AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER
BY AND AMONG
GLOBAL SIGNAL INC.,
CROWN CASTLE INTERNATIONAL CORP.
AND
CCGS HOLDINGS LLC
DATED AS OF OCTOBER 5, 2006
INDEX OF DEFINED TERMS
| 409A Authorities |
27 |
| Abrams |
2 |
| Affiliate |
75 |
| Agreement |
1 |
| AJCA |
27 |
| Break-Up Amount |
71 |
| Cash Consideration |
4 |
| Cash Consideration Cap |
6 |
| Cash Election |
4 |
| Cash Portion |
9 |
| CERCLA |
29 |
| Certificate |
4 |
| Certificate of Merger |
3 |
| Closing |
3 |
| Closing Date |
3 |
| Code |
2 |
| Commonly Controlled Entity |
25 |
| Communications Act |
16 |
| Concerted Action |
28 |
| Confidentiality Agreement |
50 |
| Converted Deferred Shares |
|
| Converted Option |
7 |
| Converted Restricted Shares |
6 |
| Converted Warrant |
8 |
| Covered Employees |
63 |
| Crown |
1 |
| Crown Adverse Recommendation Change |
56 |
| Crown Board |
1 |
| Crown Bylaws |
33 |
| Crown Certificate of Incorporation |
33 |
| Crown Class A Common Stock |
33 |
| Crown Common Stock |
1 |
| Crown Converted Deferred Shares |
7 |
| Crown Disclosure Letter |
32 |
| Crown Expenses |
70 |
| Crown Filed SEC Report |
38 |
| Crown Financial Advisor |
36 |
| Crown Financial Statements |
38 |
| Crown Notice of Adverse Recommendation |
57 |
| Crown Option |
33 |
| Crown Participant |
42 |
| Crown Restricted Shares |
33 |
| Crown SEC Reports |
38 |
| Crown Stock Plans |
33 |
| Crown Stock Rights |
34 |
| Crown Stockholder Approval |
35 |
| Crown Stockholders' Meeting |
59 |
| Crown Subsidiaries |
35 |
| Crown Subsidiary |
35 |
| Crown Superior Proposal |
56 |
| Crown Takeover Proposal |
56 |
| Crown Termination Fee |
69 |
| Crown Warrants |
34 |
| D&O Insurance |
58 |
| DGCL |
1 |
| DLLC Act |
1 |
| DOJ |
|
| Effective Time |
3 |
| Election Date |
5 |
| environment |
30 |
| Environmental Laws |
30 |
| ERISA |
25 |
| Escrow Agreement |
71 |
| Exchange Act |
16 |
| Exchange Agent |
8 |
| Exchange Fund |
8 |
| FAA |
16 |
| FCC |
16 |
| Form of Election |
5 |
| Fortress |
1 |
| FTC |
51 |
| GAAP |
18 |
| Global |
1 |
| Global Adverse Recommendation Change |
54 |
| Global Benefit Agreements |
25 |
| Global Benefit Plans |
25 |
| Global Board |
1 |
| Global Bylaws |
12 |
| Global Certificate of Incorporation |
12 |
| Global Common Stock |
1 |
| Global Deferred Share |
13 |
| Global Disclosure Letter |
12 |
| Global Expenses |
69 |
| Global Filed SEC Report |
17 |
| Global Financial Advisor |
15 |
| Global Financial Statements |
18 |
| Global Intellectual Property Rights |
31 |
| Global Material Contract |
23 |
| Global Notice of Adverse Recommendation |
54 |
| Global Option |
7 |
| Global Participant |
22 |
| Global Pension Plan |
25 |
| Global Preferred Stock |
13 |
| Global Restricted Shares |
13 |
| Global SEC Reports |
17 |
| Global Stock Rights |
13 |
| Global Stockholder Approval |
15 |
| Global Stockholders' Meeting |
59 |
| Global Subsidiary |
14 |
| Global Superior Proposal |
53 |
| Global Takeover Proposal |
53 |
| Global Termination Fee |
70 |
| Global Third Quarter Dividend |
6 |
| Global Warrant |
8 |
| Global Welfare Plan |
25 |
| Governmental Entity |
16 |
| Greenhill |
1 |
| Hazardous Material |
30 |
| HSR Act |
16 |
| HSR Filing |
51 |
| Indemnified Parties |
58 |
| Intellectual Property |
31 |
| Joint Proxy Statement |
59 |
| Judgments |
64 |
| known to Crown |
76 |
| known to Global |
76 |
| Law |
15 |
| Liens |
14 |
| Litigation |
23 |
| Material Adverse Effect |
75 |
| Merger |
1 |
| Merger Consideration |
4 |
| Merger Sub |
1 |
| Merger Sub Units |
4 |
| New Plan |
63 |
| NLRB |
28 |
| Non-Affiliate Plan Fiduciary |
27 |
| Nonqualified Deferred Compensation Plan |
27 |
| NYSE |
16 |
| Omnibus Plan |
7 |
| Order |
15 |
| Outside Date |
67 |
| person |
75 |
| Primary Company Executives |
22 |
| Prorated Cash Amount |
6 |
| Qualifying Income |
71 |
| Real Estate Transfer Taxes |
69 |
| Registration Statement |
59 |
| REIT |
20 |
| Release |
30 |
| Representatives |
49 |
| Requested Cash Amount |
6 |
| Rights |
49 |
| Rights Agreement |
44 |
| Sarbanes-Oxley Act |
17 |
| SEC |
12 |
| Securities Act |
16 |
| Share Issuance
|
1 |
| Shares |
4 |
| Stock Consideration |
4 |
| Stock Election |
4 |
| Stockholders Agreement |
2 |
| Subsidiary |
12 |
| Support Agreements |
2 |
| Surviving Company |
1 |
| Tax |
