICLE IV
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE COMPANY
Except (x) as set forth in the corresponding sections or subsections of the
disclosure letter delivered to Parent and Merger Sub by the Company on the date
hereof (the "Company Disclosure Letter") (it being understood that any information
set forth in a particular section or subsection of the Company Disclosure Letter
shall be deemed to be disclosed in each other section or subsection thereof
to which the relevance of such information is reasonably apparent) or (y) as
may be disclosed in the Specified SEC Reports, the Company hereby represents
and warrants to Parent and Merger Sub that:
Section 4.01 Corporate Existence and Power. Each of the Company
and its Material Subsidiaries is duly organized, validly existing and in good
standing under the laws of its jurisdiction (with respect to jurisdictions that
recognize the concept of good standing). Each of the Company, its Subsidiaries
and, to the Knowledge of the Company, the Company Joint Ventures has all corporate
or similar powers and authority required to own, lease and operate its respective
properties and to carry on its business as now conducted. Each of the Company,
its Material Subsidiaries and, to the Knowledge of the Company, the Company
Joint Ventures, is duly licensed or qualified to do business in each jurisdiction
in which the nature of the business conducted by it or the character or location
of the properties and assets owned or leased by it makes such qualification
necessary, except where the failure to be so licensed or qualified has not had,
and would not be reasonably likely to have, individually or in the aggregate,
a Material Adverse Effect on the Company. Neither the Company nor any Material
Subsidiary nor, to the Knowledge of the Company, any Company Joint Venture,
is in violation of its organizational or governing documents in any material
respect.
Section 4.2 Corporate Authorization
(a) The Company has full corporate power and authority to execute and deliver
this Agreement and to consummate the Merger and the other transactions contemplated
hereby and to perform each of its obligations hereunder. The execution, delivery
and performance by the Company of this Agreement and the consummation by the
Company of the Merger and the other transactions contemplated hereby have been
duly and validly authorized by the Board of Directors of the Company. Except
for the approval, at a meeting of Company stockholders called for such purpose,
of this Agreement by the affirmative vote of the holders (present at such meeting
in person or by proxy) of a majority of the shares of Company Common Stock outstanding
(the "Requisite Stockholder Vote"), no other corporate proceedings on the part
of the Company are necessary to approve this Agreement or to consummate the
Merger or the other transactions contemplated hereby. The Board of Directors
of the Company, acting upon the unanimous recommendation of the Special Committee,
at a duly held meeting has (i) determined that the Merger and this Agreement
are advisable and fair to and in the best interests of the Company and its stockholders,
(ii) approved the Merger, the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement
and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby, (iii) approved
the execution, delivery and performance of the Voting Agreement, dated as of
the Execution Date, among the Company (to the extent provided therein), Parent,
DLB, ST and the other parties thereto (the "Voting Agreement"), and (iv) resolved
to recommend that the Company stockholders approve this Agreement and directed
that such matter be submitted for consideration of the stockholders of the Company
at the Company Stockholder Meeting.
(b) This Agreement has been duly and validly executed and delivered by the
Company and, assuming the due and valid execution and delivery of this Agreement
by Parent and Merger Sub, constitutes a legal, valid and binding agreement of
the Company enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms, except
as such enforceability may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, moratorium,
reorganization or similar Laws affecting the enforcement of creditors rights
generally and general equitable principles.
Section 4.3 Governmental Authorization. The execution, delivery and performance
by the Company of this Agreement and the consummation of the Merger by the Company
do not require any consent, approval, authorization or permit of, action by,
filing with or notification to any Governmental Authority, other than (i) the
filing and acceptance for record of the Articles of Merger with the SDAT; (ii)
compliance with the applicable requirements of the HSR Act or the applicable
Other Antitrust Laws of jurisdictions other than the United States specified
in Section 4.3(ii) of the Company Disclosure Letter; (iii) compliance with the
applicable requirements of the Exchange Act including the filing of the Company
Proxy Statement and the Schedule 13E-3; (iv) compliance with the rules and regulations
of the Nasdaq Global Select Market; (v) compliance with any applicable foreign
or state securities or Blue Sky laws; (vi) any such consent, approval, authorization,
permit, action, filing or notification required from or to any Education Department,
Accrediting Body or DOE (as specified in Section 4.3(vi) of the Company Disclosure
Letter); and (vii) any such consent, approval, authorization, permit, action,
filing or notification the failure of which to make or obtain would not (A)
be reasonably likely to have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse
Effect on the Company or (B) prevent or materially delay the consummation of
the Merger or the Companys ability to observe and perform its material obligations
hereunder.
Section 4.4 Non-Contravention. The execution, delivery and performance
by the Company of this Agreement and the Voting Agreement and the consummation
by the Company of the Merger and the other transactions contemplated hereby
and thereby do not and will not (i) contravene or conflict with the organizational
or governing documents of the Company or any of its Material Subsidiaries or
Company Joint Ventures; (ii) assuming compliance with the matters referenced
in Section 4.3 and the receipt of the Requisite Stockholder Vote, contravene
or conflict with or constitute a violation of any provision of any Law binding
upon or applicable to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or Company Joint
Ventures or any of their respective properties or assets; (iii) require the
consent, approval or authorization of, or notice to or filing with any third
party with respect to, result in any breach or violation of or constitute a
default (or an event which with notice or lapse of time or both would become
a default) or result in the loss of benefit under, or give rise to any right
of termination, cancellation, amendment or acceleration of any right or obligation
of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or result in the creation of any
Lien on any of the properties or assets of the Company or its Subsidiaries under
any loan or credit agreement, note, bond, mortgage, indenture, contract, agreement,
lease, license, Permit or other instrument or obligation (each, a "Contract")
to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party or by which the Company
or any of its Subsidiaries or its or any of their respective properties or assets
are bound, except in the case of clauses (ii) and (iii) above, which would not
(A) be reasonably likely to have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material
Adverse Effect on the Company or (B) prevent or materially delay the consummation
of the Merger or the Companys ability to observe and perform its material obligations
hereunder.
