AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER
BY AND AMONG
SOVEREIGN HOLDINGS, INC.,
SOVEREIGN MERGER SUB, INC.
AND
SABRE HOLDINGS CORPORATION
DATED AS OF
DECEMBER 12, 2006
AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER, dated as of December 12, 2006, by and among Sovereign
Holdings, Inc., a Delaware corporation ("Parent"), Sovereign Merger Sub, Inc., a
Delaware corporation and a wholly-owned direct Subsidiary of Parent ("Merger Sub"),
and Sabre Holdings Corporation, a Delaware corporation (the "Company"). Each of
Parent, Merger Sub and the Company are referred to herein as a "Party" and together
as "Parties".
WHEREAS, the respective Boards of Directors of Parent, Merger Sub and the Company
have approved and declared advisable the merger of Merger Sub with and into the
Company (the "Merger") upon the terms and subject to the conditions of this Agreement
and Plan of Merger, including the exhibits and disclosure schedules attached hereto
(the "Agreement") and in accordance with the General Corporation Law of the State
of Delaware (the "DGCL");
WHEREAS, the respective Boards of Directors of each of Parent, Merger Sub and
the Company have determined that the Merger is in furtherance of, and consistent
with, their respective business strategies and is in the best interest of their
respective stockholders, and have approved and declared advisable or adopted, in
the case of the Board of Directors of the Company, this Agreement and the Merger;
WHEREAS, concurrently with the execution of this Agreement, and as a condition
to the willingness of the Company to enter into this Agreement, TPG Partners V,
L.P. and Silver Lake Partners II, L.P. (each, a "Fund") is entering into an Equity
Commitment Letter (the "Equity Commitment Letter") and a Limited Guarantee (the
"Limited Guarantee") in the forms attached as Exhibits A.1 and A.2, respectively,
pursuant to which such Fund is, among other things, guaranteeing certain obligations
of Parent and Merger Sub in connection with this Agreement and agreeing to provide
equity financing to Parent in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby;
and
WHEREAS, Parent, Merger Sub and the Company wish to make certain representations,
warranties, covenants and agreements in connection with the Merger and also to prescribe
certain conditions to the Merger.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing and the respective representations,
warranties, covenants and agreements set forth in this Agreement and intending to
be legally bound hereby, the Parties agree as follows:
ARTICLE 1.
Defined Terms and Interpretation
1.1 Certain Definitions.
For purposes of this Agreement, the term:
"Affiliate" shall mean a Person that directly or indirectly, through one or more
intermediaries, controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with, the
first-mentioned Person, where "control" (including the terms "controlled by" and
"under common control with") shall mean the possession, directly or indirectly or
as trustee or executor, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management
or policies of a Person, whether through the ownership of stock or as trustee or
executor, by Contract or otherwise.
"Benefit Plan" shall mean any employment, consulting, severance, termination,
retirement, profit sharing, bonus, incentive or deferred compensation, retention
bonus or change in control agreement, deferred compensation, bonus, pension, stock
option, restricted stock or other equity-based benefit, profit sharing, savings,
retirement, life, health, disability, accident, medical, insurance, vacation, paid
time off, long term care, executive or other employee allowance program, other welfare
fringe benefit or other employee compensation or benefit plan, program, arrangement,
agreement, fund or commitment, including any "employee benefit plan" as defined
in Section 3(3) of ERISA, whether or not subject to ERISA.
"Blue Sky Laws" shall mean state securities or "blue sky" Laws.
"Business Day" shall mean any day other than a Saturday, Sunday and any day which
is a legal holiday under the Laws of the State of New York or the State of Texas
or is a day on which banking institutions located in the State of New York or the
State of Texas are authorized or required by Law or other governmental action to
close.
"Code" shall mean the United States Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.
"Company Benefit Plan" shall mean any Benefit Plan for the benefit or welfare
of any current or former director, officer, employee or independent contractor of
the Company or any Company Subsidiary.
"Company By-laws" shall mean the Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Company,
effective as of May 18, 2005.
"Company Certificate" shall mean the Third Restated Certificate of Incorporation
of the Company, as filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on
May 17, 2005.
"Company Common Stock" shall mean the Class A Common Stock of the Company, par
value $.01 per share.
"Company Material Adverse Effect" shall mean a material adverse effect on the
business, properties, assets, results of operations or financial condition of the
Company and the Company Subsidiaries taken as a whole; provided, that in no event
shall any of the following be taken into account in determining whether a "Company
Material Adverse Effect" has occurred or is likely or expected to occur: (a) any
change in the Company's stock price or trading volume in and of itself; (b) the
public announcement or the pendency of this Agreement or any of the transactions
contemplated herein or any actions taken at the request or with the express consent
of Parent, including the impact thereof on the relationships of the Company or the
Company Subsidiaries with customers, suppliers, distributors, consultants, employees
or independent contractors or other third parties with whom the Company or any Company
Subsidiary has any relationship; (c) any failure by the Company to meet any projections
or forecasts for any period occurring on or after the date hereof, in and of itself;
(d) changes generally affecting any segment of the industries in which the Company
or the Company Subsidiaries operate; (e) changes generally affecting the economy
or financial markets generally; (f) acts of God, calamities, national or international
political or social conditions including the engagement by any country in hostilities,
whether commenced before or after the date hereof, and whether or not pursuant to
the declaration of a national emergency or war, or the occurrence of any military
or terrorist attack; or (g) changes in Law or GAAP (or any interpretation thereof);
provided, however, that the foregoing clauses (d), (e) and (f) shall not apply to
the extent that the adverse effect upon the Company and the Company Subsidiaries
is disproportionately greater to the Company and the Company Subsidiaries taken
as a whole, relative to other companies (taking into account the relative size of
their assets and businesses) engaged in the industries in which the Company or the
Company Subsidiaries operate.
"Company Permits" shall mean all permits, licenses, authorizations, franchises,
approvals, registrations, qualifications, rights, variances, certificates, certifications,
consents and Orders of all Governmental Entities necessary to own, lease and operate
the properties of the Company and/or the Company Subsidiaries and for the lawful
conduct of their business as currently conducted.
"Continuing Employee" shall mean any Person who is employed by the Company or
any Company Subsidiary as of the Effective Time (including Persons on disability
or leave of absence, whether paid or unpaid) other than any Person covered by a
collective bargaining or similar labor agreement.
"Contract" shall mean any note, bond, mortgage, indenture, lease, license, permit,
concession, franchise, guarantee, contract, agreement or other instrument or obligation.
"Environment" shall mean any ambient, workplace or indoor air, surface water,
drinking water, groundwater, land surface, subsurface strata, river sediment, plant
or animal life, natural resources, and real property and the buildings, structures,
improvements and fixtures thereon.
"Environmental Laws" shall mean any Law relating to: (a) the protection, remediation,
preservation, reclamation or cleanup of the Environment; (b) the management, handling,
use, storage, transportation, treatment, disposal, recycling or Release or threatened
Release of any Hazardous Materials; or (c) the protection of human health and safety,
including, without limitation, occupational health and safety and exposure of employees
and other persons to any Hazardous Materials.
"Equity Interest" shall mean any share, capital stock, partnership, member or
similar interest in any entity and any option, warrant, right or security convertible,
exchangeable or exercisable therefor.
"Exchange Act" shall mean the United States Securities Exchange Act of 1934,
as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
"GAAP" shall mean generally accepted accounting principles as applied in the
United States.
"Governmental Entity" shall mean any domestic, foreign, multinational, central,
local or municipal governmental, administrative, judicial or regulatory authority.
"Group" shall have the meaning provided in Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act,
except where the context otherwise requires.
"Guarantee" shall mean, with respect to any Person, (a) any guarantee of the
payment or performance of, or any contingent obligation in respect of, any Indebtedness
or other liability of any other Person and (b) any other arrangement whereby credit
is extended to any obligor (other than such Person) on the basis of any promise
or undertaking of such Person (i) to pay the Indebtedness or other liability of
such obligor, (ii) to purchase any obligation owed by such obligor, (iii) to purchase
or lease assets under circumstances that are designed to enable such obligor to
discharge one or more of its obligations or (iv) to maintain the capital, working
capital, solvency or general financial condition of such obligor.
"Hazardous Materials" shall mean (i) any petroleum or any fraction thereof, petroleum
products or byproducts, radioactive materials, asbestos or any asbestos-containing
materials, polychlorinated biphenyls, (ii) any pollutant or contaminant, or (iii)
any waste, material or substance defined as a "hazardous substance," "hazardous
material," or "hazardous waste" or regulated or giving rise to liability under any
Environmental Law.
"HSR Act" shall mean the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976,
as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
"Indebtedness" of any Person shall mean (a) all obligations or indebtedness of
such Person for or in respect of borrowed money or the deferred purchase price of
property or services, including earn-outs but excluding trade payables on ordinary
trade terms incurred in the ordinary course of business, (b) all obligations or
indebtedness of such Person evidenced by notes, bonds, debentures or similar instruments,
(c) reimbursement obligations with respect to all letters of credit, surety bonds
and similar instruments issued for the account of such Person, (d) all payment obligations
of such Person under any interest rate and currency protection agreement (including,
without limitation, any swaps, forward contracts, caps, floors, collars and similar
agreements) and commodity swaps, forward contracts and other hedging and similar
agreements (including breakage and associated fees), (e) all obligations of such
Person under capital leases (computed in accordance with GAAP) and (f) all obligations
in the nature of Guarantees of the obligations described in clauses (a) through
(e) above of any other Person, including principal, accrued interest, premium (if
any), and prepayment penalties.
"Intellectual Property" shall mean, collectively, all patents, patent rights,
inventions and discoveries (whether or not patentable or reduced to practice), trademarks,
trade names, corporate names, company names, business names, fictitious business
names, trade styles, service marks, logos and other source or business identifiers,
copyrights, trade secrets and all other confidential or proprietary information
and know-how, whether or not reduced to writing or any other tangible form, and
other proprietary intellectual property rights and computer programs arising under
the laws of the United States (including any state or territory), any other country
or group of countries or any political subdivision of any of the foregoing, whether
registered or unregistered.
"Knowledge" shall mean (i) in the case of the Company, the actual knowledge of
the Persons listed on Exhibit B.1 and (ii) in the case of Parent, Merger Sub or
any other member of the Parent Group, the actual knowledge of the Persons listed
on Exhibit B.2.
"Law" shall mean any foreign, multinational or domestic law, statute, code, ordinance,
rule, regulation, or Order.
"Lien" shall mean any mortgage, deed of trust, pledge, security interest, encumbrance,
lien (statutory or not), easement, right-of-way, encroachment, third-party right
or charge of any kind (including any conditional sale or other title retention agreement
or lease in the nature thereof).
"Multiemployer Plan" shall mean any "multiemployer plan" within the meaning of
Section 3(37) of ERISA.
"Multiple Employer Plan" shall mean any "multiple employer plan" within the meaning
of Sections 4063/4064 of ERISA or Section 413(c) of the Code.
"NYSE" shall mean the New York Stock Exchange, Inc.
"Order" shall mean any order, judgment, writ, stipulation, award, injunction,
decree, determination, requirement, arbitration award or finding of any Governmental
Entity.
"Parent Group" shall mean Parent and its Affiliates.