21 |
| Tax Return |
22 |
| Third-Party Intellectual Property Rights |
31 |
| to the knowledge of Crown |
76 |
| to the knowledge of Global |
76 |
| Transaction Agreements |
2 |
| TRS |
20 |
| Warrant Agreement |
8 |
AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER
THIS AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER (this "Agreement"), dated as of October 5,
2006, is by and among CROWN CASTLE INTERNATIONAL CORP., a Delaware corporation ("Crown"),
CCGS HOLDINGS LLC, a Delaware limited liability company ("Merger Sub") and a direct
wholly-owned subsidiary of Crown, and GLOBAL SIGNAL INC., a Delaware corporation
("Global").
W I T N E S S E T H:
WHEREAS, upon the terms and subject to the conditions of this Agreement and in
accordance with the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (the "DGCL")
and the Delaware Limited Liability Company Act (the "DLLC Act"), Crown, Merger Sub
and Global will enter into a business combination transaction pursuant to which
Global will merge with and into Merger Sub (the "Merger"), with Merger Sub as the
surviving entity (subject to Section 1.1, the "Surviving Company") and a direct
wholly-owned subsidiary of Crown;
WHEREAS, the board of directors of Global (the "Global Board") (i) has determined
that the Merger is consistent with and in furtherance of the long-term business
strategy of Global, and in the best interests of Global and the holders of its common
stock, par value $0.01 per share (the "Global Common Stock"), and has approved this
Agreement, the Merger and the other transactions contemplated by this Agreement
and declared their advisability and (ii) has recommended that the stockholders of
Global approve and adopt this Agreement and the Merger;
WHEREAS, the board of directors of Crown (the "Crown Board") (i) has determined
that the Merger is consistent with and in furtherance of the long-term business
strategy of Crown, and in the best interests of Crown and its stockholders, and
has approved this Agreement and the other Transaction Agreements (as defined below),
the Merger, the Share Issuance (as defined below) and the other transactions contemplated
by this Agreement and declared their advisability and (ii) has recommended that
the stockholders of Crown approve the issuance of common stock, par value $0.01
per share, of Crown (the "Crown Common Stock") in connection with the Merger and
the other transactions contemplated hereby (the "Share Issuance");
WHEREAS, the sole member of Merger Sub has determined that the Merger is in the
best interests of Merger Sub and its sole member and has approved this Agreement,
the Merger and the other transactions contemplated by this Agreement and declared
their advisability;
WHEREAS, concurrently with the execution and delivery of this Agreement (i) Fortress
Pinnacle Investment Fund, FRIT PINN LLC, Fortress Registered Investment Trust, FRIT
Holdings LLC and FIT GSL LLC (collectively, "Fortress"), (ii) Greenhill Capital
Partners, LLC, GCP SPV1, LLC and GCP SPV2, LLC (collectively, "Greenhill") and (iii)
Abrams Capital International, Ltd., Abrams Capital Partners I, LP, Abrams Capital
Partners II, LP, Whitecrest Partners, LP, Riva Capital Partners, LP and 222 Partners,
LLC (collectively, "Abrams") have entered into and delivered support agreements
(collectively, the "Support Agreements") to Crown, pursuant to which Fortress, Greenhill
and Abrams have agreed, subject to the terms and conditions thereof, to vote certain
of their shares (constituting, in the aggregate, 40% of the shares of Global Common
Stock outstanding on the date hereof) in favor of this Agreement and the transactions
contemplated hereby (including the Merger) and against any transaction or other
action that would interfere with this Agreement or any of the transactions contemplated
hereby (including the Merger);
WHEREAS, concurrently with the execution and delivery of this Agreement, Crown
has entered into a stockholders agreement with Fortress, Greenhill and Abrams (the
"Stockholders Agreement" and, together with this Agreement and the Support Agreements,
the "Transaction Agreements"), pursuant to which Crown has granted, subject to the
terms and conditions thereof, to each of Fortress, Greenhill and Abrams certain