Section 4.5 Capitalization
(a) The authorized share capital of the Company is 100,000,000 shares, divided
into 90,000,000 shares of Common Stock and 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock,
par value $0.01per share (the "Preferred Stock"). As of the Execution Date,
there were (i) 51,855,444 shares of Common Stock issued and outstanding (including
420,313 outstanding Company Restricted Shares) and no shares of Preferred Stock
issued and outstanding, (ii) outstanding Company Options to purchase an aggregate
of 5,226,757 shares of Common Stock, with a weighted average exercise price
of $24.44 per share, and (iii) 166,000 shares of Common Stock subject to outstanding
Company Performance Shares. Section 4.5 of the Company Disclosure Letter sets
forth, as of the Execution Date, the number of shares of (i) Common Stock issuable
upon exercise of outstanding Company Options, (ii) Company Performance Shares
and (iii) Company Restricted Stock, in each case granted under each Company
Stock Plan or otherwise, including, as applicable, the per share exercise price,
the date of grant, the vesting commencement date and the vesting schedule thereof.
All outstanding shares of Common Stock are duly authorized, validly issued,
fully paid and non-assessable, and are not subject to and were not issued in
violation of any preemptive or similar right, purchase option, call or right
of first refusal or similar right.
(b) Except as set forth in Section 4.5(a), there are no outstanding (i) shares
of capital stock or other voting securities of the Company; (ii) securities
of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries convertible into or exchangeable for
shares of capital stock or voting securities of the Company; (iii) Company Options,
Company Performance Shares or other rights or options to acquire from the Company,
or obligations of the Company to issue, any shares of capital stock, voting
securities or securities convertible into or exchangeable for shares of capital
stock or voting securities of the Company; or (iv) equity equivalent interests
in the ownership or earnings of the Company or other similar rights in respect
of the Company (the items in clauses (i) through (iv) collectively, "Company
Securities"). There are no outstanding obligations of the Company or any Subsidiary
to repurchase, redeem or otherwise acquire any Company Securities. There are
no preemptive rights of any kind which obligate the Company or any of its Subsidiaries
to issue or deliver any Company Securities. There are no stockholder agreements,
voting trusts or other agreements or understandings to which the Company or
any of its Subsidiaries is a party or by which it is bound relating to the voting
or registration of any shares of capital stock of the Company or preemptive
rights with respect thereto. None of the Subsidiaries of the Company own any
Common Stock.
(c) Other than the issuance of Common Stock upon exercise of Company Options
or the settlement of Company Performance Shares from September 30, 2006 to the
date of this Agreement, the Company has not declared or paid any dividend or
distribution in respect of any Company Securities, and neither the Company nor
any Subsidiary of the Company has issued, sold or repurchased any Company Securities,
and their respective Boards of Directors have not authorized any of the foregoing.
(d) Neither the Company nor any of the Subsidiaries has entered into any
commitment, arrangement or agreement, or are otherwise obligated, to contribute
capital, loan money or otherwise provide funds or make additional investments
in any Subsidiary of the Company, Company Joint Venture or any other Person,
other than intercompany debt.
(e) No bonds, debentures, notes or other indebtedness having the right to
vote on any matters on which Company stockholders may vote are outstanding.
Section 4.6 Company Subsidiaries and Joint Ventures.
(a) Section 4.6(a) of
the Company Disclosure Letter sets forth all Material Subsidiaries of the Company
and Company Joint Ventures. All equity interests of any Material Subsidiary
of the Company held by the Company or any other Subsidiary of the Company are
validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable (to the extent such concepts are
applicable) and were not issued in violation of any preemptive or similar rights,
purchase option, call, or right of first refusal or similar rights. All such
equity interests in Material Subsidiaries held by the Company or any Subsidiary
of the Company are free and clear of any Liens or any other limitations or restrictions
on such equity interests (including any limitation or restriction on the right
to vote, pledge or sell or otherwise dispose of such equity interests) other
than Permitted Liens. All equity interests of the Company Joint Ventures held
by the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company are free and clear of any Liens
other than Permitted Liens.
(b) There have not been reserved for issuance, and there are no outstanding
(i) securities of the Company or any of its Material Subsidiaries convertible
into or exchangeable for shares of capital stock or voting securities of any
Material Subsidiary of the Company; (ii) rights or options to acquire from the
Company or its Material Subsidiaries, or obligations of the Company or its Material
Subsidiaries to issue, any shares of capital stock, voting securities or securities
convertible into or exchangeable for shares of capital stock or voting securities
of any Material Subsidiary of the Company; or (iii) equity equivalent interests
in the ownership or earnings of any Material Subsidiary of the Company or other
similar rights in respect of any Material Subsidiary of the Company (the items
in clauses (i) through (iii) collectively, "Subsidiary Securities"). There are
no outstanding obligations of the Company or any Material Subsidiary to repurchase,
redeem or otherwise acquire any Subsidiary Securities. There are no preemptive
rights of any kind which obligate the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to
issue or deliver any Subsidiary Securities. There are no stockholder agreements,
voting trusts or other agreements or understandings to which the Company or
any of its Subsidiaries is a party or by which it is bound relating to the voting
or registration of any shares of capital stock of any Subsidiary of the Company
or preemptive rights with respect thereto.
Section 4.7 Reports and Financial Statements
(a) The Company has filed all forms, reports, statements, certifications
and other documents (including all exhibits, amendments and supplements thereto)
required to be filed by it with the SEC since January 1, 2004 (all such forms,
reports, statements, certificates and other documents filed with or furnished
to the SEC since January 1, 2004, with any amendments thereto, collectively,
the "Company SEC Reports"), each of which, including any financial statements
or schedules included therein, as finally amended prior to the date hereof,
has complied as to form in all material respects with the applicable requirements
of the Securities Act and Exchange Act as of the date filed with the SEC. None
of the Companys Subsidiaries is required to file periodic reports with the
SEC. None of the Company SEC Reports contained, when filed with the SEC and,
if amended prior to the date of this Agreement, as of the date of such amendment,
any untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact
required to be stated or incorporated by reference therein or necessary in order
to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which
they were made, not misleading. As of the date of this Agreement, there are
no outstanding or unresolved comments in comment letters received from the SEC
staff with respect to the Company SEC Reports. To the Knowledge of the Company,
none of the Company SEC Reports is the subject of ongoing SEC review, outstanding
SEC comment or outstanding SEC investigation.
(b) Each of the consolidated financial statements of the Company and its
Subsidiaries included (or incorporated by reference) in the Company SEC Reports
(including the related notes and schedules, where applicable) fairly present
(subject, in the case of the unaudited statements, to normal year-end auditing
adjustments, none of which are expected to be material in nature or amount),
in all material respects, the results of the consolidated operations and changes
in stockholders equity and cash flows and consolidated financial position of
the Company and its Subsidiaries for the respective fiscal periods or as of
the respective dates therein set forth. Each of such consolidated financial
statements (including the related notes and schedules, where applicable) complied,
as of the date of filing, in all material respects with applicable accounting
requirements and with the published rules and regulations of the SEC applicable
thereto and each of such financial statements (including the related notes and
schedules, where applicable) were prepared in accordance with GAAP (except,
in the case of unaudited statements, as permitted by the rules and regulations
of the SEC) consistently applied during the periods involved, except in each
case as indicated in such statements or in the notes thereto.