"Person" shall mean an individual, corporation, limited liability company, partnership,
association, trust, estate, unincorporated organization or other entity or organization.
"Release" shall mean any spilling, leaking, pumping, pouring, emitting, emptying,
discharging, injecting, escaping, leaching, dumping or disposing into the Environment,
including the abandonment or discarding of barrels, containers and other receptacles.
"Representative" shall mean any of the Company Representatives or Parent Representatives.
"Sarbanes-Oxley Act" shall mean the United States Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002,
as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
"SEC" shall mean the United States Securities and Exchange Commission.
"Securities Act" shall mean the United States Securities Act of 1933, as amended,
and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
"Subsidiary" or "Subsidiaries" of the Company, the Surviving Corporation or any
other Person shall mean any corporation, partnership, joint venture or other legal
entity of which the Company, the Surviving Corporation or such other Person, as
the case may be (either alone or through or together with any other Subsidiary),
owns, directly or indirectly, a majority of the stock or other Equity Interests,
the holders of which are generally entitled to vote for the election of the board
of directors or other governing body of such corporation or other legal entity.
"Superior Proposal" shall mean a bona fide written Takeover Proposal (with all
of the percentages included in the definition of Takeover Proposal increased to
50%) which the Company Board determines in good faith (after consultation with its
financial advisors and legal counsel) (i) is reasonably likely to be consummated
in accordance with its terms and (ii) if consummated, would result in a transaction
more favorable (in each case with respect to clauses (i) and (ii), taking into account,
among other things, the Person or Group making such Takeover Proposal and all legal,
financial, regulatory, fiduciary and other aspects of this Agreement and such Takeover
Proposal, including any conditions relating to financing, regulatory approvals or
other events or circumstances beyond the control of the Party invoking the condition
and taking into account any revisions made or proposed in writing by Parent or Merger
Sub prior to the time of determination) to the holders of Company Common Stock than
the transactions provided for in this Agreement.
"Surviving Corporation Benefit Plan" shall mean any Benefit Plan for the benefit
or welfare of any Continuing Employee, whether maintained by Parent, the Surviving
Corporation or any of their Subsidiaries.
"Takeover Proposal" shall mean any inquiry, proposal or offer relating to (i)
the acquisition of more than twenty-five (25) percent of the outstanding shares
of Company Common Stock and any other voting securities of the Company by any Third
Party, (ii) a merger, consolidation, business combination, reorganization, share
exchange, sale of assets, recapitalization, liquidation, dissolution or similar
transaction which would result in any Third Party acquiring twenty-five (25) percent
or more of the fair market value of the assets of the Company and the Company Subsidiaries,
taken as a whole (including capital stock of Company Subsidiaries), (iii) any other
transaction which would result in a Third Party acquiring twenty-five (25) percent
or more of the fair market value of the assets of the Company and the Company Subsidiaries,
taken as a whole (including capital stock of Company Subsidiaries), immediately
prior to such transaction (whether by purchase of assets, acquisition of stock of
a Company Subsidiary or otherwise) or (iv) any combination of the foregoing.
"Tax Returns" shall mean any report or return (including any information return)
or statement required to be filed with any Governmental Entity with respect to Taxes.
"Taxes" shall mean any and all taxes, duties, tariffs, imposts and other similar
charges (together with any and all interest, penalties, additions to tax and additional
amounts imposed with respect thereto) imposed by any Governmental Entity, including
those on or measured by or referred to as income, franchise, windfall or other profits,
gross receipts, property, sales, use, net worth, capital stock, payroll, employment,
social security, workers' compensation, unemployment compensation, excise, withholding,
ad valorem, stamp, transfer, transient, occupancy, accommodation, sales or hotel
room taxes, value-added and provider taxes.
"Third Party" shall mean any Person or Group other than the Company, the Company
Subsidiaries, the Parent Group or any Person in the Parent Group.
1.2 Terms Defined Elsewhere. The following terms are defined elsewhere
in this Agreement, as indicated below:
| "409A Authorities" |
Section 4.9.7 |
| "Agreement" |
Recitals |
| "AJCA" |
Section 4.9.7 |
| "Antitrust Division" |
Section 6.5.1 |
| "Bankruptcy and Equity Exception" |
Section 4.3.1 |
| "Business Interruption Fee" |
Section 8.5 |
| "Certificate of Merger" |
Section 2.3 |
| "Certificates" |
Section 3.2.2 |
| "Closing" |
Section 2.2 |
| "Closing Date" |
Section 2.2 |
| "Commitments" |
Section 5.6 |
| "Company" |
Preamble |
| "Company Adverse Recommendation Change" |
Section 6.4.2 |
| "Company Board" |
Section 3.5.1 |
| "Company Disclosure Schedule" |
Article 4 |
| "Company Financial Advisors" |
Section 4.17 |
| "Company Financial Statements" |
Section 4.6.2 |
| "Company Leased Premises" |
Section 4.16 |
| "Company Material Contract" |
Section 4.10 |
| "Company Options" |
Section 3.5.1 |
| "Company Owned Properties" |
Section 4.16 |
| "Company Preferred Stock" |
Section 4.2.1 |
| "Company Properties" |
Section 4.16 |
| "Company Recommendation" |
Section 4.17 |
| "Company Representatives" |
Section 6.3.1 |
| "Company SEC Filings" |
Section 4.6.1 |
| "Company Stock-Based Award" |
Section 3.5.1 |
| "Company Stockholders' Meeting" |
Section 6.2.3 |
| "Company Stock Plans" |
Section 3.5.1 |
| "Company Subsidiary" |
Section 4.1 |
| "Debt Commitment Letters" |
Section 5.6 |
| "D&O Insurance" |
Section 6.9.3 |
| "DGCL" |
Recitals |
| "Dissenting Shares" |
Section 3.1.1 |
| "Dissenting Stockholders" |
Section 3.1.1 |
| "ECMR" |
Section 6.5.1 |
| "Effective Time" |
Section 2.3 |
| "Equity Commitment Letter" |
Recitals |
| "ERISA" |
Section 4.9.2 |
| "ERISA Affiliate" |
Section 4.9.4 |
| "Exchange Fund" |
Section 3.2.1 |
| "Executive Officer" |
Section 6.1(j) |
| "Foreign Employees" |
Section 4.9.1 |
| "FTC" |
Section 6.5.1 |
| "Indemnified Parties" |
Section 6.9.2 |
| "IRS" |
Section 4.9.1 |
| "Limited Guarantee" |
Recitals |
| "Merger" |
Recitals |
| "Merger Consideration" |
Section 3.1.1 |
| "Merger Sub" |
Preamble |
| "NDA" |
Section 6.3.2 |
| "Nonqualified Deferred Compensation Plan" |
Section 4.9.7 |
| "Option Payments" |
Section 3.5.1 |
| "Parent" |
Preamble |
| "Parent Disclosure Schedule" |
Article 5 |
| "Parent Representatives" |
Section 6.3.1 |
| "Paying Agent" |
Section 3.2.1 |
| "Permitted Liens" |
Section 4.16 |
| "Property Restrictions" |
Section 4.16 |
| "Proxy Statement" |
Section 6.2.1 |
| "Purchaser Welfare Benefit Plan" |
Section 6.8.4 |
| "Regulatory Approvals" |
Section 6.5.1 |
| "Required Information" |
Section 6.14 |
| "Solvency Opinion" |
Section 6.13 |
| "Solvent" |
Section 5.10 |
| "Spinoff Agreement" |
Section 4.14.7 |
| "Stockholder Approval" |
Section 4.3.1 |
| "Surviving Corporation" |
Section 2.1 |
| "Termination Date" |
Section 8.1(b)(ii) |
| "Termination Fee" |
Section 8.4.1 |
| "WARN Act" |
Section 4.9.9 |
1.3 Interpretation. In this Agreement, unless otherwise specified, the
following rules of interpretation apply:
(a) references to Sections, Schedules, Annexes, Exhibits, Clauses and Parties
are references to sections or sub-sections, schedules, annexes, exhibits and clauses
of, and parties to, this Agreement;
(b) references to any Person include references to such Person's successors and
permitted assigns;
(c) words importing the singular include the plural and vice versa;
(d) words importing one gender include the other gender;
(e) references to the word "including" do not imply any limitation;
(f) references to months are to calendar months;
(g) the words "hereof", "herein" and "hereunder" and words of similar import,
when used in this Agreement, refer to this Agreement as a whole and not to any particular
provision of this Agreement;
(h) references to "$" or "dollars" refer to U.S. dollars;
(i) to the extent this Agreement refers to information or documents having been
made available (or delivered or provided) to Parent or Merger Sub, the Company shall
be deemed to have satisfied such obligation if the Company or any Company Representatives
have made such information or document available (or delivered or provided such
information or document) to any of Parent, Merger Sub, or any Parent Representatives;
(j) a defined term has its defined meaning throughout this Agreement and in each
Exhibit and Schedule to this Agreement, regardless of whether it appears before
or after the place where it is defined; and
(k) references to any specific provisions of any Law shall also be deemed to
be references to any successor provisions or amendments thereof.
ARTICLE 2.
The Merger
2.1 The Merger. Upon the terms and subject to satisfaction or waiver
of the conditions set forth in this Agreement, and in accordance with the DGCL,
Merger Sub shall be merged with and into the Company. As a result of the Merger,
the separate corporate existence of Merger Sub shall cease and the Company shall
continue as the surviving corporation of the Merger (the "Surviving Corporation").
2.2 Closing. Subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, the
closing of the Merger (the "Closing") shall take place on a day that is a Business
Day (i) at the offices of Latham & Watkins LLP, 885 Third Avenue, New York, New
York 10022 at 10:00 a.m., New York City time, no later than the third Business Day
following the satisfaction of the conditions set forth in Article 7 (other than
(a) those conditions that are waived in accordance with the terms of this Agreement
by the Party or Parties for whose benefit such conditions exist and (b) any such
conditions, which by their terms, are not capable of being satisfied until the Closing)
or (ii) at such other place, time and/or date as the Parties may otherwise agree;
provided, however, that, notwithstanding the satisfaction or waiver of the conditions
set forth in Article 7 as of any date, the Parties shall not be required to effect
the Closing until the earlier of (a) a date during the Marketing Period specified
by Parent on no less than three Business Days' notice to the Company and (b) the
final day of the Marketing Period (subject in each case to the satisfaction or waiver (by the party entitled to grant such waiver) of all of the conditions
set forth in Article 7 as of the date determined pursuant to this proviso); provided,
further, that this Agreement may be terminated pursuant to and in accordance with
Section 8.1 hereof such that the Parties shall not be required to effect the Closing,
regardless of whether the final day of the Marketing Period shall have occurred
before such termination. The date upon which the Closing shall occur is referred
to herein as the "Closing Date".
2.3 Effective Time. The Parties shall cause a certificate of merger (the
"Certificate of Merger") to be properly executed and filed in accordance with the DGCL and the terms of this Agreement. The Merger shall become effective at such
time as the Certificate of Merger is duly filed with the Secretary of State of the
State of Delaware or at such other time as is specified by the Parties as the Effective
Time in the Certificate of Merger (the "Effective Time").