registration rights and certain rights to re-nominate directors to the Crown Board;
WHEREAS, Crown may, prior to the Merger, contribute all of the limited liability
company interests in Merger Sub to another limited liability company wholly owned
by Crown; and
WHEREAS, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, it is intended by Crown, Merger
Sub and Global that (a) the Merger shall qualify as a "reorganization" within the
meaning of Section 368(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the
"Code"), and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, (b) this Agreement
shall constitute a plan of reorganization, and (c) Crown and Global each shall be
a party to such reorganization within the meaning of Section 368(b) of the Code.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing and the respective representations,
warranties, covenants and agreements contained in this Agreement and intending to
be legally bound hereby, the parties hereto agree as follows:
ARTICLE I
THE MERGER
Section 1.1 The Merger. Upon the terms and subject to the conditions of this
Agreement, and in accordance with the DGCL and the DLLC Act, at the Effective Time
(as defined in Section 1.2), Global shall be merged with and into Merger Sub. As
a result of the Merger, the separate corporate existence of Global shall cease and
Merger Sub shall continue as the Surviving Company following the Merger. The existence
of Merger Sub shall continue unaffected and unimpaired by the Merger and, as the
Surviving Company, it shall be governed by the Laws (as defined in Section 3.4)
of the State of Delaware. At the option of Crown and in lieu of the otherwise applicable
provisions of this Section 1.1, the Merger will consist of the merger of Merger
Sub with and into Global, with Global as the Surviving Company; provided that Crown
shall not be entitled to exercise such right to the extent that it would result
in the failure to be satisfied of the conditions set forth in either Section 6.2(d)
or Section 6.3(d). In the event that Crown makes such an election, the parties shall
discuss in good faith appropriate amendments to this Agreement and the other agreements
contained herein to give effect to such change.
Section 1.2 Effective Time; Closing. As promptly as practicable (and in any event
within three (3) business days) after the satisfaction or waiver of the conditions
set forth in ARTICLE VI hereof (other than those conditions that by their nature
are to be satisfied at the Closing (as defined below)), the parties hereto shall
cause the Merger to be consummated by filing a certificate of merger (the "Certificate
of Merger") with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware and by making all
other filings or recordings required under the DGCL or the DLLC Act in connection
with the Merger, in such form as is required by, and executed in accordance with
the relevant provisions of, the DGCL or the DLLC Act, as applicable. The Merger
shall become effective at such time as the Certificate of Merger is duly filed with
the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware, or at such later time as the parties
hereto agree and as shall be specified in the Certificate of Merger (the date and
time the Merger becomes effective, the "Effective Time"). On the date of such filing,
a closing (the "Closing") shall be held at 10:00 a.m., Eastern Time, at the offices
of Cravath, Swaine & Moore LLP, 825 Eighth Avenue, New York, NY 10019, or at such
other time and location as the parties hereto shall otherwise agree. The date on
which the Closing occurs is referred to in this Agreement as the "Closing Date".
Section 1.3 Effect of the Merger. At the Effective Time, the effect of the Merger
shall be as provided in the applicable provisions of the DGCL and the DLLC Act.
Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, and subject thereto, at the Effective
Time, except as otherwise provided herein, all the property, rights, privileges,
powers and franchises of Global and Merger Sub shall vest in the Surviving Company,
and all debts, liabilities, obligations, restrictions, disabilities and duties of
Global and Merger Sub shall become the debts, liabilities, obligations, restrictions,
disabilities and duties of the Surviving Company.