Section 4.8 Sarbanes-Oxley Compliance; Internal Controls.
The Company has made all certifications and statements required by Sections
302 and 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as amended, and the related rules
and regulations promulgated thereunder with respect to the Companys filings
pursuant to the Exchange Act. The Company has established and maintains disclosure
controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15 under the Exchange Act) designed
to ensure that material information relating to the Company, including its Subsidiaries,
is made known on a timely basis to the individuals responsible for the preparation
of the Companys filings with the SEC and other public disclosure documents.
Except as would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect
on the Company, (a) the Company has established and maintains a system of internal
accounting control over financial reporting sufficient to comply with all legal
and accounting requirements applicable to the Company, (b) the Company has disclosed,
based on its most recent evaluation of internal controls, to the Companys auditors
and its audit committee, (i) any significant deficiencies and material weaknesses
in the design or operation of its internal accounting controls which are reasonably
likely to materially and adversely affect the Companys ability to record, process,
summarize, and report financial information, and (ii) any fraud known to the
Company that involves management or other employees who have a significant role
in internal controls, and (c) the Company has not received any complaint, allegation,
assertion, or claim in writing regarding the accounting practices, procedures,
methodologies, or methods of the Company or its internal accounting controls
over financial reporting, including any such complaint, allegation, assertion,
or claim that the Company has engaged in questionable accounting or auditing
practices.
Section 4.9 Undisclosed Liabilities. Except (i) for those liabilities
that are fully reflected or reserved against on the consolidated balance sheet
of the Company and its consolidated Subsidiaries included in the most recent
consolidated financial statements of the Company included in the Companys Quarterly
Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended September 30, 2006, (ii) for
liabilities incurred in the ordinary course of business consistent with past
practice since September 30, 2006, which are not material taken as a whole,
(iii) for liabilities that have been discharged or paid in full prior to the
date hereof in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice
or (iv) for liabilities that would not reasonably be expected to have, individually
or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect on the Company, neither the Company
nor any of its Subsidiaries has incurred any liability of any nature whatsoever
(whether absolute, accrued or contingent or otherwise and whether due or to
become due).
Section 4.10 Disclosure Documents. The Schedule 13E-3 and the Company Proxy
Statement will not, at the date it is filed with the SEC (in the case of the
Schedule 13E-3), at the date it is first mailed to stockholders of the Company
(in the case of the Company Proxy Statement) or at the time of the Company Stockholder
Meeting (other than as to information supplied in writing by Parent or Merger
Sub or any of their Affiliates (other than the Company and its Subsidiaries),
expressly for inclusion therein, as to which no representation is made), contain
any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required
to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in
light of the circumstances under which they are made, not misleading. The Company
will cause the Company Proxy Statement, the Schedule 13E-3 and all related SEC
filings to comply as to form in all material respects with the requirements
of the Exchange Act applicable thereto and any other applicable Law as of the
date of such filing.
Section 4.11 Absence of Certain Changes or Events. Since September
30, 2006, (i) no change, circumstance, event or effect has occurred which has
had or would be reasonably likely to have, individually or in the aggregate,
a Material Adverse Effect on the Company and (ii) the Company and its Subsidiaries
and, to the Knowledge of the Company, the Company Joint Ventures, have carried
on their respective businesses in all material respects in the ordinary course
of business.
Section 4.12 Litigation. Except as publicly disclosed in the Company
SEC Reports filed with or furnished to the SEC prior to the date hereof, neither
the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is a party to any, and there are no
pending or, to the Knowledge of the Company, threatened, legal, administrative,
arbitral or other material proceedings, claims, actions or governmental or regulatory
investigations (a "Proceeding") of any nature against the Company or any of
its Subsidiaries, except for any Proceeding which has not had or would not be
reasonably likely to have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse
Effect on the Company. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries or any
of their businesses or properties are subject to or bound by any injunction,
order, judgment, decree or regulatory restriction of any Governmental Authority
specifically imposed upon the Company, any of its Subsidiaries or their respective
properties or assets, except for any injunction, order, judgment, decree or
regulatory restriction which (i) has not had or would not be reasonably likely
to have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect on the
Company or (ii) would not prevent or materially delay the consummation of the
Merger or the Companys ability to observe and perform its obligations hereunder.
Section 4.13 Taxes. Except as have not had or would not be reasonably
likely to have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect
on the Company:
(a) all Tax Returns required to be filed by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries
have been properly prepared and timely filed, and all such Tax Returns (including
information provided therewith or with respect thereto) are true, correct and
complete;
(b) the Company and its Subsidiaries have fully and timely paid all Taxes
(whether or not shown to be due on the Tax Returns referred to in Section 4.13(a))
other than Taxes that are not yet due and payable or that are being contested
in good faith by appropriate proceedings and for which adequate reserves have
been established in the applicable financial statements in accordance with GAAP
if such reserves are required under GAAP;
(c) no audit or other proceeding by any taxing authority is pending or, to
the Knowledge of the Company, threatened in writing against the Company or any
of its Subsidiaries;
(d) there are no Tax sharing agreements (or similar agreements) to which
the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party to or by which the Company
or any of its Subsidiaries is bound (other than agreements exclusively between
or among the Company and its Subsidiaries); and
(e) neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has engaged in any reportable
transaction under Section 6011 of the Code and the regulations thereunder.