2.4 Effect of the Merger. At the Effective Time, the effect of the Merger
shall be as provided in the applicable provisions of the DGCL. Without limiting
the generality of the foregoing, at the Effective Time, except as otherwise provided
herein, all the property, rights, privileges, powers and franchises of the Company
and Merger Sub shall vest in the Surviving Corporation, and all debts, liabilities
and duties of the Company and Merger Sub shall become the debts, liabilities and
duties of the Surviving Corporation.
2.5 Certificate of Incorporation; By-laws. At the Effective Time, the
Certificate of Incorporation and the By-laws of the Surviving Corporation shall,
subject to Section 6.9 hereof, be amended in their entirety to contain the provisions
set forth in the Certificate of Incorporation and the By-laws of Merger Sub, attached
as Exhibit C hereto, except that the name of the Surviving Corporation shall at
the Effective Time be changed to the name of the Company.
2.6 Directors and Officers. The directors of Merger Sub and the officers
of the Company immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be the initial directors
and officers of the Surviving Corporation, each to hold office in accordance with
the Certificate of Incorporation and By-laws of the Surviving Corporation.
ARTICLE 3.
Conversion of Securities; Exchange of Certificates
3.1 Conversion of Securities. At the Effective Time, by virtue of the
Merger and without any action on the part of Merger Sub, the Company or its stockholders,
the following shall occur.
3.1.1 Conversion Generally. Each share of Company Common Stock issued
and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time (other than any shares of
Company Common Stock to be canceled pursuant to 3.1.2 and any shares of
Company Common Stock ("Dissenting Shares") which are held by stockholders exercising
appraisal rights pursuant to 262 of the DGCL ("Dissenting Stockholders")),
shall be converted, subject to Section 3.2.4, into the right to receive $32.75 in
cash, payable to the holder thereof, without interest (the "Merger Consideration").
All such shares of Company Common Stock shall no longer be outstanding and shall
automatically be canceled and retired and shall cease to exist, and each Certificate
which immediately prior to the Effective Time represented such shares shall thereafter represent the right to receive the Merger Consideration therefor.
Certificates previously representing shares of Company Common Stock (other than
any shares of Company Common Stock to be canceled pursuant to Section 3.1.2) shall
be exchanged for the Merger Consideration, without interest, upon the surrender
of such Certificates in accordance with the provisions of Section 3.2.
3.1.2 Cancellation of Certain Shares. Each share of Company Common Stock
held by Parent, Merger Sub, any Subsidiary of Parent or Merger Sub, in the treasury
of the Company or by any Company Subsidiary immediately prior to the Effective Time
shall be canceled and extinguished without any conversion thereof and no payment
shall be made with respect thereto. Following the Effective Time, each certificate
evidencing ownership of shares of Merger Sub common stock shall evidence ownership
of such shares of the Surviving Corporation.
3.1.3 Merger Sub. Each share of common stock, par value $0.01 per share,
of Merger Sub issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time shall
be converted into and be exchanged for one newly and validly issued, fully paid
and nonassessable share of common stock of the Surviving Corporation.
3.1.4 Change in Shares. If between the date of this Agreement and the
Effective Time the outstanding shares of Company Common Stock shall have been changed
into a different number of shares or a different class, by reason of any stock dividend,
subdivision, reclassification, recapitalization, split, reverse split, combination
or exchange of shares or any other similar transaction, the Merger Consideration
shall be correspondingly adjusted to reflect such stock dividend, subdivision, reclassification,
recapitalization, split, reverse split, combination or exchange of shares and to
provide to the holders of Company Common Stock the same economic effect as contemplated
by this Agreement prior to such action, provided, that nothing herein shall be construed
to permit the Company to take any action with respect to its securities that is
prohibited or not expressly permitted by the terms of this Agreement.
3.2 Exchange of Certificates.
3.2.1 Paying Agent. At the Closing, Parent shall deposit, or shall cause
to be deposited, with a bank or trust company designated by Parent and reasonably
satisfactory to the Company (the "Paying Agent"), for the benefit of the holders
of shares of Company Common Stock, for exchange in accordance with this Article
3, through the Paying Agent, cash in U.S. dollars in an amount sufficient to pay
the aggregate amount of the Merger Consideration (such cash being hereinafter referred
to as the "Exchange Fund") payable pursuant to Section 3.1 in exchange for outstanding
shares of Company Common Stock. The Paying Agent shall, pursuant to irrevocable
instructions, deliver the Merger Consideration contemplated to be paid pursuant
to Section 3.1 out of the Exchange Fund. The Exchange Fund shall be invested by
the Paying Agent as directed by Parent; provided, however, that: (i) no such investment
or losses thereon shall affect the Merger Consideration payable to the holders of
Company Common Stock and following any losses Parent shall promptly provide additional
funds to the Paying Agent for the benefit of the holders of the shares of the Company
Common Stock in the amount of any such losses; and (ii) such investments shall be
in obligations of or guaranteed by the United States of America or any agency or instrumentality thereof
and backed by the full faith and credit of the United States of America, in commercial
paper obligations rated A-1 or P-1 or better by Moody's Investors Service, Inc.
or Standard & Poor's Corporation, respectively, or in certificates of deposit, bank
repurchase agreements or banker's acceptances of commercial banks with capital exceeding
$1 billion (based on the most recent financial statements of such bank that are
then publicly available). Any net profit resulting from, or interest or income produced
by, such investments shall be payable to the Surviving Corporation or Parent, as
Parent directs. The Exchange Fund shall not be used for any other purpose.
3.2.2 Exchange Procedures. Promptly following the Effective Time (but
in no event later than three (3) Business Days following the Effective Time), Parent
shall instruct the Paying Agent to mail to each holder of record of a certificate
or certificates which immediately prior to the Effective Time represented outstanding
shares of Company Common Stock (the "Certificates") (i) a letter of transmittal
in customary form (which shall specify that delivery shall be effected, and risk
of loss and title to the Certificates shall pass, only upon proper delivery of the
Certificates to the Paying Agent and shall be subject to the consent of the Company
prior to the Effective Time, such consent not to be unreasonably withheld) and (ii)
instructions for use in effecting the surrender of the Certificates in exchange
for the Merger Consideration. Upon surrender of a Certificate for cancellation to
the Paying Agent together with such letter of transmittal, properly completed and
duly executed, and such other documents as may be reasonably required pursuant to
such instructions (or, if such shares are held in book-entry or other uncertificated
form, upon the entry through a book-entry transfer agent of the surrender of such
shares on a book-entry account statement (it being understood that any references
herein to "Certificates" shall be deemed to include references to book-entry account
statements relating to the ownership of shares of Company Common Stock)), the holder
of such Certificate shall be entitled to receive in exchange therefor the Merger
Consideration which such holder has the right to receive in respect of the shares
of Company Common Stock formerly represented by such Certificate, and the Certificate
so surrendered shall forthwith be canceled. No interest will be paid or accrued
on any Merger Consideration payable to holders of Certificates. In the event of
a transfer of ownership of shares of Company Common Stock which is not registered
in the transfer records of the Company, the Merger Consideration may be issued to
a transferee if the Certificate representing such shares of Company Common Stock
is presented to the Paying Agent, accompanied by all documents required to evidence
and effect such transfer and by evidence that any applicable stock transfer Taxes
have been paid. Until surrendered as contemplated by this Section 3.2, each Certificate
shall be deemed at any time after the Effective Time to represent only the right
to receive upon such surrender the Merger Consideration or the right to demand to
be paid the "fair value" of the shares represented thereby as contemplated by Section
3.3.
3.2.3 Further Rights in Company Common Stock. All Merger Consideration
paid in accordance with the terms hereof shall be deemed to have been issued in
full satisfaction of all rights pertaining to such shares of Company Common Stock.
3.2.4 Termination of Exchange Fund. Any portion of the Exchange Fund
which remains undistributed to the holders of Company Common Stock for one (1) year
after the Effective Time shall be delivered to the Surviving Corporation upon demand,
and any holders of Company Common Stock who have not theretofore complied with this
Article 3 shall thereafter look only to the Surviving Corporation for the Merger
Consideration, without any interest thereon.
3.2.5 No Liability. None of Parent, the Company or the Surviving Corporation
shall be liable to any holder of shares of Company Common Stock for any cash from
the Exchange Fund delivered to a public official pursuant to any abandoned property,
escheat or similar Law.
3.2.6 Lost Certificates. If any Certificate shall have been lost, stolen
or destroyed, upon the making of an affidavit of that fact by the Person claiming
such Certificate to be lost, stolen or destroyed and, if required by Parent, the
posting by such Person of a bond, in such reasonable and customary amount as Parent
may direct, as indemnity against any claim that may be made against it with respect
to such lost, stolen or destroyed Certificate, the Paying Agent will issue in exchange
for such lost, stolen or destroyed Certificate the Merger Consideration without
any interest thereon.
3.2.7 Withholding. Parent, the Surviving Corporation or the Paying Agent
shall be entitled to deduct and withhold from the consideration otherwise payable
pursuant to this Agreement to any holder of Company Common Stock, holder of Company
Options or holder of a Company Stock-Based Award such amounts as Parent, the Surviving
Corporation or the Paying Agent are required to deduct and withhold under the Code,
or any provision of state, local or foreign tax Law, with respect to the making
of such payment. To the extent that amounts are so withheld by Parent, the Surviving
Corporation or the Paying Agent, such withheld amounts shall be treated for all
purposes of this Agreement as having been paid to the holder of Company Common Stock,
holder of Company Options or holder of a Company Stock-Based Award in respect of
whom such deduction and withholding was made by Parent, the Surviving Corporation
or the Paying Agent.
3.3 Dissenters' Rights. Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to
the contrary, if any Dissenting Stockholder shall demand to be paid the "fair value"
of its Dissenting Shares, as provided in Section 262 of the DGCL, such Dissenting
Shares shall not be converted into or exchangeable for the right to receive the
Merger Consideration (except as provided in this Section 3.3) and shall entitle
such Dissenting Stockholder only to payment of the fair value of such Dissenting
Shares, in accordance with Section 262 of the DGCL, unless and until such Dissenting
Stockholder withdraws (in accordance with Section 262(k) of the DGCL) or effectively
loses the right to dissent. The Company shall not, except with the prior written
consent of Parent, voluntarily make any payment with respect to, or settle or offer
to settle, any such demand for payment of fair value of Dissenting Shares prior
to the Effective Time. The Company shall give Parent notice thereof prior to the
Effective Time and Parent shall have the right to participate at its own expense
in all negotiations and proceedings with respect to any such demands. If any Dissenting
Stockholder shall have effectively withdrawn (in accordance with Section 262(k)
of the DGCL) or lost the right to dissent, then as of the later of the Effective
Time or the occurrence of such event, the Dissenting Shares held by such Dissenting
Stockholder shall be cancelled and converted into and represent the right to receive
the Merger Consideration pursuant to Section 3.1.
3.4 Stock Transfer Books. At the Effective Time, the stock transfer books
of the Company shall be closed (after giving effect to the items contemplated by
this Article 3) and thereafter, there shall be no further registration of transfers
of shares of Company Common Stock theretofore outstanding on the records of the
Company. From and after the Effective Time, the holders of Certificates shall cease
to have any rights with respect to such shares of Company Common Stock except as
otherwise provided herein or by Law. On or after the Effective Time, any Certificates
presented to the Paying Agent or Parent for any reason shall be converted into the
Merger Consideration.