Section 1.4 Certificate of Formation and Operating Agreement.
(a) The Certificate of Formation of Merger Sub in effect immediately preceding
the Effective Time shall be the Certificate of Formation of the Surviving Company
until thereafter changed or amended as provided therein or by applicable Law.
(b) The Limited Liability Company Agreement of Merger Sub in effect immediately
preceding the Effective Time shall be the Limited Liability Company Agreement of
the Surviving Company until thereafter changed or amended or as provided therein
or by applicable Law.
Section 1.5 Officers. From and after the Effective Time, until the earlier of
their resignation or removal or until their respective successors are duly elected
or appointed and qualified in accordance with the Limited Liability Company Agreement
of Merger Sub, the officers of Merger Sub at the Effective Time, if any, shall be
the officers of the Surviving Company.
ARTICLE II
CONVERSION OF SECURITIES; EXCHANGE PROCEDURES
Section 2.1 Effect on Shares. At the Effective Time, by virtue of the Merger
and without any action on the part of Crown, Merger Sub, Global or the holders of
any of the following securities:
(a) Subject to the other provisions of this ARTICLE II, each share of Global
Common Stock, other than any such share that is a Global Restricted Share (as defined
in Section 3.2(a)) as of the Effective Time and that does not become fully vested
and nonforfeitable at the Effective Time in accordance with the terms of the applicable
award agreement (collectively, the "Shares"), issued and outstanding immediately
prior to the Effective Time (other than any Shares cancelled pursuant to Section
2.1(b)), shall automatically be converted into and represent the right to receive,
at the election of the holder thereof, one of the following (the "Merger Consideration"):
(i) for each Share with respect to which an election to receive stock has been made
effectively and not revoked or deemed to have been made in accordance with Section
2.1(d) (a "Stock Election"), 1.61 shares of Crown Common Stock (the "Stock Consideration");
and (ii) for each Share with respect to which an election to receive cash has been
effectively made and not revoked pursuant to (a "Cash Election"), $55.95 in cash,
subject to Section 2.1(d)(v) (the "Cash Consideration"), in each case payable without
interest to the holder of such Share upon surrender, in the manner provided in Section
2.4, of the certificate that formerly evidenced such Share (each, a "Certificate").
(b) Each Share held in the treasury of Global and each Share owned directly by
Crown or Merger Sub, in each case immediately prior to the Effective Time, shall
be canceled without any conversion thereof, and no payment or distribution shall
be made with respect thereto.
(c) Each limited liability company interest in Merger Sub (the "Merger Sub Units")
issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time shall remain outstanding
and unaffected by the Merger and, following the Merger, shall constitute the only
outstanding limited liability company interests or other equity interests in the
Surviving Company from and after the Effective Time.
(d) Election of Merger Consideration.
(i) Each person who, on or prior to the Election Date (as defined in Section
2.1(d)(ii)), is a record holder of Shares shall be entitled, with respect to all
or any portion of such holder's Shares, to make a Stock Election or Cash Election
on the basis set forth in this Section 2.1(d). For the avoidance of doubt, a holder
of Shares shall be permitted to make a Stock Election with respect to a portion
of such holder's Shares and make a Cash Election with respect to such holder's other
Shares. If such a holder does not make a Stock Election or a Cash Election with
respect to all or any portion of such holder's Shares, such holder will be deemed
to have made a Stock Election in the manner herein provided with respect to such
Shares.
(ii) Crown shall prepare and mail, or cause to be prepared and mailed, with the
Joint Proxy Statement (as defined in Section 5.10(a)) (x) a form of election, which
form shall be subject to the reasonable review and comment of Global (the "Form
of Election"), (y) a letter of transmittal (which shall be in customary form and
shall specify that delivery shall be effected, and risk of loss and title to the
Certificates shall pass, only upon proper delivery of the Certificates to the Exchange
Agent (as defined in Section 2.4(a)) and (z) instructions for use in effecting the
surrender of the Certificates pursuant to such letter of transmittal, to the record
holders of Shares as of the record date for the Global Stockholders' Meeting (as
defined in Section 5.10(a)). The Form of Election shall be used by each record holder
of Shares to make an election to receive the Stock Consideration, the Cash Consideration
or both for any or all Shares held by such holder. Crown and Global shall use their
reasonable best efforts to make the Form of Election, letter of transmittal and
instructions available to all persons who become holders of Shares during the period
between such record date and the Election Date. Any such holder's election to receive
the Stock Consideration, the Cash Consideration or both shall have been properly
made only if the Exchange Agent shall have received at its designated office, by
5:00 p.m., New York City time, on the third business day immediately preceding the
Global Stockholders' Meeting (the "Election Date"), (1) a Form of Election properly
completed and signed, (2) a letter of transmittal, duly completed and validly executed
in accordance with the instructions thereto, and (3) such other documents as may
be required pursuant to such instructions, together with Certificates to which such
Form of Election and letter of transmittal relate, duly endorsed in blank or otherwise
in form acceptable for transfer on the books of Global.