Section 4.14 ERISA
(a) Section 4.14(a) of the Company Disclosure Letter contains a true and
complete list of each Employee Benefit Plan (other than any multiemployer plan
within the meaning of ERISA Section 3(37)) and stock purchase, stock option,
severance, retention, employee loan, collective bargaining, employment, change-in-control,
fringe benefit, bonus, incentive, deferred compensation and all other material
employee benefit plans, agreements, programs, policies or other arrangements,
whether or not subject to ERISA, whether formal or informal, oral or written,
legally binding or not, under which any Company Employee has any present or
future right to benefits and which is maintained or contributed to by the Company
or any of its U.S. Material Subsidiaries or under which the Company or any of
its U.S. Material Subsidiaries has any present or future liability. Each Company
Benefit Plan has been operated, funded and administered in compliance with its
terms, the terms of any applicable collective bargaining agreement and with
all applicable requirements of Law, including ERISA and the Code, except as
would not subject the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to any liability that
has had or would be reasonably likely to have, individually or in the aggregate,
a Material Adverse Effect on the Company. Except as has not had and would not
be reasonably likely to have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse
Effect on the Company, none of the Company, any of its Subsidiaries, any officer
of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or any Company Benefit Plan that is
subject to ERISA, or, to the Knowledge of the Company, any trust created thereunder
or any trustee or administrator thereof, has engaged in a nonexempt "prohibited
transaction" (as such term is defined in Section 406 of ERISA and Section 4975
of the Code). Except as has not had and would not be reasonably likely to have,
individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect on the Company,
no "accumulated funding deficiency" (as such term is defined in Section 302
of ERISA and Section 412 of the Code (whether or not waived)) has occurred with
respect to any Company Benefit Plan.
(b) Except as has not had and would not be reasonably likely to have, individually
or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect on the Company, no event has
occurred and no condition exists that would subject the Company or its Subsidiaries,
either directly or by reason of their affiliation with any member of their "Controlled
Group" (defined as any organization which is a member of a controlled group
of organizations within the meaning of Sections 414(b), (c), (m) or (o) of the
Code), to any tax, fine, lien, penalty or other liability imposed by ERISA,
the Code or other applicable laws, rules and regulations.
(c) Except in the ordinary course of business or as required by applicable
Law, since September 30, 2006, there has been no amendment to any Company Benefit
Plan that would increase materially the expense to the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries of maintaining such plan above the level of the expense incurred
by the Company or its Subsidiaries therefor for the most recent fiscal year.
Except as contemplated by this Agreement, the execution of this Agreement and
the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby will not (either alone
or together with any other related event) (i) result in any material payment
by the Company or any of its Material Subsidiaries to any Company Employee of
any money or other property under any Company Benefit Plan or Company Stock
Plan or (ii) result in the accelerated vesting or funding through a trust or
otherwise of a material amount of compensation or benefits under any Company
Benefit Plan or Company Stock Plan or (iii) result in payments under any Company
Benefit Plan which would not be deductible under Section 280G of the Code.
Section 4.15 Compliance With Laws
(a) The Company and each of its Subsidiaries is, and at all times has been,
in compliance with all Laws applicable to the Company, its Subsidiaries and
their respective businesses and activities, except for such noncompliance that
has not had, and would not be reasonably likely to have, individually or in
the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect on the Company.
(b) The Company and each Subsidiary of the Company has and maintains in full
force and effect, and is in compliance with, all Permits and all orders from
Governmental Authorities necessary for the Company and each Subsidiary to carry
on their respective businesses as currently conducted and currently proposed
to be conducted, except as has not had, and would not be reasonably likely to
have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect on the Company.
(c) The Domestic Institution is and, since July 1, 2003, has been, duly qualified
as, and in material compliance with the DOE definition of, a "proprietary institution
of higher education."
(d) The Domestic Institution has not derived more than ninety percent (90%)
of its revenues from Title IV Program funds, as determined in accordance with
DOEs "90/10 Rule" as codified at 34 C.F.R. §600.5(a)(8), for any fiscal year
reporting period required by the DOE ended on or after July 1, 2003.
(e) Neither the Company, nor any person or entity that exercises Substantial
Control over the Company, any of its Subsidiaries or the Domestic Institution
(as the term "Substantial Control" is used in 34 C.F.R. §668.174(b) and (c))
("Substantial Control"), or member of such persons family (as the term "family"
is defined in 34 C.F.R. §600.21(f)), alone or together, (A) exercises or exercised
Substantial Control over an institution other than the Domestic Institution
or over a third-party servicer (as that term is defined in 34 C.F.R. §668.2)
that owes a liability for a violation of a Title IV Program or other HEA program
requirement, or (B) owes a liability for a Title IV Program or other HEA program
violation. At no time has the Company, any of its Subsidiaries, or the Domestic
Institution, nor any person or entity that exercises Substantial Control over
any of them, filed for relief in bankruptcy or had entered against it an order
for relief in bankruptcy. None of the Company, any of its Subsidiaries, or the
Domestic Institution, nor any person or entity that exercises Substantial Control
over any of them, has pled guilty to, has pled nolo contendere to, or has been
found guilty of a crime involving the acquisition, use, or expenditure of funds
under the Title IV Programs or has been judicially determined to have committed
fraud involving funds under the Title IV Programs. To the Knowledge of the Company,
neither the Company, nor any of its Subsidiaries, or the Domestic Institution
currently employs any individual or entity in a capacity that involves the administration
or receipt of funds under the Title IV Programs, or contracted with any institution
or third-party servicer, which has been terminated under the Title IV Programs
for a reason involving the acquisition, use, or expenditure of federal, state
or local government funds, or has been convicted of, or has pled nolo contendere
or guilty to, a crime involving the acquisition, use or expenditure of federal,
state, or local government funds, or has been administratively or judicially
determined to have committed fraud or any other material violation of law involving
federal, state, or local government funds.
(f) As of the date hereof, to the Knowledge of the Company, there exist no
facts or circumstances attributable to the Company or any Affiliate of the Company
that would reasonably be expected to cause the DOE to refuse to deliver a written
response that would satisfy the condition set forth in Section 8.2(d) of this
Agreement. As of the date hereof, to the Knowledge of the Company, neither the
Company nor any Affiliate of the Company has been or is subject to any actions,
suits, proceedings, investigations, audits, program reviews or claims that would
reasonably be expected to prevent or delay the issuance by the DOE of a written
response that would satisfy the condition set forth in Section 8.2(d) of this
Agreement.
Section 4.16 Finders Fees. No agent, broker, investment banker, financial
advisor or other firm or person except Morgan Stanley & Co. Incorporated and
Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated is or will be entitled to
any brokers or finders fee or any other similar commission or fee in connection
with any of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. The Company has
provided to Parent a complete and correct copy of any Contract between the Company
and Morgan Stanley & Co. Incorporated and Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith
Incorporated, relating to any such fees.
Section 4.17 Opinion of Financial Advisors. Each of Morgan Stanley & Co.
Incorporated and Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated has delivered
to the Special Committee an opinion to the effect that, as of the Execution
Date, the consideration to be received by holders of Common Stock (other than
any holder who will contribute Common Stock to Parent) in the Merger is fair,
from a financial point of view, to such holders.