3.5 Company Options and Stock-Based Awards.
3.5.1 Prior to the Effective Time, the Board of Directors of the Company
(or, if appropriate, any committee thereof) (the "Company Board") shall, in accordance
with the terms of the applicable Company Benefit Plan and consistent with the requirements
of Section 409A of the Code, take all actions necessary and appropriate to provide
that, concurrent with the Effective Time: (i) each outstanding, unexpired and unexercised
option to purchase Company Common Stock (the "Company Options") granted under the
employee and director stock plans of the Company or under any individual consultant,
employee or director agreement (the "Company Stock Plans"), whether or not then
exercisable, conditioned or vested, shall fully vest and be deemed to be exercised
and cancelled and each holder of a Company Option shall be entitled to receive at
the Effective Time, in consideration of the deemed exercise and cancellation of
such Company Option, a payment by the Surviving Corporation (or, at Parent's option,
Parent) in cash (subject to any applicable withholding or other Taxes required by
applicable Law to be withheld), in an amount equal to the product of (x) the total
number of shares of Company Common Stock subject to such Company Option (determined
on the basis that such Company Option is fully vested and currently exercisable)
and (y) the excess, if any, of the Merger Consideration over the exercise price
per share of Company Common Stock subject to such Company Option (such amounts payable
hereunder being referred to as the "Option Payments"); and (ii) each right of any
kind, contingent or accrued, to receive shares of Company Common Stock or benefits
measured by the value of a number of shares of Company Common Stock, and each award
of any kind consisting of shares of Company Common Stock, granted under Company
Stock Plans (including stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, restricted stock
units, deferred stock units, performance shares and dividend equivalents), other
than Company Options (each, a "Company Stock-Based Award"), whether or not then
vested, shall fully vest and each beneficiary of a Company Stock-Based Award providing
for such beneficiary to receive shares of Company Common Stock shall, in lieu thereof,
be entitled to, and shall be paid pursuant to Section 3.2, the Merger Consideration
pursuant to Section 3.1.1 of this Agreement in respect of such shares of Company
Common Stock. At and after the Effective Time, each Company Option shall be cancelled
and terminated and shall only entitle such holder to payment of the Option Payment
as described in this Section 3.5.
ARTICLE 4.
Representations and Warranties of the Company
Subject to (i) any information contained, or incorporated by reference, in any
of the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2005
and the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended September 30,
2006, each as filed prior to the date hereof, other than information in the "Risk
Factors" section of such Company SEC Filings and any other disclosures included
in such filings that are predictive or forward-looking in nature (provided, that
the exception under this clause (i) shall not apply to the representations and warranties
set forth in Sections 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.6 and 4.18) and to (ii) such exceptions
as are disclosed in the disclosure schedule (the "Company Disclosure Schedule")
delivered by the Company to Parent concurrently with the execution and delivery
of this Agreement (it being understood that (a) the disclosure of any fact or item
in any section of the Company Disclosure Schedule shall apply to the indicated Section
of this Agreement and any other Section of this Agreement to the extent that it
is reasonably apparent that such disclosure is relevant to such other Section of
this Agreement, and (b) the disclosure of any matter or item in the Company Disclosure
Schedule shall not be deemed to constitute an acknowledgement that such matter or
item is required to be disclosed therein or is material to a representation or warranty
set forth in this Agreement and shall not be used as a basis for interpreting the
terms "material," "materially," "materiality" or "Company Material Adverse Effect"
or any word or phrase of similar import and does not mean that such matter or item
would, alone or together with any other matter or item, reasonably be expected to
have a Company Material Adverse Effect), the Company represents and warrants to
Parent and Merger Sub as follows:
4.1 Organization and Qualification; Subsidiaries. The Company is a corporation
duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the Laws of the State
of Delaware. Each Subsidiary of the Company (each, a "Company Subsidiary") has been
duly organized, and is validly existing and, where such concept is recognized, in
good standing under the Laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation or organization,
as the case may be, except to the extent the failure of any such Company Subsidiary
to be in good standing would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Company
Material Adverse Effect. Section 4.1 of the Company Disclosure Schedule contains
a complete list of all of the Company Subsidiaries. The Company and each Company
Subsidiary has the requisite power and authority and all governmental approvals
and Company Permits necessary to own, lease and operate its properties and to carry
on its business as it is now being conducted, except for such government approvals,
the absence of which, individually or in the aggregate, is not reasonably expected
to have a Company Material Adverse Effect. The Company and each Company Subsidiary
is duly qualified or licensed to do business, and is in good standing, in each jurisdiction
where the character of the properties owned, leased or operated by it or the nature
of its business makes such qualification, licensing or good standing necessary,
except for such failures to be so qualified, licensed or in good standing that,
individually or in the aggregate, are not reasonably expected to have a Company
Material Adverse Effect. The Company has heretofore made available to Parent complete
and correct copies of the certificate of incorporation and by-laws (or similar organizational
documents) of the Company and each material Company Subsidiary, and all amendments
thereto, as currently in effect.
4.2 Capitalization; Subsidiaries.
4.2.1 The authorized capital stock of the Company consists of 250,000,000
shares of Company Common Stock and 20,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value
$0.01 per share (the "Company Preferred Stock"). As of November 30, 2006, there
were (a) 132,904,449 shares of Company Common Stock (other than treasury shares)
issued and outstanding, of which 2,121,871 are restricted pursuant to their issuance
as Company Stock-Based Awards, (b) 13,027,225 shares of Company Common Stock held
in the treasury of the Company, (c) 16,942,258 shares of Company Common Stock issuable
upon exercise of outstanding Company Options, (d) 967,147 shares of Company Common
Stock issuable pursuant to Company Stock-Based Awards and (e) no shares of Company
Preferred Stock issued and outstanding. Section 4.2.1 of the Company Disclosure
Schedule sets forth as of November 30, 2006, a list of the holders of Company Options
and/or Company Stock-Based Awards, including (to the extent applicable) the date
on which each such Company Option or Company Stock-Based Award was granted and the
fair market value of the Company's stock on such date, the number of shares of Company
Common Stock subject to such Company Option or Company Stock-Based Award, the expiration
date of such Company Option or Company Stock-Based Award, the price at which such
Company Option or Company Stock-Based Award may be exercised under an applicable
Company Stock Plan and the vesting schedule/status of each such Company Option or
Company Stock-Based Award.
4.2.2 All of the outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company have
been duly authorized and validly issued and are fully paid and nonassessable and
free of preemptive rights. Except as set forth in Section 4.2.1, there are no options,
warrants or other rights, agreements, arrangements or commitments of any character
to which the Company or any Company Subsidiary is a party or by which the Company
or any Company Subsidiary is bound relating to the issued or unissued Equity Interests
of the Company, or securities convertible into or exchangeable for such Equity Interests,
or obligating the Company to issue or sell any shares of its capital stock or other
Equity Interests, or securities convertible into or exchangeable for such capital
stock of, or other Equity Interests in, the Company. Except as set forth in Section
4.2.1, there are no outstanding contractual obligations of the Company or any Company
Subsidiary affecting the voting rights of or requiring the repurchase, redemption
or disposition of, any Equity Interests in the Company. Except as set forth in Section
4.2.1, since November 30, 2006 through the date hereof, the Company has not issued
any shares of its capital stock, or securities convertible into or exchangeable
for such capital stock or any other Equity Interests in the Company.
4.2.3 Each outstanding share of capital stock or other Equity Interest
of each Company Subsidiary is duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid, nonassessable
and free of preemptive rights and is held, directly or indirectly, by the Company
or another Company Subsidiary free and clear of all claims, liens and encumbrances.
Except as set forth in Section 4.2.1, there are no subscriptions, options, warrants,
rights, calls, contracts or other commitments, understandings, restrictions or arrangements
relating to the issuance or sale with respect to any shares of capital stock or
other ownership interests of any Company Subsidiary, including any right of conversion
or exchange under any outstanding security, instrument or agreement. Section 4.2.3
of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth all material Equity Interests owned,
directly or indirectly, by the Company and the Company Subsidiaries in any Person
other than a Company Subsidiary.
4.3 Authority.
4.3.1 The Company has all necessary corporate power and authority to
execute and deliver this Agreement, to perform its obligations hereunder and to
consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. The execution and delivery
of this Agreement by the Company and the consummation by the Company of the transactions
contemplated hereby have been duly and validly authorized by all necessary corporate
action and no other corporate proceedings on the part of the Company and no stockholder
votes are necessary to authorize this Agreement or to consummate the transactions
contemplated hereby other than, with respect to the Merger, the affirmative vote
of holders of a majority of outstanding shares of Company Common Stock to adopt
this Agreement and approve the transactions provided for herein (the "Stockholder
Approval"). This Agreement has been duly authorized and validly executed and delivered
by the Company and, assuming this Agreement is a valid and binding obligation of
Parent and Merger Sub, this Agreement constitutes a legal, valid and binding obligation
of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms, subject
to bankruptcy, insolvency (including all Laws relating to fraudulent transfers),
reorganization, moratorium and similar Laws of general applicability relating to
or affecting creditors' rights and to general equity principles (the "Bankruptcy
and Equity Exception").
4.3.2 The Company has taken all appropriate actions so that the restrictions
on business combinations contained in Section 203 of the DGCL will not apply with
respect to or as a result of this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby,
including the Merger, without any further action on the part of the stockholders
or the Company Board.
4.4 No Conflict; Required Filings and Consents.
4.4.1 The execution, delivery and performance by the Company of this
Agreement does not (i) assuming the Stockholder Approval is obtained, conflict with
or violate any provision of the Company Certificate or the Company By-laws or any
equivalent organizational documents of any Company Subsidiary, (ii) assuming that
all consents, approvals and authorizations described in Section 4.4.2 will have
been obtained prior to the Effective Time and all filings and notifications described
in Section 4.4.2 will have been made and any waiting periods thereunder will have
terminated or expired prior to the Effective Time, conflict with or violate any
Law applicable to the Company or any Company Subsidiary or by which any property
or asset of the Company or any Company Subsidiary is bound or affected or (iii)
require any consent or approval under, result in any breach of or any loss of any
benefit under, or constitute a default (or an event which with notice or lapse of
time or both would become a default) under, or give to others any right of termination,
vesting, amendment, acceleration or cancellation of, or result in the creation of
a Lien on any property or asset of the Company or any Company Subsidiary pursuant
to, any Contract to which the Company or any Company Subsidiary is a party or by
which any of their respective properties or assets are bound, except, with respect
to clauses (ii) and (iii), for matters that, individually or in the aggregate, are
not reasonably expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect.
4.4.2 The execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement by the
Company does not require any consent, approval or authorization of, or filing with
or notification to, any Governmental Entity, except (i) under the Exchange Act,
any applicable Blue Sky Law, the rules and regulations of the NYSE, the HSR Act,
ECMR, or any other antitrust, competition, trade or other regulatory Laws, (ii)
the filing and recordation of the Certificate of Merger as required by the DGCL
or (iii) where the failure to obtain such consents, approvals or authorizations,
or to make such filings or notifications would not (a) prevent or materially delay
the consummation of the Merger, (b) otherwise prevent or materially delay performance
by the Company of any of its material obligations under the Agreement or (c) individually
or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect.