(iii) Any stockholder of Global may at any time prior to the Election Date change
his or her election by written notice received by the Exchange Agent prior to 5:00
p.m., New York City time, on the Election Date accompanied by a properly completed
and signed revised Form of Election. Any Form of Election may be revoked by the
stockholder submitting it to the Exchange Agent only by written notice received
by the Exchange Agent (A) prior to 5:00 p.m., New York City time on the Election
Date or (B) after such time, if and to the extent that the Exchange Agent is legally
required to permit revocations and the Effective Time shall not have occurred prior
to such time. All Forms of Election shall automatically be revoked if the Exchange
Agent is notified in writing by Crown and Global that the Merger has been abandoned.
If a Form of Election is revoked, the Certificate or Certificates to which such
Form of Election relates shall be promptly returned to the stockholder submitting
such Form of Election to the Exchange Agent.
(iv) The determination of the Exchange Agent shall be binding as to whether or
not elections to receive the Stock Consideration or the Cash Consideration have
been properly made, changed or revoked pursuant to this with respect to Shares and
when elections, changes and revocations were received by it. If the Exchange Agent
determines that any election to receive the Cash Consideration was not properly made with respect to Shares,
such shares shall be treated by the Exchange Agent as shares for which a Stock Election
was made in accordance with this Section 2.1(d), and such shares shall be entitled
to receive in the Merger the Stock Consideration. The Exchange Agent also shall
make all computations as to proration contemplated by Section 2.1(d)(v) (which computation
shall be made as soon as practicable following the Election Date), and absent manifest
error any such computation shall be conclusive and binding on the holders of Shares.
The Exchange Agent may make such rules as are consistent with this Section 2.1(d)
for the implementation of the elections provided for herein as shall be necessary
or desirable fully to effect such elections.
(v) Notwithstanding anything else in this Agreement to the contrary, the maximum
aggregate amount of Cash Consideration that may be paid by Crown pursuant to this
Agreement shall be $550,000,000 (the "Cash Consideration Cap"); provided that the
Cash Consideration Cap shall be reduced on a dollar-for-dollar basis to the extent
of any cash dividends or other cash distributions declared or paid by Global or
any Global Subsidiary (as defined in Section 3.2(d)) prior to the Effective Time
(other than (x) dividends and distributions by a direct or indirect wholly owned
Global Subsidiary to its parent (without further distribution) and (y) the regular
quarterly dividend of $0.525 per share of Global Common Stock that is to be paid
by Global on or about October 19, 2006 (the "Global Third Quarter Dividend")). If
the aggregate amount of cash subject to Cash Elections received by the Exchange
Agent (the "Requested Cash Amount") exceeds the Cash Consideration Cap, each holder
making a Cash Election shall receive, for each Share with respect to which a Cash
Election has been made, (1) cash in an amount equal to the product of the Cash Consideration
and a fraction, the numerator of which is the Cash Consideration Cap and the denominator
of which is the Requested Cash Amount (such product, the "Prorated Cash Amount")
and (2) a number of shares of Crown Common Stock equal to a fraction, the numerator
of which is equal to the Cash Consideration minus the Prorated Cash Amount and the
denominator of which is $34.75.
Section 2.2 Equity-Based Awards.
(a) At the Effective Time, each Global Restricted Share that is outstanding and
unvested immediately prior to the Effective Time (excluding any Global Restricted
Share that becomes fully vested and nonforfeitable at the Effective Time in accordance
with the terms of the applicable award agreement) shall, by virtue of the Merger and without any action on the part of the holder thereof, be cancelled
and converted, on the same terms and conditions (including vesting) as applied to
such Global Restricted Share immediately prior to the Effective Time, into the number
of restricted shares of Crown Common Stock (the "Converted Restricted Shares") that
is equal to the Stock Consideration, provided that all fractional Converted Restricted
Shares to which a single holder would be entitled shall be aggregated.