Section 4.18 Anti-Takeover Provisions. The Board of Directors
of the Company has taken all necessary action so that any takeover, anti-takeover,
moratorium, "fair price", "control share" or other similar Law enacted under
any Law applicable to the Company (each, a "Takeover Statute") do not, and will
not, apply to this Agreement, the Merger or the other transactions contemplated
hereby. The Company does not have any stockholder rights plan in effect.
ARTICLE V
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF PARENT AND MERGER
SUB
Except as set forth in the corresponding sections or subsections of the disclosure
letter delivered to the Company by Parent and Merger Sub on the date hereof
(the "Parent Disclosure Letter") (it being understood that any information set
forth in a particular section or subsection of the Parent Disclosure Letter
shall be deemed to be disclosed in each other section or subsection thereof
to which the relevance of such information is reasonably apparent), Parent and
Merger Sub hereby jointly and severally represent and warrant to the Company
that:
Section 5.01 Corporate Existence and Power. Parent is a limited
partnership duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the
laws of the Province of Alberta and has all requisite power and authority to
execute and deliver this Agreement and to consummate the Merger and the other
transactions contemplated hereby and to perform each of its obligations hereunder.
Merger Sub is a corporation duly organized, validly existing and in good standing
under the laws of the State of Maryland and has all corporate power and authority
required to execute and deliver this Agreement and to consummate the Merger
and the other transactions contemplated hereby and to perform each of its obligations
hereunder.
Section 5.2 Corporate Authorization. The execution, delivery
and performance by Merger Sub of this Agreement and the consummation by Merger
Sub of the Merger and the other transactions contemplated hereby have been duly
and validly authorized by the Board of Directors of Merger Sub. Except for the
approval of this Agreement by Parent, as the sole stockholder of Merger Sub
(which shall have occurred prior to the Effective Time), no other corporate
proceedings other than those previously taken or conducted on the part of Parent
or Merger Sub are necessary to approve this Agreement or to consummate the other
transactions contemplated hereby. This Agreement has been duly and validly executed
and delivered by Parent and Merger Sub and, assuming the due and valid execution
and delivery of the Agreement by the Company, constitutes a legal, valid and
binding agreement of Parent and Merger Sub, respectively, enforceable against
Parent and Merger Sub in accordance with its terms, except as such enforceability
may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, moratorium, reorganization or similar
Laws affecting the enforcement of creditors rights generally and general equitable
principles.
Section 5.3 Governmental Authorization. The execution, delivery
and performance by Parent and Merger Sub of this Agreement and the consummation
by Parent and Merger Sub of the Merger and other transactions contemplated by
this Agreement do not require any consent, approval, authorization or permit
of, action by, filing with or notification to any Governmental Authority on
the part of Parent or Merger Sub, other than (i) the filing and acceptance for
record of the Articles of Merger with the SDAT; (ii) compliance with the applicable
requirements of the HSR Act or the applicable Other Antitrust Laws of jurisdictions
other than the United States; (iii) compliance with the applicable requirements
of the Exchange Act including the filing of the Schedule 13E-3; (iv) compliance
with any applicable foreign or state securities or Blue Sky laws; (v) filings
required as a result of facts or circumstances solely attributable to the Company,
its Subsidiaries, a direct or indirect change of control thereof or the operation
of their businesses; (vi) any such consent, approval, authorization, permit,
action, filing or notification required from or to any Education Department,
Accrediting Body or DOE (as specified in Section 5.3(vi) of the Parent Disclosure
Letter) and (vii) any such consent, approval, authorization, permit, action,
filing or notification the failure of which to make or obtain would not be reasonably
likely to adversely effect in any material respect, or prevent or materially
delay, the consummation of the Merger or Parents or Merger Subs ability to
observe and perform its material obligations hereunder.
Section 5.4 Non-Contravention. The execution, delivery and performance
by Parent and Merger Sub of this Agreement and the consummation by Parent and
Merger Sub of the Merger and the other transactions contemplated hereby do not
and will not (i) contravene or conflict with the organizational or governing
documents of Parent or Merger Sub, (ii) assuming compliance with the items specified
in Section 5.3, contravene, conflict with or constitute a violation of any provision
of any Law binding upon or applicable to Parent or Merger Sub or any of their
respective properties or assets, or (iii) require the consent, approval or authorization
of, or notice to or filing with any third party with respect to, result in any
breach or violation of or constitute a default (or an event which with notice
or lapse of time or both would become a default), or give rise to any right
of termination, cancellation, amendment or acceleration of any right or obligation
of Parent or Merger Sub or to a loss of any material benefit to which Parent
or Merger Sub is entitled under any Contract.
Section 5.5 Disclosure Documents. None of the information supplied
or to be supplied by Parent or Merger Sub or any of their Affiliates (other
than the Company and its Subsidiaries) specifically for inclusion in the Company
Proxy Statement or Schedule 13E-3 will, at the date it is filed with the SEC
(in the case of the Schedule 13E-3), at the date it is first mailed to stockholders
of the Company (in the case of the Company Proxy Statement), or at the time
of the Company Stockholder Meeting, contain any untrue statement of a material
fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary
in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under
which they are made, not misleading.
Section 5.6 Finders Fees. No agent, broker, investment banker,
financial advisor or other firm or Person except Goldman, Sachs & Co. and Citigroup
is or will be entitled to any brokers or finders fee or any other similar
commission or fee in connection with any of the transactions contemplated by
this Agreement in the event the Merger is not consummated.
Section 5.7 Financing. Parent has delivered to the Company true
and complete copies of (i) the debt commitment letters dated as of the Execution
Date from Goldman Sachs Credit Partners L.P. and Citigroup Global Markets Inc.
(collectively, the "Debt Financing Commitments"), pursuant to which the lenders
party thereto committed, subject to the terms thereof, to lend the amounts set
forth therein (the "Debt Financing"), and (ii) the equity commitment letters,
dated as of the Execution Date, from each of the Persons listed in Section 5.7
of the Parent Disclosure Letter (the "Equity Financing Commitments" and together
with the Debt Financing Commitments, the "Financing Commitments"), pursuant
to which such parties have committed, subject to the terms thereof, to invest
the cash amounts set forth therein (the "Equity Financing" and together with
the Debt Financing, the "Financing"). Prior to the Execution Date, (i) none
of the Financing Commitments has been amended or modified, and (ii) the respective
commitments contained in the Financing Commitments have not been withdrawn or
rescinded in any respect. As of the Execution Date, the Financing Commitments
are in full force and effect and are legal, valid and binding obligations of
Parent and to the knowledge of Parent, the other parties thereto. As of the
Execution Date, assuming the accuracy of the Companys representations and warranties
contained herein, neither Parent, Merger Sub nor any direct investor in Parent
has any knowledge that any event has occurred which, with or without notice,
lapse of time or both, would constitute a default or breach on the part of Parent,
Merger Sub or any direct investor in Parent under any term or condition of the
Financing Commitments or otherwise be reasonably likely to result in any portion
of the Financing contemplated thereby to be unavailable. The only conditions
precedent to the obligations of the lenders and other Persons committing pursuant
to the Financing Commitments to make the Financing available to Parent or its
Affiliates are those contemplated by the terms of the Financing Commitments.