4.5 Compliance with Laws. Except (i) with respect to Tax matters (which
are addressed in Section 4.14), Intellectual Property (which is addressed in Section
4.13), environmental matters (which are addressed in Section 4.12), benefits and
employee matters (which are addressed in Section 4.9) and (ii) for matters that,
individually or in the aggregate, are not reasonably expected to have a Company
Material Adverse Effect, (a) the Company and each Company Subsidiary holds all Company
Permits necessary for the lawful conduct of its business or ownership, use, occupancy
and operation of its assets and properties, (b) the Company and each Company Subsidiary
is in compliance, in all respects, with the terms of such Company Permits, except
for such matters for which the Company or Company Subsidiary has received written
notice from a Governmental Entity, which notice asserts a lack of compliance with
a particular Company Permit, but which permits the Company or Company Subsidiary
to cure such non-compliance within a reasonable period of time following the issuance
of such notice and which cure is being undertaken by the Company or Company Subsidiary,
and (c) none of the businesses of the Company or any Company Subsidiary is being
conducted in violation of, any Law applicable to the Company or such Company Subsidiary
or by which any property or asset of the Company or such Company Subsidiary is bound,
except where such violation is subject to a cure within a reasonable period of time
by the Company or Company Subsidiary, which cure is being undertaken by the Company
or Company Subsidiary.
4.6 SEC Filings; Financial Statements.
4.6.1 Company SEC Filings. The Company has timely filed or furnished
to or with the SEC all forms, reports, statements, certification and other documents
required to be filed or furnished by it under the Securities Act or the Exchange
Act, as the case may be, since December 31, 2005 (collectively, the "Company SEC
Filings"). Each Company SEC Filing, including any information incorporated by reference
therein, (i) as of its date, complied in all material respects with the applicable
requirements of the Securities Act, the Exchange Act and/or the Sarbanes-Oxley Act,
as the case may be and (ii) did not, at the time it was filed (or, if amended, at
the time of such amendment), contain any untrue statement of a material fact or
omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order
to make the statements made therein, in the light of the circumstances under which
they were made, not misleading. No Company Subsidiary is subject to the periodic reporting requirements
of the Exchange Act. No executive officer of the Company has failed in any respect
to make the certifications required of him or her under Section 302 or 906 of the
Sarbanes-Oxley Act with respect to any Company SEC Filing. The Company has made
available to Parent true, correct and complete copies of all written correspondence
between the SEC, on the one hand, and the Company and any of its Subsidiaries, on
the other hand, occurring since December 31, 2005. As of the date of this Agreement,
there are no outstanding or unresolved comments in comment letters received from
the SEC staff with respect to the Company SEC Filing. To the Knowledge of the Company,
none of the Company SEC Filing is the subject of ongoing SEC review or outstanding
SEC comments.
4.6.2 Financial Statements. Each of the consolidated financial statements
(including, in each case, any notes thereto) contained in the Company SEC Filings
(collectively, the "Company Financial Statements") was prepared in accordance with GAAP applied (except as may be indicated in the notes thereto and, in the case of
unaudited quarterly financial statements, as permitted by Form 10-Q under the Exchange
Act) on a consistent basis during the periods indicated (except as may be indicated
in the notes thereto), and each presented fairly, in all material respects, the
consolidated financial position of the Company as of the respective dates thereof
and the consolidated income, shareholders equity, results of operations and changes
to consolidated financial position or cash flows of the Company for the respective
periods indicated therein (subject, in the case of unaudited statements, to normal
adjustments which, individually or in the aggregate, are not reasonably expected
to have a Company Material Adverse Effect). All of the Company Subsidiaries are
consolidated with the Company for accounting purposes.
4.6.3 Availability of Cash. Other than temporary restrictions on repatriation
imposed by applicable Law or obligations in connection with Indebtedness, to the
Knowledge of the Company, there is no restriction that would materially impair the
Company's ability to use its cash for payment of the Merger Consideration at the
time of Closing.
4.6.4 No Undisclosed Liabilities. None of the Company or any consolidated
Company Subsidiary has any liabilities or obligations of any nature, whether accrued,
absolute, contingent or otherwise, whether due or to become due and whether or not
required to be recorded or reflected on a balance sheet or in the notes thereto
prepared in accordance with GAAP, except for liabilities or obligations (i) which,
individually or in the aggregate, are not reasonably expected to have a Company
Material Adverse Effect, (ii) that were incurred under this Agreement or in connection
with the transactions contemplated hereby and consistent with Section 6.1 or (iii)
that were disclosed or reserved against in the Company Financial Statements.
4.6.5 Internal Controls. Since January 1, 2004, the Company's principal
executive officer and its principal financial officer have disclosed to the Company's
auditors and the audit committee of the Company Board (i) all significant deficiencies
and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal controls over financial
reporting that are reasonably likely to adversely affect the Company's ability to
record, process, summarize and report financial information and (ii) any fraud, whether
or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant
role in the Company's internal controls and the Company has provided to Parent copies
of any material written materials relating to the foregoing. The Company has established
and maintains disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rule
13a-15 under the Exchange Act); such disclosure controls and procedures are designed
to ensure that material information relating to the Company required to be included
in reports filed under the Exchange Act, including its consolidated Subsidiaries,
is made known to the Company's principal executive officer and its principal financial
officer by others within those entities, particularly during the periods in which
the periodic reports required under the Exchange Act are being prepared, and, to
the knowledge of the Company, such disclosure controls and procedures are effective
in timely alerting the Company's principal executive officer and its principal financial
officer to material information required to be included in the Company's periodic
reports required under the Exchange Act. Since the enactment of the Sarbanes-Oxley
Act, neither the Company nor any Company Subsidiary has made any prohibited loans
to any executive officer of the Company (as defined in Rule 3b-7 under the Exchange
Act) or director of the Company or any Company Subsidiary.
4.6.6 Since December 31, 2003, (i) neither the Company nor the Company
Subsidiaries nor, to the Knowledge of the Company, any director, officer, employee,
auditor, accountant or representative of the Company or any of the Company Subsidiaries
has received any material complaint, allegation, assertion or claim regarding the
accounting or auditing practices, procedures, methodologies or methods of the Company
or any of the Company Subsidiaries or their respective internal accounting controls
and (ii) no attorney representing the Company or any of the Company Subsidiaries,
whether or not employed by the Company or any of the Company Subsidiaries, has reported
to the Company Board or any committee thereof evidence of a material violation of
securities Laws, breach of fiduciary duty or similar violation by the Company or
any of its officers, directors, employees or agents.
4.7 Affiliate Transactions. To the Knowledge of the Company, there are
no transactions, or series of related transactions, agreements, arrangements or
understandings, nor are there any currently proposed transactions, or series of
related transactions, that are required to be disclosed under Item 404 of Regulation
S-K promulgated under the Securities Act that have not been otherwise disclosed
in the Company SEC Filings.
4.8 Absence of Certain Changes or Events. Except in connection with the
transactions contemplated hereby, since December 31, 2005 and prior to the date
hereof, the Company and the Company Subsidiaries have conducted their respective
businesses only in the ordinary course consistent with past practice. Since December
31, 2005, there has not been any (i) Company Material Adverse Effect, and there
has not been any change, condition, event or development that would be reasonably
likely to have, individually or in the aggregate, a Company Material Adverse Effect,
(ii) any change in accounting methods, principles or practices affecting the Company
or any Company Subsidiary, except as required or permitted by GAAP, (iii) material
change to any material Tax election of the Company or any Company Subsidiary effective
after December 31, 2005, or settlement of any Tax liability of the Company or any
Company Subsidiary that resulted in a payment in excess of $5,000,000, (iv) material
damage, destruction or other casualty loss with respect to any material asset or property owned by the Company or any Company Subsidiary, which is not
covered by insurance and that has resulted in damages or losses in excess of $1,000,000
in the aggregate, (v) issuance, reclassification, combination, split, reverse split,
subdivision or redemption, purchase or other acquisition, directly or indirectly,
of any of the Company's capital stock or other Equity Interests, except pursuant
to the exercise of Company Options, Company Stock-Based Awards, warrants, conversion
rights, employee severance, retention, termination, change of control and other
contractual rights, (vi) declaration, set aside, creation or payment of any dividend
or other distribution (whether payable in cash, stock, property or a combination
thereof) with respect to any of the Company's capital stock (other than ordinary
course dividends consistent with the Company's past practice and other than dividends
paid by a wholly-owned Company Subsidiary to the Company or to any other wholly-owned
Company Subsidiary), (vii) acquisition of (including, without limitation, by merger,
consolidation, or acquisition of stock or assets) or investment in, any interest
in any Person or any division thereof or any assets thereof, outside of the ordinary
course of business consistent with past practice, (viii) adoption or amendment of
any material Company Benefit Plan or Company Stock-Based Award, (ix) amendment to
or change of the Company Certificate, the Company By-laws or equivalent organizational
document of any material Company Subsidiary, (x) incurrence of Indebtedness or issuance
of any debt security or Guarantee, in each case, outside the ordinary course of
business consistent with past practice, (xi) payment, discharge, settlement or satisfaction
of any material claims, liabilities or obligations (absolute, accrued, contingent
or otherwise) outside the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice
or (xii) adoption or entrance into a plan of complete or partial liquidation, dissolution,
merger, consolidation, restructuring, recapitalization or other reorganization of
the Company or any Company Subsidiary.
4.9 Benefit Plans; Employees and Employment Practices.
4.9.1 Section 4.9.1 of the Company Disclosure Schedule contains a true,
correct and complete list of each material Company Benefit Plan maintained or contributed
to by the Company or any Company Subsidiary, or to which the Company or any Company
Subsidiary is obligated to contribute, other than any Company Benefit Plan that
is maintained on behalf of employees outside of the United States (such employees,
"Foreign Employees"). The Company has made available to Parent or its agents or
representatives copies of (i) each material Company Benefit Plan, (ii) the most
recent annual report (Form 5500), if any, filed with the U.S. Department of Labor
with respect to each such Company Benefit Plan, including all schedules thereto
(iii) the most recent summary plan description for each such Company Benefit Plan
for which a summary plan description is required and (iv) the most recent determination
letter issued by the U.S. Internal Revenue Service ("IRS") with respect to any such
Company Benefit Plan that is intended to be qualified under Section 401(a) of the
Code.
4.9.2 Except for such exceptions that, individually or in the aggregate,
would not reasonably expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect, each Company
Benefit Plan is operated in compliance with its terms and any applicable Laws, including
without limitation the provisions of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act
of 1974, as amended ("ERISA") and/or the Code, and there are no material actions,
suits or claims pending (other than routine claims for benefits) or, to the Knowledge
of the Company or any Company Subsidiary, threatened or anticipated with respect
to any Company Benefit Plan or against the assets of such Company Benefit Plan. No Company Benefit Plan
is under audit or is the subject of an investigation by the Internal Revenue Service,
the U.S. Department of Labor, the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation, the SEC
or any other Governmental Entity, nor, to the Knowledge of the Company or any Company
Subsidiary, is any such audit or investigation pending or threatened.
4.9.3 Each Company Benefit Plan that is intended to be qualified under
Section 401(a) of the Code has received a determination letter from the IRS that
it is so qualified, and, to the Company's Knowledge, no fact or event has occurred
since the date of such determination letter that has or could materially adversely
affect the qualified status of any such Company Benefit Plan.