(b) At the Effective Time, each Global Deferred Share (as defined in Section
3.2(a)) that is outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time shall, by virtue
of the Merger and without any action on the part of the holder thereof, be converted,
on the same terms and conditions (including vesting) as applied to such Global Deferred
Share immediately prior to the Effective Time, into the number of deferred shares
with respect to Crown Common Stock (the "Converted Deferred Shares") that is equal
to the Stock Consideration, provided that all fractional Converted Deferred Shares
to which a single holder would be entitled shall be aggregated.
(c) At the Effective Time, Crown shall assume the obligations and succeed to
the rights of Global under Global's Omnibus Stock Incentive Plan (as amended December
21, 2005) (the "Omnibus Plan") with respect to the Converted Restricted Shares and
Converted Deferred Shares. Crown shall take all action reasonably necessary or appropriate
to have available for issuance or transfer a sufficient number of shares of Crown
Common Stock for delivery with respect to the Converted Restricted Shares and the
settlement of the Converted Deferred Shares. Promptly after the Effective Time,
Crown shall either (i) prepare and file with the SEC a registration statement on
Form S-8 (or other appropriate form) registering a number of shares of Crown Common
Stock necessary to fulfill Crown's obligations under this Section 2.2 or (ii) assume
the Converted Restricted Shares and Converted Deferred Shares under an existing
equity incentive plan with respect to which a registration statement on Form S-8
(or other appropriate form) is effective.
(d) Global shall ensure that following the Effective Time, no holder of a Global
Restricted Share, Global Deferred Share, Global Option (as defined in Section 2.3(a))
or Global Warrant (as defined in Section 2.3(b)) (or former holder thereof) or any
current or former participant in the Omnibus Plan or any other Global Benefit Plan
(as defined in Section 3.14(a)) or Global Benefit Agreement (as defined in Section
3.14(a)) shall have any right thereunder to acquire any capital stock of Global,
any Global Subsidiary or the Surviving Company or any other equity interest therein
(including "phantom" stock or stock appreciation rights).
(e) Prior to the Effective Time, each of Global and Crown shall cause any dispositions
of Global Common Stock (including derivative securities with respect to Global Common
Stock) or acquisitions of Crown Common Stock (including derivative securities with
respect to Crown Common Stock) resulting from the transactions contemplated by this
Agreement by each individual who is subject to the reporting requirements of Section
16(a) of the Exchange Act (as defined in Section 3.5) with respect to Global or
Crown to be exempt under Rule 16b-3 promulgated under the Exchange Act.
Section 2.3 Options and Warrants.
(a) Options. At the Effective Time, each option entitling the holder thereof
to purchase a share of Global Common Stock (a "Global Option") that is outstanding
at such time, whether or not exercisable and whether or not vested, shall, by virtue
of the Merger and without any action on the part of the holder thereof, be cancelled
and converted, on the same terms and conditions as applied to such Global Option
immediately prior to the Effective Time, into an option to purchase a number of
shares of Crown Common Stock (a "Converted Option") (rounded down to the nearest
whole share) equal to the product of (i) the number of shares of Global Common Stock
subject to such Global Option as of the Effective Time and (ii) the Stock Consideration,
at an exercise price per share of Crown Common Stock (rounded up to the nearest whole cent) equal to the quotient obtained by dividing (A) the aggregate exercise
price for the shares of Global Common Stock subject to such Global Option as of
the Effective Time by (B) the aggregate number of shares of Crown Common Stock subject
to such Converted Option after giving effect to the adjustments in this Section
2.3(a).