As of the Execution Date, assuming the accuracy of the Companys representations
and warranties contained herein, neither Parent, Merger Sub nor any of the direct
investors in Parent has any reason to believe that it will be unable to satisfy
on a timely basis any term or condition to be satisfied by it and contained
in the Financing Commitments. Parent, Merger Sub and their respective Affiliates
have fully paid any and all commitment fees or other fees required by the terms
of the Financing Commitments to be paid on or before the Execution Date. Subject
to the terms and conditions of the Financing Commitments and this Agreement
and assuming the accuracy of the Companys representations and warranties contained
herein, the proceeds from the Financing constitute all of the financing required
to be provided by Parent for the consummation of the Merger upon the terms set
forth in this Agreement and other transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
Section 5.8 Equity Rollover Commitments. Parent has delivered to the Company
true and complete copies of the equity rollover letters (the "Equity Rollover
Commitments"), dated as of the Execution Date, from each of the Persons listed
in Section 5.8 of the Parent Disclosure Letter (the "Rollover Entities"), pursuant
to which such parties have committed to contribute to Parent that number of
shares of Common Stock set forth in such letters for shares of membership interests
of Parent immediately prior to the Effective Time. As of the Execution Date,
the Equity Rollover Commitments are in full force and effect and are legal,
valid and binding obligations of Parent and the other parties thereto. The only
conditions precedent to the obligations of each of the Rollover Entities under
the Equity Rollover Commitments are those contemplated by the terms of the Equity
Rollover Commitments. As of the Execution Date, assuming the accuracy of the
Companys representations and warranties contained herein, neither Parent, Merger
Sub nor any direct investor in Parent has any knowledge that any event has occurred
which, with or without notice, lapse of time or both, would constitute a default
or breach under any term or condition of the Equity Rollover Commitments or
otherwise be reasonably likely to result in any portion of the commitments contemplated
thereby to be unavailable. As of the Execution Date, assuming the accuracy of
the Companys representations and warranties contained herein, neither Parent,
Merger Sub nor any direct investor in Parent has any reason to believe that
any of the Rollover Entities will be unable to satisfy on a timely basis any
term or condition to be satisfied by it and contained in the Equity Rollover
Commitments.
Section 5.9 Merger Sub. Merger Sub has been formed solely for
the purpose of engaging in the transactions contemplated hereby and prior to
the Effective Time will have engaged in no other business activities and will
have incurred no liabilities or obligations other than in connection with the
transactions contemplated hereby, including in connection with arranging the
Financing. As of the Execution Date, there were 100 shares of common stock of
Merger Sub outstanding, representing the only shares of Merger Sub outstanding
and entitled to vote on the Merger.
Section 5.10 Voting Arrangements. Other than the Voting Agreement
and as set forth in Section 5.10 of the Parent Disclosure Letter, no direct
or indirect equity investor in Parent or Merger Sub, or any Affiliate thereof
(other than the Company or any of its Subsidiaries), is subject to any voting
trust or other agreement, arrangement or restriction with respect to the voting
of any Common Stock it owns beneficially (determined for the purposes of this
paragraph as set forth in Rule 13d-3 promulgated under the Exchange Act) or
of record in respect of the Merger or any transaction involving a Company Acquisition
Proposal or Superior Proposal or any other transactions contemplated hereby
or thereby.
Section 5.11 Compliance with Laws; Education Consents.
(a) None of Parent
or Merger Sub nor any person or entity that exercises Substantial Control over
Parent or Merger Sub, or member of such persons family (as the term "family"
is defined in 34 C.F.R. §600.21(f)), alone or together, (A) exercises or exercised
Substantial Control over any institution or over a third-party servicer (as
that term is defined in 34 C.F.R. §668.2) that owes a liability for a violation
of a Title IV Program or other HEA program requirement, or (B) owes a liability
for a Title IV Program or other HEA program violation. At no time has Parent,
Merger Sub, or any Affiliate of Parent or Merger Sub, or any person or entity
that exercises Substantial Control over any of them (other than portfolio companies
or portfolio investments), filed for relief in bankruptcy or had entered against
it an order for relief in bankruptcy. None of Parent or Merger Sub, or any person or entity that exercises Substantial Control over any of them, has pled
guilty to, has pled nolo contendere to, or has been found guilty of a crime
involving the acquisition, use, or expenditure of funds under the Title IV Programs
or has been judicially determined to have committed fraud involving funds under
the Title IV Programs. To the knowledge of Parent and Merger Sub, neither Parent
nor Merger Sub currently employs any individual or entity in a capacity that
involves the administration or receipt of funds under the Title IV Programs,
or contracted with any institution or third-party servicer, which has been terminated
under the Title IV Programs for a reason involving the acquisition, use, or
expenditure of federal, state or local government funds, or has been convicted
of, or has pled nolo contendere or guilty to, a crime involving the acquisition,
use or expenditure of federal, state, or local government funds, or has been
administratively or judicially determined to have committed fraud or any other
material violation of law involving federal, state, or local government funds.
(b) As of the date hereof, to the knowledge of Parent and Merger Sub, there
exist no facts or circumstances attributable to Parent or Merger Sub, to any
Person in which Parent or Merger Sub has an interest, or to any Affiliate of
Parent or Merger Sub (other than portfolio companies or portfolio investments),
that would reasonably be expected to cause the DOE to refuse to deliver a written
response that would satisfy the condition set forth in Section 8.2(d) of this
Agreement. As of the date hereof, to the knowledge of Parent and Merger Sub,
none of Parent, Merger Sub, any Person in which Parent or Merger Sub has an
interest, or any Affiliate of Parent or Merger Sub (other than portfolio companies
or portfolio investments), has been or is subject to any actions, suits, proceedings,
investigations, audits, program reviews or claims that would reasonably be expected
to prevent or delay the issuance by the DOE of a written response that would
satisfy the condition set forth in Section 8.2(d) of this Agreement.