4.9.4 Neither the Company nor any trade or business that, together with
the Company, would be deemed a single employer within the meaning of Section 4001
of ERISA (an "ERISA Affiliate") maintains or contributes to, is obligated to maintain
or contribute to, or has maintained or contributed to, any Multiemployer Plan, Multiple
Employer Plan or any "defined benefit plan" (as defined in Section 3(35) of ERISA)
subject to Section 302 of ERISA, Section 412 of the Code or Title IV of ERISA. No
notice of a "reportable event," within the meaning of Section 4043 of ERISA for
which the 30-day reporting requirement has not been waived, has been required to
be filed for any Company Benefit Plan within the past 36 months, nor will any such
notice be required to be filed as a result of the transactions contemplated by this
Agreement. No Company Benefit Plan has an "accumulated funding deficiency" (whether
or not waived) within the meaning of Section 412 of the Code or Section 302 of ERISA.
4.9.5 No material deduction for federal income Tax purposes has been
or is expected by the Company or any Company Subsidiary to be disallowed for remuneration
paid by the Company or any Company Subsidiary by reason of Section 162(m) of the
Code, including by reason of the transactions contemplated hereby.
4.9.6 Except as set forth in Section 4.9.6 of the Company Disclosure
Schedule, neither the execution or delivery of this Agreement nor the consummation
of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement will, either alone or in conjunction
with any other event (whether contingent or otherwise), (i) result in any payment
or benefit becoming due or payable, or required to be provided, to any director,
officer, employee or independent contractor of the Company or any Company Subsidiary,
(ii) increase the amount or value of any benefit or compensation otherwise payable
or required to be provided to any such director, officer, employee or independent
contractor, (iii) result in the acceleration of the time of payment, vesting or
funding of any such benefit or compensation or (iv) result in any amount to fail
to be deductible by reason of Section 280G of the Code.
4.9.7 Each material Company Benefit Plan that is a "nonqualified deferred
compensation plan" within the meaning of Section 409A(d)(1) of the Code (a "Nonqualified
Deferred Compensation Plan") subject to Section 409A of the Code has been operated
in compliance with Section 409A of the Code since January 1, 2005, based upon a
good faith, reasonable interpretation of (A) Section 409A of the Code and (B)(1)
the proposed regulations issued thereunder or (2) Internal Revenue Service Notice
2005-1 (clauses (A) and (B), together, the "409A Authorities"). No material Company Benefit Plan that would be a Nonqualified
Deferred Compensation Plan subject to Section 409A of the Code but for the effective
date provisions that are applicable to Section 409A of the Code, as set forth in
Section 885(d) of the American Jobs Creation Act of 2004, as amended (the "AJCA"),
has been "materially modified" within the meaning of Section 885(d)(2)(B) of the
AJCA after October 3, 2004, based upon a good faith reasonable interpretation of
the AJCA and the 409A Authorities.
4.9.8 Neither the Company nor Company Subsidiary is a party to any collective
bargaining or other labor contracts and no collective bargaining agreement or other
labor contract is being negotiated by the Company or any Company Subsidiary. There
is no pending, nor, to the Knowledge of the Company or any Company Subsidiary, threatened,
labor dispute, strike, lockout or work stoppage against the Company or any Company
Subsidiary which may interfere with the respective business activities of the Company
or the Company Subsidiaries, except where such dispute, strike or work stoppage,
individually or in the aggregate, is not reasonably expected to have a Company Material
Adverse Effect. There is no pending charge or complaint against the Company or any
Company Subsidiary by the National Labor Relations Board or any comparable Governmental
Entity, except where such unfair labor practice, charge or complaint, individually
or in the aggregate, is not reasonably expected to have a Company Material Adverse
Effect.
4.9.9 None of the Company nor any Company Subsidiary has, within the
last three years, effectuated (i) a "plant closing" (as defined in the Worker Adjustment
and Retraining Notification Act (the "WARN Act") or any similar Law) affecting any
site of employment or one or more facilities or operating units within any site
of employment or facility of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or (ii) a "mass
layoff" (as defined in the WARN Act, or any similar Law) affecting any site of employment
or facility of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries. None of the Company nor any
Company Subsidiary has laid off any employees in the ninety (90) calendar days prior
to the date hereof.
4.10 Contracts; Indebtedness
4.10.1 Except as disclosed in Section 4.9, Section 4.10.1 or Section
4.16.1 of the Company Disclosure Schedule, none of the Company or any Company Subsidiary
is a party to or bound by any Contract which (i) is a "material contract" (as such
term is defined in Item 601(b)(10) of Regulation S-K promulgated by the SEC), (ii)
would prohibit or materially delay the consummation of the Merger, (iii) contains
covenants limiting the ability of the Company or any Company Subsidiary to engage
in any line of business or to compete with any Person or operate at any location,
(iv) involves a joint venture, partnership, or similar agreement or arrangement
relating to the formation, creation, operation, management or control of any partnership
or joint venture that is material to the business of the Company and the Company
Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, (v) with respect to any acquisition that is pending
or pursuant to which the Company or any Company Subsidiary has continuing indemnification,
"earn-out" or other contingent payment obligations, in each case that could result
in payments in excess of $5,000,000, or (vi) provides for any material standstill
arrangements that restrict the Company or the Company Subsidiaries from acquiring Equity Interests of any third Person.
Each Contract of the type described in this Sections 4.10.1 or 4.10.2, whether or
not set forth in Sections 4.10.1 or 4.10.2 of the Company Disclosure Schedule (including
Contracts which would be required to be set forth in Sections 4.10.1 or 4.10.2 of
the Company Disclosure Schedule if such Contracts were not filed as exhibits to,
or otherwise included in, the Company SEC Filings), is referred to herein as a "Company
Material Contract." Except for matters that, individually or in the aggregate, are
not reasonably expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect, (i) each Company
Material Contract is a legal, valid and binding obligation of the Company or a Company
Subsidiary, as applicable, in full force and effect and enforceable against the
Company or a Company Subsidiary in accordance with its terms, subject to the Bankruptcy
and Equity Exception, (ii) to the Company's Knowledge, each Company Material Contract
is a legal, valid and binding obligation of the counterparty thereto, in full force
and effect and enforceable against such counterparty in accordance with its terms,
(iii) neither the Company nor any Company Subsidiary and, to the Company's Knowledge,
no counterparty, is in breach or violation of, or default under, any Company Material
Contract, (iv) none of the Company or any Company Subsidiary has received any claim
of default under any Company Material Contract, (v) to the Company's Knowledge,
no event has occurred which would result in a breach or violation of, or a default
under, any Company Material Contract (in each case, with or without notice or lapse
of time or both) and (vi) the Company has not received any notice from any other
party to any Company Material Contract, and otherwise has no Knowledge that such
Third Party intends to terminate, or not renew any Company Material Contract, or
is seeking the renegotiation thereof in any material respect or substitute performance
thereunder in any material respect. As of the date hereof, true and correct copies
of all Company Material Contracts are either publicly filed with the SEC or the
Company has made available to Parent copies of such contracts, in each case, subject
to redactions due to confidentiality requirements thereunder and requests by the
counterparties to such Company Material Contracts for confidential treatment.
4.10.2 Section 4.10.2 of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth (i)
a list of any agreement, instrument or other obligation pursuant to which any Indebtedness
of the Company or any Company Subsidiary in excess of $5,000,000 is outstanding
or may be incurred, (ii) the respective principal amounts outstanding thereunder
as of the date of this Agreement, and (iii) a list of any agreements that relate
to Guarantees by the Company or any Company Subsidiary of Indebtedness of any other
Person in excess of $5,000,000.
4.11 Litigation. Except for matters that, individually or in the aggregate,
are not reasonably expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect, (i) there
is no suit, claim, action, proceeding, arbitration, mediation or investigation pending
or, to the Knowledge of the Company, threatened against the Company or any Company
Subsidiary and (ii) none of the Company or any of the Company Subsidiaries is subject
to any outstanding Order. To the Knowledge of the Company, no officer or director
of the Company or the Company Subsidiaries is a defendant in any claim, action,
suit, proceeding, arbitration, mediation or governmental investigation in connection
with his or her status as an officer or director of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
4.12 Environmental Matters. Except for matters that, individually or
in the aggregate, are not reasonably expected to have a Company Material Adverse
Effect: (i) the Company and each Company Subsidiary is, and the Company and, to
the Knowledge of the Company, each Company Subsidiary, for the past five years has
been in compliance with all applicable Environmental Laws, (ii) the Company and
each Company Subsidiary possess all Company Permits that are required under Environmental
Laws to conduct the business of the Company and each Company Subsidiary as it is
currently conducted, (iii) there has been no Release of any Hazardous Material into
the Environment by the Company or any Company Subsidiary or in connection with their
current or former properties or operations, (iv) there are no circumstances or conditions
present at the current or former properties or operations of the Company or any
Company Subsidiary or at any other location that are expected to give rise to liabilities
to the Company or any Subsidiary under any Environmental Law; (v) there has been
no exposure of any person to any Hazardous Material, pollutant or contaminant in
connection with the current or former properties, operations and activities of the
Company and or any Company Subsidiary, (v) none of the Company or any Company Subsidiary
is subject to any orders, decrees or injunctions imposing obligations under any
Environmental Law or is subject to any indemnity agreement or other contractual
agreement imposing liability for obligations of, or costs incurred by, any third
party pursuant to any Environmental Law; and (vi) none of the Company or any Company
Subsidiary has received any written claim or notice from any Governmental Entity
alleging that the Company or any Company Subsidiary is in violation of, or is potentially
liable under, any Environmental Law.
4.13 Intellectual Property. Section 4.13 of the Company Disclosure Schedule
sets forth a list of all (a) issued patents and pending patent applications, (b)
trademark and service mark registrations and applications for registration thereof,
(c) copyright registrations and applications for registration thereof, and (d) internet
domain name registrations, in each case that are owned by the Company or a Company
Subsidiary, including for each item listed in (a) through (c), as applicable, the
owner, the jurisdiction, the serial/application number, the patent or registration
number, the filing date, and the issuance or registration date, and for each item
listed in (d), the registrant, the registrar, and the expiration date. Except as
set forth in Section 4.13 of the Company Disclosure Schedule, the foregoing registrations
and applications that are material to and currently used in the businesses of the
Company and the Company Subsidiaries are, in the case of registrations, in effect
and subsisting, and in the case of applications, pending, and the Company and the
Company Subsidiaries have not received written notice of any action that challenges
the validity or registration of any such registration or application. Except for
matters that, individually or in the aggregate, are not reasonably expected to have
a Company Material Adverse Effect, (i) the Company and the Company Subsidiaries
own or possess valid rights to use all Intellectual Property necessary to conduct
the business of the Company and the Company Subsidiaries as it is currently conducted,
(ii) during the past two years, none of the Company or any Company Subsidiary has
received written notice of any claim that it is infringing or misappropriating any
Intellectual Property right of any Third Party in connection with the operation
of their business and (iii) to the Company's Knowledge, no Third Party is currently
infringing or misappropriating any material Intellectual Property owned by the Company
or any Company Subsidiary. The Company and the Company Subsidiaries are using commercially
reasonable efforts to maintain and protect each material item of Intellectual Property
that they own. The Company and the Company Subsidiaries' use and dissemination of
data and information concerning users of their web sites (i) are in material compliance with their applicable privacy policies and terms of use and (ii) employ
commercially reasonable efforts consistent with standard industry practice to protect
personally identifiable information provided by their customers and website users
from unauthorized disclosure or use. Except as would not have a Company Material
Adverse Effect, the Company and the Company Subsidiaries (i) use commercially reasonable
efforts, consistent with their internal policies and procedures, to maintain the
security of their material information technology systems, websites, databases and
networks and the material information transmitted thereby or stored therein and
there is no action, suit, claim or proceeding pending against them regarding the
foregoing and (ii) have received no complaints in writing during the two years prior
to the date of this Agreement relating thereto. Except as would not have a Company
Material Adverse Effect, employees who materially contributed to the creation or
invention of material Intellectual Property in which the Company or any Company
Subsidiary assert ownership have assigned to the Company or to the relevant Company
Subsidiary all of their rights therein that did not initially vest in the Company
or such Company Subsidiary by operation of law.