ARTICLE VI
CONDUCT OF BUSINESS PENDING THE MERGER
Section 6.1 Conduct of the Company and Subsidiaries. Except
for matters (x) set forth in Section 6.1 of the Company Disclosure Letter or
as otherwise contemplated by or specifically provided in this Agreement, or
(y) consented to in writing by Parent (which consent shall not be unreasonably
withheld), from the date hereof until the Effective Time, the Company shall,
and shall cause its Subsidiaries to, conduct their respective businesses in
the ordinary and usual course consistent with past practice. Without limiting
the generality of the foregoing, and except for matters set forth in Section
6.1 of the Company Disclosure Letter or as otherwise contemplated by or specifically
provided in this Agreement, without the prior written consent of Parent (which
consent shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed), the Company shall not,
and shall not permit its Subsidiaries to:
(a) propose or adopt any change in its organizational or governing documents;
(b) merge or consolidate the Company or any of its Subsidiaries with any
Person, other than the Merger and other than such transactions solely among
the Company and/or its wholly owned Subsidiaries that would not result in a
material increase in the Tax liability of the Company or its Subsidiaries;
(c) sell, lease or otherwise dispose of a material amount of assets or securities,
including by merger, consolidation, asset sale or other business combination
(including formation of a joint venture), other than such transactions solely
among the Company and/or its Subsidiaries that would not result in a material
increase in the Tax liability of the Company or its Subsidiaries;
(d) fail to comply with Section 6.01 (captioned Indebtedness; Certain Equity
Securities) of the Five-Year Credit Agreement as in effect on the date hereof;
(e) offer, place or arrange any issue of debt securities or commercial bank
or other credit facilities that could be reasonably expected to compete with
or impede the Debt Financing or cause the breach of any provisions of the Debt
Financing Commitments or cause any condition set forth in the Debt Financing
Commitments not to be satisfied;
(f) make any material loans, advances or capital contributions to, acquisitions
or licenses of, or investments in, any other Person, except for (i) transactions
solely among the Company and/or wholly owned Subsidiaries of the Company, or
(ii) as required by existing contracts or transactions that do not exceed $200
million in the aggregate;
(g) authorize any capital expenditures in excess of $10,000,000 per project
or related series of projects in excess of $50,000,000 in the aggregate, other
than expenditures necessary to maintain existing assets in good repair and expenditures
contemplated by the Companys 2007 budget or carried over from the 2006 budget
and approved development plans, as delivered to Parent prior to the date hereof;
(h) fail to comply with Section 6.02 (captioned Liens) of the Five-Year Credit
Agreement as in effect on the date hereof;
(i) enter into or amend any Contract with any executive officer (except for
the amendments described in Section 6.1 of the Company Disclosure Letter with
respect to the change of control agreements listed therein) director or other
Affiliate of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or any Person beneficially
owning 5% or more of the Common Stock;
(j) split, combine or reclassify any Company Securities or Subsidiary Securities
or amend the terms of any Company Securities or Subsidiary Securities, (ii)
declare, set aside or pay any dividend or other distribution (whether in cash,
stock or property or any combination thereof) in respect of Company Securities
or Subsidiary Securities other than a dividend or distribution by a Subsidiary
of the Company in the ordinary course of business, (iii) grant, issue or offer
to grant or issue any Company Securities or Subsidiary Securities, or redeem,
repurchase or otherwise acquire or offer to redeem, repurchase, or otherwise
acquire, any Company Securities or Subsidiary Securities, other than in connection
with (A) the exercise of Company Options, (B) the withholding of Company Securities
to satisfy tax obligations with respect to Company Equity Awards, (C) the acquisition
by the Company of Company Securities in connection with the forfeiture of Company
Equity Awards, (D) the acquisition by the Company of Company Securities in connection
with the net exercise of Company Options in accordance with the terms thereof,
and (E) the issuance of Company Securities as required to comply with any Company
Benefit Plan or Employment Agreement as in effect on the date of this Agreement; provided, however, that clauses (B) through (D) shall only
be permitted to the extent the applicable Company Stock Plan or related award
agreements provide therefor at the date hereof;
(k) except (i) as required pursuant to existing written agreements or any
Company Benefit Plan, Employment Agreement or collective bargaining agreement
in effect on the date hereof, (ii) as effected in the ordinary course of business
or (iii) as required by applicable Law (including Section 409A of the Code),
(A) adopt, amend or terminate any Company Benefit Plan or enter into, amend
or terminate any collective bargaining agreement or any Employment Agreement
with any Company Employee, except for entry into Employment Agreements in the
ordinary course of business consistent with past practice with persons who are
not executive officers or directors to the extent necessary to replace a departing
employee or fill an existing vacancy, (B) take any action to accelerate the
vesting or payment, or fund or in any other way secure the payment, of compensation
or benefits under any Company Benefit Plan, (C) increase in any manner the compensation
or fringe benefits of any Company Employee by an amount in excess of $1,000,000
in the aggregate outside of the ordinary course of business, or (D) grant any
severance or termination pay to any Company Employee;
(l) settle or compromise any litigation, or release, dismiss or otherwise
dispose of any claim or arbitration, other than settlements or compromises of
litigation, claims or arbitration that do not exceed $10,000,000 in the aggregate
and do not involve any material injunctive or other non-monetary relief or impose
material restrictions on the business or operations of the Company and other
than any litigation relating to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement;
(m) other than in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice
or except to the extent required by Law, make or change any material Tax election,
or settle or compromise any material Tax liability of the Company or any of
its Subsidiaries, agree to an extension of the statute of limitations with respect
to the assessment or determination of Taxes of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries,
file any amended Tax Return with respect to any material Tax, enter into any
closing agreement with respect to any Tax or surrender any right to claim a
Tax refund;
(n) make any change in financial accounting methods or method of Tax accounting,
principles or practices materially affecting the reported consolidated assets,
liabilities or results of operations of the Company and its Subsidiaries, except
insofar as may have been required by a change in GAAP or Law;
(o) adopt a plan of complete or partial liquidation, dissolution, merger,
consolidation, restructuring, recapitalization or other reorganization of the
Company or any of its Subsidiaries (other than the Merger and consolidations,
mergers or reorganizations solely among wholly owned Subsidiaries of the Company),
or a letter of intent or agreement in principle with respect thereto;
(p) (i) approve, adopt or enter into any stockholders rights plan or other
anti-takeover measure unless it excludes Parent, Merger Sub, and any of their
respective members, stockholders and Affiliates from its operation in all respects;
or (ii) take any action that would cause any Takeover Statute to apply to this Agreement, the Merger or the
other transactions contemplated hereby;
(q) take any action or fail to take any action which would, or would be reasonably
likely to, individually or in the aggregate, prevent, materially delay or materially
impede the ability of the Company to consummate the Merger or the other transactions
contemplated by this Agreement; or
(r) authorize, agree or commit to do any of the foregoing.