4.14 Taxes. Except for matters that, individually or in the aggregate,
are not reasonably expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect:
4.14.1 All Tax Returns required to be filed by or with respect to the
Company or any Company Subsidiary for all taxable periods ending on or before the
date hereof have been timely filed (taking into account any extension of time within
which to file). All such Tax Returns are true, correct, and complete in all respects.
4.14.2 All Taxes of the Company and each Company Subsidiary due and payable
have been timely paid, other than any amount which is being contested in good faith
by appropriate proceedings. As of December 31, 2005, the accruals and reserves for
Taxes (without regard to deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities) of the
Company and each Company Subsidiary established in the Company SEC Filings were
complete and adequate to cover any material liabilities for Taxes that are not yet
due and payable or are being contested.
4.14.3 As of the date of this Agreement, no deficiencies for Taxes have
been proposed or assessed in writing against the Company or any Company Subsidiary
by any taxing authority, and neither the Company nor any Company Subsidiary has
received any written notice of any claim, proposal or assessment against the Company
or any Company Subsidiary for any such deficiency for Taxes. To the Knowledge of
the Company, as of the date of this Agreement, none of the Tax Returns of the Company
or any Company Subsidiary is currently being examined by the IRS or relevant state,
local or foreign taxing authorities.
4.14.4 The Company and each Company Subsidiary has duly and timely withheld,
collected, paid and reported to the proper Governmental Entity all Taxes required
to have been withheld, collected, paid or reported. The Company and the Company
Subsidiaries have complied with all information reporting and backup withholding
obligations with respect to all such payments, and the Company and the Company Subsidiaries
have collected all Tax forms that are required to be collected under all applicable
foreign, federal, state and local Tax laws.
4.14.5 There are no liens or other security interests upon any property
or assets of the Company or any Company Subsidiary for Taxes, except for liens for
Taxes not yet due and payable or the amount or validity of which is being contested
in good faith by appropriate proceedings.
4.14.6 Neither the Company nor any Company Subsidiary has constituted
either a "distributing corporation" or a "controlled corporation" in a distribution
of stock qualifying for tax-free treatment under Section 355 of the Code in the
past two (2) years.
4.14.7 The Company and the Company Subsidiaries have complied in all
respects with (i) the Agreement on Spinoff Taxes, dated as of March 15, 2000, entered
into by and between AMR Corporation and the Company, including all amendments thereto
(the "Spinoff Agreement") and (ii) the representation letter delivered by the Company
to AMR Corporation in respect of the Spinoff Agreement.
4.14.8 There are no circumstances in existence under which the Company
or any Company Subsidiary is required to make a payment in respect of Taxes under
the Spinoff Agreement or the R&E Credit Carryover Tax Sharing Agreement, including
any amendments thereto.
4.14.9 Neither the Company nor any of the Company Subsidiaries (i) has
any liability for the Taxes of any Person (other than the Company and the Company
Subsidiaries) under Treasury Regulation Section 1.1502-6 (or any similar provision
of state, local, or foreign law), as a transferee or successor, pursuant to any
contractual obligation (other than pursuant to customary commercial contracts not
primarily related to Taxes) or otherwise for any Taxes of any other Person, or (ii)
is a party to or bound by any Tax indemnity, Tax sharing, Tax allocation or similar
agreement.
Section 4.14.10 Neither the Company nor the Company Subsidiaries has participated
in a listed transaction as defined in Treasury Regulations Section 1.6011-4(b)(2).
4.15 Insurance. Section 4.15 of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets
forth a true, correct and complete list of all material insurance policies (including
information on the premiums payable in connection therewith and the scope and amount
of the coverage and deductibles provided thereunder) maintained by the Company or
any Company Subsidiary which policies have been issued by insurers, which are reputable
and financially sound and provide valid and effective coverage for the operations
conducted by the Company and the Company Subsidiaries of a scope and coverage consistent
with customary industry practice.
4.16 Real Estate. Section 4.16(a) of the Company Disclosure Schedule
identifies all real property owned by the Company or the Company Subsidiaries (the
"Company Owned Properties"), and Section 4.16(b) of the Company Disclosure Schedule
identifies all material real property leased by the Company or the Company Subsidiaries
as lessee or sublessee (the "Company Leased Premises", and together with the Company
Owned Properties, the "Company Properties"). The Company Leased Premises are leased
to the Company or a Company Subsidiary pursuant to written leases, true, correct
and complete copies, including all amendments thereto, of which have been made available
to Parent. Except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be
expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect, the Company or a Company Subsidiary owns
fee simple title to each of the Company Owned Properties or has a valid leasehold
interest in each of the Company Leased Properties free and clear of any rights of
way, easements, encumbrances, written agreements or reservations of an interest
in title (collectively, "Property Restrictions"), and other Liens, except for the
following (collectively, the "Permitted Liens"): (i) Property Restrictions imposed
or promulgated by Laws with respect to real property and improvements, including
zoning regulations, (ii) Liens and Property Restrictions disclosed on existing title
reports or existing surveys (in either case copies of which title reports and surveys
have been delivered or made available to Parent), (iii) mechanics', carriers', workmen's,
repairmen's and similar Liens, incurred in the ordinary course of business and which
(a) are not yet due and payable, (b) are duly budgeted to be paid and (c) do not
materially detract from the value of or materially interfere with the present use
of any of the Company Properties subject thereto or affected thereby, (iv) Liens
for Taxes that are not yet due and payable, and (v) any current Liens for Indebtedness
related to the Company Properties set forth on Section 4.16 of the Company Disclosure
Schedule. Except for matters that, individually or in the aggregate, are not reasonably
expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect, the Company Properties and the
business conducted thereon comply in all material respects with the terms of the
applicable leases and applicable Laws. To the Company's Knowledge, the leases in
respect of the Company Leased Premises are in full force and effect and neither
the Company nor any Company Subsidiary is in default thereunder and to the Company's
Knowledge, there is no material default by any of the landlords thereunder. None
of the Leases in respect of the Company Leased Premises requires the consent of
the landlord thereunder to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, except
as would not have a Company Material Adverse Effect.
4.17 Board Approval. On or prior to the date of this Agreement, the Company
Board has (i) received from each of Goldman, Sachs & Co., Morgan Stanley & Co.,
Incorporated and Bear, Stearns & Co. Inc. (together, the "Company Financial Advisors"),
its opinion, subject to the limitations, qualifications and assumptions set forth
therein, that the Merger Consideration to be received by the holders of Company
Common Stock is fair from a financial point of view to the holders of Company Common
Stock, (ii) determined that this Agreement and the transactions provided for herein,
including the Merger, are fair to and in the best interest of the Company and the
holders of Company Common Stock, and (iii) adopted resolutions (a) approving this
Agreement, (b) declaring this Agreement and the Merger advisable and (c) recommending
to the holders of Company Common Stock that they vote in favor of adopting this
Agreement in accordance with the terms hereof (the "Company Recommendation").
4.18 Brokers. Other than the Company Financial Advisors, no broker, finder,
financial advisor, investment banker or other Person is entitled to any brokerage,
finder's, financial advisor's or other similar fee or commission in connection with
the Merger based upon arrangements made by or on behalf of the Company or any Company
Subsidiary.
ARTICLE 5.
Representations and Warranties of Parent and Merger Sub
Subject to such exceptions as are disclosed in the disclosure schedule (the "Parent
Disclosure Schedule") delivered by Parent to the Company concurrently with the execution
and delivery of this Agreement (it being understood that (a) the disclosure of any
fact or item in any section of the Parent Disclosure Schedule shall apply to the
indicated Section of this Agreement and any other Section of this Agreement to the
extent that it is reasonably apparent that such disclosure is relevant to such other
Section of this Agreement, and (b) disclosure of any matter or item in the Parent
Disclosure Schedule shall not be deemed to constitute an acknowledgement that such
matter or item is required to be disclosed therein or is material to a representation
or warranty set forth in this Agreement and shall not be used as a basis for interpreting
the terms "material," "materially" or "materiality" or any word or phrase of similar
import), Parent and Merger Sub jointly and severally represent and warrant to the
Company as follows:
5.1 Organization and Qualification. Each of Parent and Merger Sub is
a corporation, duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the Laws
of the State of Delaware. Each of Parent and Merger Sub has the requisite power
and authority and all necessary governmental approvals to own, lease and operate
its properties and to carry on its business as it is now being conducted. Each of
Parent and Merger Sub is duly qualified or licensed to do business, and is in good
standing, in each jurisdiction where the character of the properties owned, leased
or operated by it or the nature of its business makes such qualification, licensing
or good standing necessary. Parent has heretofore made available to the Company
complete and correct copies of the certificate of incorporation and by-laws of Parent
and Merger Sub, together with all amendments thereto, as currently in effect.
5.2 Authority. Each of Parent and Merger Sub has all necessary corporate
power and authority to execute and deliver this Agreement, to perform its obligations
hereunder and to consummate the transactions provided for herein. The execution
and delivery of this Agreement, by each of Parent and Merger Sub, and the consummation
by Parent and Merger Sub of the transactions provided for herein have been duly
and validly authorized by all necessary corporate action on the part of Parent and
Merger Sub, and no other corporate proceedings on the part of Parent or Merger Sub
and no vote of Parent's stockholders are necessary to authorize this Agreement or
to consummate the transactions provided for herein. This Agreement has been duly
authorized and validly executed and delivered by Parent and Merger Sub and, assuming
this Agreement is a valid and binding obligation of the Company and the other Parties,
this Agreement constitutes a legal, valid and binding obligation of Parent and Merger
Sub, enforceable against each of them in accordance with its terms, subject to the
Bankruptcy and Equity Exception.
5.3 No Conflict; Required Filings and Consents.
5.3.1 The execution, delivery and performance by Parent and Merger Sub
of this Agreement do not (i) conflict with or violate any provision of the certificate
of incorporation or by-laws of Parent or Merger Sub, (ii) assuming that all consents,
approvals and authorizations described in Section 4.4.2 will have been obtained
prior to the Effective Time and all filings and notifications described in Section
4.4.2 will have been made and any waiting periods thereunder will have terminated
or expired prior to the Effective Time, conflict with or violate any Law applicable
to any member of the Parent Group or by which any property or asset of any member
of the Parent Group is bound or affected or (iii) result in any breach of, any loss
of any benefit under, constitute a default (or an event which with notice or lapse
of time or both would become a default) under, or give to others any right of termination,
amendment, acceleration or cancellation of, or result in the creation of a Lien
on any property or asset of Parent or Merger Sub pursuant to any Contract.