Section 6.2 Conduct of Parent and Merger Sub. Each of Parent
and Merger Sub agrees that, from the date hereof to the Effective Time, unless
otherwise contemplated herein, it shall not (i) take any action (including by
way of amendment to the Investors Agreement dated as of the Execution Date among
Parent and the investors named therein (the "Investors Agreement")) that is
intended to or would result in any of the conditions to effecting the Merger
set forth in Sections 8.1 and 8.3 becoming incapable of being satisfied; or
(ii) take any action or fail to take any action which would, or would be reasonably
likely to, individually or in the aggregate, prevent, materially delay or materially
impede the ability of Parent and Merger Sub to consummate the Merger or the
other transactions contemplated by this Agreement. Parent has provided to the
Company a summary of the material provisions of the Investors Agreement relating
to "Approvals" and "Remedies" to the extent such provisions relate to the consummation
of the Merger and the obtaining of Equity Financing in connection therewith.
Section 6.3 No Control of Other Partys Business. Nothing contained
in this Agreement is intended to give Parent, directly or indirectly, the right
to control or direct the Companys or its Subsidiaries operations prior to
the Effective Time, and nothing contained in this Agreement is intended to give
the Company, directly or indirectly, the right to control or direct Parents
or its Subsidiaries operations. Prior to the Effective Time, each of Parent
and the Company shall exercise, consistent with the terms and conditions of
this Agreement, complete control and supervision over its and its Subsidiaries
respective operations.
ARTICLE VII
ADDITIONAL AGREEMENTS
Section 7.01 Stockholder Meeting; Proxy Material.
(a) The Company shall (i) take all action necessary to duly call, give notice
of, convene and hold a meeting of its stockholders (the "Company Stockholder
Meeting") for the purpose of obtaining the approval of this Agreement by the
Company stockholders in accordance with applicable Law and as provided in this
Agreement as promptly as reasonably practicable after the SEC confirms that
it has no further comments on the Company Proxy Statement or the Schedule 13E-3,
(ii) use reasonable best efforts to solicit the approval of this Agreement by
the Company stockholders, and (iii) except to the extent that the Board of Directors
of the Company (acting upon the recommendation of the Special Committee, if
such committee still exists) shall have withdrawn or modified its approval or
recommendation of this Agreement as permitted by Section 7.4, include in the
Company Proxy Statement the recommendation of the Board of Directors of the Company that the stockholders of the Company approve this
Agreement (the "Recommendation").
(b) In connection with the Company Stockholder Meeting, the Company will
(i) as promptly as reasonably practicable prepare the Company Proxy Statement
and the Schedule 13E-3 and file, (in the case of the Schedule 13E-3, jointly
with Parent and Merger Sub) the Company Proxy Statement and the Schedule 13E-3
with the SEC as promptly as reasonably practicable and in any event within 21
Business Days following the date of this Agreement, (ii) respond as promptly
as reasonably practicable to any comments received from the SEC with respect
to such filings and provide copies of such comments to Parent and Merger Sub
promptly upon receipt and copies of proposed responses to Parent and Merger
Sub a reasonable time prior to filing to allow meaningful comment, (iii) as
promptly as reasonably practicable prepare and file (after Parent and Merger
Sub have had a reasonable opportunity to review and comment on) any amendments
or supplements necessary to be filed in response to any SEC comments or as required
by Law, (iv) use its reasonable best efforts to have the SEC confirm that it
has no further comments on the Company Proxy Statement or the Schedule 13E-3
and will thereafter mail to its stockholders as promptly as reasonably practicable
the Company Proxy Statement and all other customary proxy or other materials
for meetings such as the Company Stockholder Meeting (provided that the Company
shall be under no obligation to mail the Company Proxy Statement to its stockholders
prior to the No-Shop Period Start Date), (v) to the extent required by applicable
Law, as promptly as reasonably practicable prepare, file and distribute to the
Company stockholders any supplement or amendment to the Company Proxy Statement
and the Schedule 13E-3 if any event shall occur which requires such action at
any time prior to the Company Stockholder Meeting, and (vi) otherwise use reasonable
best efforts to comply with all requirements of Law applicable to the Company
Stockholder Meeting and the Merger. Parent and Merger Sub shall cooperate with
the Company in connection with the preparation of the Company Proxy Statement
and the preparation and filing of the Schedule 13E-3, including promptly furnishing
the Company upon request with any and all information as may be required to
be set forth in the Company Proxy Statement and the Schedule 13E-3 under applicable
Law. The Company will provide Parent and Merger Sub a reasonable opportunity
to review and comment upon the Company Proxy Statement and the Schedule 13E-3,
or any amendments or supplements thereto, prior to mailing the Company Proxy
Statement to its stockholders and filing the Schedule 13E-3 with the SEC.
(c) If, at any time prior to the Effective Time, any information relating
to the Company, Parent or Merger Sub or any of their respective Affiliates should
be discovered by the Company, Parent or Merger Sub which should be set forth
in an amendment or supplement to the Company Proxy Statement or Schedule 13E-3,
as applicable, so that the Company Proxy Statement or Schedule 13E-3, as applicable,
shall not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any
material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the
statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they are made,
not misleading, the party that discovers such information shall promptly notify
the other parties and, to the extent required by applicable Law, the Company
shall disseminate an appropriate amendment thereof or supplement thereto describing
such information to the Companys stockholders.
(d) In connection with the filing of the Company Proxy Statement, the Company
and Merger Sub will cooperate to (i) concurrently with the preparation and filing
of the Company Proxy Statement, jointly prepare and file with the SEC the Schedule
13E-3 relating to the Merger and the other transactions contemplated hereby
and furnish to each other all information concerning such party as may be reasonably
requested in connection with the preparation of the Schedule 13E-3, (ii) respond
as promptly as reasonably practicable to any comments received from the SEC
with respect to such filings and will consult with each other prior to providing
such response, (iii) as promptly as |