5.3.2 The execution, delivery and performance by Parent and Merger Sub
of this Agreement do not require any consent, approval, authorization or permit
of, or filing with or notification to, any Governmental Entity or other Person,
except (i) under the Exchange Act, any applicable Blue Sky Laws, the rules and regulations
of the NYSE, the HSR Act, ECMR or any other antitrust, competition, trade or other
regulatory Laws, (ii) the filing and recordation of the Certificate of Merger as
required by the DGCL, and (iii) as would not prevent or materially delay the consummation
of the transactions contemplated hereby.
5.4 Litigation. There is no material suit, claim, action, proceeding
or investigation pending or, to the Knowledge of Parent, threatened against Parent
or Merger Sub and neither Parent nor Merger Sub is subject to any outstanding Order.
There is no suit, claim, action, proceeding, arbitration or investigation pending
or to the Knowledge of Parent, threatened against Parent or Merger Sub which seeks
to, or would reasonably be expected to, restrain, enjoin or delay the consummation
of the Merger or any of the other transactions provided for herein or which seeks
damages in connection therewith and no injunction has been entered or issued with
respect to the transactions provided for herein.
5.5 Ownership of Merger Sub; No Prior Activities. Parent owns 100% of
the issued and outstanding capital stock of Merger Sub. Each of Parent and Merger
Sub was formed solely for the purpose of engaging in the transactions contemplated
by this Agreement. Except for obligations or liabilities incurred in connection
with its formation and the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, Merger Sub
has not and will not have incurred, directly or indirectly, through any Subsidiary
or Affiliate, any obligations or liabilities or engaged in any business activities
of any type or kind whatsoever or entered into any agreements or arrangements with
any Person.
5.6 Financing. Parent has delivered to the Company true, complete and
correct signed counterpart(s) of (i) the Equity Commitment Letter, (ii) the Limited
Guarantee and (iii) the debt commitment letter(s), and any related fee letter(s)
or any provisions relating to "market flex" in such fee letter(s), dated as of the
date hereof, by and among Sovereign Holdings, Inc., Deutsche Bank AG New York Branch;
Deutsche Bank AG Cayman Islands Branch; Deutsche Bank Securities, Inc.; Merrill
Lynch Capital Corporation and Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated,
pursuant to which the lenders party thereto have agreed, subject to the terms and
conditions set forth therein, to provide or cause to be provided, the debt financing
set forth therein in connection with the transactions provided for herein to Parent
(as the same may be amended pursuant to Section 6.14 the "Debt Commitment Letters"
and, together with the Equity Commitment Letter and the Limited Guarantee, the "Commitments").
As of the date hereof, except as permitted by Section 6.14, none of the Commitments
has been amended and such Commitments are (solely to the Knowledge of Parent and
Merger Sub, in the case of the Debt Commitment Letters) in full force and effect.
The Commitments are subject to no contingencies or conditions other than those set
forth in the copies thereof delivered to the Company. No event has occurred (solely
to the Knowledge of Parent and Merger Sub in the case of the Debt Commitment Letters)
which, with or without notice, lapse of time or both, would constitute a default
or breach on the part of Parent or Merger Sub under any term or condition of the
Commitments. As of the date hereof, Parent has no reason to believe that it will be unable to satisfy on a timely basis
any term or condition of Closing that is required to be satisfied by it as a condition
of the Commitments or that the financing contemplated by the Commitments will not
be made available to Parent on the Closing Date. Parent has fully paid any and all
commitment fees and other fees required by the Commitments to be paid as of the
date hereof. Subject to the terms and conditions of the Commitments and this Agreement,
the Commitments together with cash on hand of the Company on the Closing Date would
provide Parent with financing at the Effective Time sufficient to (i) consummate
the Merger upon the terms contemplated by this Agreement, (ii) effect any other
repayment or refinancing of debt contemplated in connection with the Merger or the
Commitments and (iii) pay all related fees and expenses.
5.7 Vote Required. No vote of the holders of any class or series of capital
stock or other Equity Interests of Parent or Merger Sub is necessary to approve
the Merger.
5.8 Brokers. No broker, finder, financial advisor, investment banker
or other Person (other than Deutsche Bank Securities, Inc. and Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated), the fees and expenses of which will be paid by Parent)
is entitled to any brokerage, finder's, financial advisor's or other similar fee
or commission in connection with the Merger based upon arrangements made by or on
behalf of Parent or Merger Sub.
5.9 Ownership of Company Common Stock. Neither Parent nor Merger Sub
is, nor at any time during the last three (3) years has been, an "interested stockholder"
of the Company as defined in Section 203 of the DGCL.
5.10 Solvency of the Surviving Corporation. As of the Effective Time,
assuming satisfaction of the conditions to Parent's obligation to consummate the
Merger, or waiver of such conditions, and after giving effect to all of the transactions
contemplated by this Agreement, and actions taken in connection with the financing
of these transactions, the Surviving Corporation shall be Solvent. For purposes
of this Agreement, the Surviving Corporation shall be deemed "Solvent" so long as,
as of the Effective Time: (i) each of the Surviving Corporation and its Subsidiaries
will not have incurred debts beyond its ability to pay such debts as they mature
or become due, (ii) the then present fair salable value of the assets of each of
the Surviving Corporation and its Subsidiaries will exceed the amount that will
be required to pay their liabilities (including the amount necessary to provide
for contingent liabilities) and their respective debts as they become absolute and
mature, (iii) the assets of each of the Surviving Corporation and its Subsidiaries,
in each case at a fair valuation, will exceed their respective debts (including
the amount necessary to provide for contingent liabilities) and (iv) each of the
Surviving Corporation and its Subsidiaries will not have unreasonably small capital
to carry on their respective business, either (a) as presently conducted or (b)
as intended by Parent to be conducted. No transfer of property is being made and
no obligation is being incurred in connection with the transactions contemplated
by this Agreement with the intent to hinder, delay or defraud any present or future
creditors of the Surviving Corporation and its Subsidiaries.
ARTICLE 6.
Covenants
6.1 Conduct of Business by the Company Pending the Closing. The Company
agrees that, between the date of this Agreement and the Effective Time, except as
set forth in Section 6.1 of the Company Disclosure Schedule, as required by this
Agreement, as required by applicable Law or as consented to in writing by Parent
(such consent not to be unreasonably withheld or delayed), the Company will, and
will cause each Company Subsidiary to, (i) conduct its business in the ordinary
course consistent with past practice and (ii) endeavor to keep available the services
of the current officers, key employees and consultants of the Company and each Company
Subsidiary and to preserve the current relationships of the Company and each Company
Subsidiary with each of the customers, suppliers and other Persons with whom the
Company or any Company Subsidiary has significant business relations as is reasonably
necessary to preserve substantially intact its business organization. Without limiting
the foregoing, and as an extension thereof, except as set forth in Section 6.1 of
the Company Disclosure Schedule, as otherwise permitted or contemplated by this
Agreement, as required by applicable Law or as consented to in writing by Parent
(such consent not to be unreasonably withheld or delayed), the Company shall not,
and shall not permit any Company Subsidiary to, between the date of this Agreement
and the Effective Time, directly or indirectly, do, or agree to do, any of the following:
(a) amend or otherwise change the Company Certificate, the Company By-laws or
equivalent organizational documents;
(b) issue, deliver, sell, pledge or encumber, or authorize, propose or agree
to the issuance, delivery, sale, pledge or encumbrance of, any shares of the capital
stock of the Company or any Equity Interest in any Company Subsidiary or securities
convertible into or exchangeable for, or options, warrants, calls, commitments or
rights of any kind to acquire, any shares of the capital stock of the Company or
any Equity Interest in any Company Subsidiary (other than pursuant to the exercise
of Company Options, Company Stock-Based Awards, warrants, conversion rights and
other contractual rights existing on the date hereof);
(c) declare, set aside, make or pay any dividend or other distribution (whether
payable in cash, stock, property or a combination thereof) with respect to any of
its capital stock (other than dividends paid by a wholly-owned Company Subsidiary
to the Company or to any other wholly-owned Company Subsidiary), other than ordinary
course dividends in amounts and at times consistent with the Company's past practice,
not to exceed $0.18 per share per full fiscal quarter, or enter into any agreement
with respect to the voting of its capital stock;
(d) reclassify, combine, split, subdivide or redeem, purchase or otherwise acquire,
directly or indirectly, any of its capital stock or other Equity Interests, except
pursuant to the exercise of Company Options, Company Stock-Based Awards, warrants,
conversion rights, employee severance, retention, termination, change of control
and other contractual rights existing on the date hereof;
(e) acquire (including, without limitation, by merger, consolidation, or acquisition
of stock or assets) or make any investment in any interest in any Person or any
division thereof or any assets thereof, except any such acquisitions or investments
that are for consideration not in excess of $5,000,000 in the aggregate;
(f) incur any Indebtedness or issue any debt securities or assume, guarantee
or endorse, or otherwise as an accommodation become responsible for, the obligations
of any Person (other than a wholly-owned Company Subsidiary) for borrowed money,
except for (i) Indebtedness incurred under the Company's existing credit facilities
or renewals or any refinancing thereof, (ii) Indebtedness owing by any wholly-owned
Company Subsidiary to the Company or any other wholly-owned Company Subsidiary,
(iii) Indebtedness incurred in the ordinary course to refinance any existing Indebtedness,
after consultation with Parent, in an amount not to exceed, and on terms no less
favorable in the aggregate than, such existing Indebtedness and repayable within
180 days, and (iv) with respect to capital expenditures permitted pursuant to Section
6.1(i);
(g) grant any Lien in any of its material assets to secure any Indebtedness for
borrowed money, except in connection with Indebtedness permitted under Section 6.1(f)
or Section 6.1(h);
(h) except as otherwise permitted pursuant to Section 6.1(e), authorize, or make
any commitment with respect to, any single capital expenditure which is in excess
of $10,000,000 or capital expenditures which are, in the aggregate, in excess of
$30,000,000 per fiscal quarter in 2007 for the Company and the Subsidiaries taken
as a whole, or which would exceed the Company's existing plan for annual capital
expenditures for 2006;
(i) enter into any new line of business outside of its existing business segments;
(j) make any deposits or contributions of cash or other property to or take any
other action to fund or in any other way secure the payment of compensation or benefits
under the Company Benefit Plans or agreements subject to the Company Benefit Plans
or any other plan, agreement, contract or arrangement of the Company or any Company
Subsidiary, or adopt, enter into, terminate, modify or amend any Company Benefit
Plan, increase in any manner the compensation or benefits of any director, officer,
employee or independent contractor of the Company or pay any benefit not provided
for by any existing Company Benefit Plan, in each case except (i) as reasonably
necessary to comply with applicable Law, including Section 409A of the Code, (ii)
to address the requirements of written Contracts the Company or any Company Subsidiary
has entered into prior to the date hereof, and listed in the Company Disclosure
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