(b) Warrants. At the Effective Time, each warrant entitling the holder thereof
to purchase a share of Global Common Stock (a "Global Warrant") that is outstanding
at such time, whether or not exercisable and whether or not vested, granted under
the Warrant Agreement, dated February 13, 2006, by and between Global and American
Stock Transfer & Trust Company (the "Warrant Agreement"), shall, by virtue of the
Merger and without any action on the part of the holder thereof, be cancelled and
converted, on the same terms and conditions (including vesting) as applied to such
Global Warrant immediately prior to the Effective Time, into a warrant entitling
such holder thereof to purchase a number of shares of Crown Common Stock (a "Converted
Warrant") (rounded down to the nearest whole share) equal to the product of (i)
the number of shares of Global Common Stock subject to such Global Warrant as of
the Effective Time and (ii) the Stock Consideration, at an exercise price per share
of Crown Common Stock (rounded up to the nearest whole cent) equal to the quotient
obtained by dividing (A) the aggregate exercise price for the shares of Global Common
Stock subject to such Global Warrant as of the Effective Time by (B) the aggregate
number of shares of Crown Common Stock subject to such Converted Warrant after giving
effect to the adjustments in this Section 2.3(b).
Section 2.4 Exchange of Certificates.
(a) Exchange Agent. At the Effective Time, Crown shall deposit, or shall cause
to be deposited, with a bank or trust company that, prior to the mailing of the
Joint Proxy Statement, may be designated by Crown, and that is reasonably satisfactory
to Global, to act as exchange agent (the "Exchange Agent"), for the benefit of the
holders of Shares, for exchange in accordance with this ARTICLE II through the Exchange
Agent, (i) certificates representing the shares of Crown Common Stock issuable as
the Stock Consideration portion of the Merger Consideration pursuant to Section
2.1(a), (ii) cash or a check in an amount of U.S. dollars (after giving effect to
any required withholdings pursuant to Section 2.4(i)) equal to the amount of cash
payable as the Cash Consideration portion of the Merger Consideration pursuant to
Section 2.1(a) and (iii) cash, from time to time as required to make payments in
lieu of any fractional shares pursuant to Section 2.4(e) or with respect to dividends
or other distributions payable pursuant to Section 2.4(c) (such cash and certificates
for shares of Crown Common Stock being hereinafter referred to as the "Exchange
Fund"). The Exchange Agent shall, pursuant to irrevocable instructions, deliver
the shares of Crown Common Stock and cash contemplated to be issued pursuant to
Section 2.1(a) and this Section 2.4(a) out of the Exchange Fund. Except as contemplated
by Section 2.4(g) hereof, the Exchange Fund shall not be used for any other purpose.
(b) Exchange Procedures. Immediately after the Effective Time, upon surrender
to the Exchange Agent, whether prior to or after the Election Date, of a Certificate
for cancellation, together with a letter of transmittal, duly completed and validly
executed in accordance with the instructions thereto, and such other documents as
may be required pursuant to such instructions, the holder of such Certificate shall
be entitled to receive in exchange therefor: (A) a certificate representing that number of whole shares of Crown
Common Stock which such holder has the right to receive in respect of the Shares
formerly represented by such Certificate after taking into account all Shares then
held by such holder, (B) a check in an amount of U.S. dollars (after giving effect
to any required withholdings pursuant to Section 2.4(i)) equal to the amount of
cash to which such holder is entitled pursuant to Section 2.1(a) and (C) cash in
lieu of any fractional shares of Crown Common Stock to which such holder is entitled
pursuant to Section 2.4(e) and any dividends or other distributions to which such
holder is entitled pursuant to Section 2.4(c), and the Certificate so surrendered
shall forthwith be cancelled. No interest will be paid or will accrue on any cash
payable pursuant to Section 2.4(c) or (e). Unless the duly completed and validly
executed letter of transmittal provides otherwise, for all purposes of this Section
2.4 and in accordance with Treasury Regulation Section 1.358-2(a)(2)(ii), (i) a
holder will be treated as having surrendered, in exchange for the total Cash Consideration,
if any, to be paid to such holder under Section 2.1(d) (with respect to a holder,
the "Cash Portion"), the number of Shares equal to the quotient of (x) such holder's
Cash Portion, divided by (y) the Cash Consideration; and (ii) for purposes of clause
(i), the Certificates surrendered by a holder in exchange for such holder's Cash
Portion will be deemed to be: (A) first, of those Certificates evidencing Shares
held by such holder for more than one year before the Merger within the meaning
of Section 1223 of the Code, if any, those Certificates with the highest Federal
income Tax basis, in descending order until such Certificates are exhausted or the
Cash Portion for such holder is fully paid, then (B) of all other of such holder's
Certificates, those Certificates with the highest Federal income Tax basis, in descending
order until the Cash Portion for such holder is fully paid. In the event of a transfer
of ownership of Shares that is not registered in the transfer records of Global,
the Merger Consideration to which such holder is entitled (including, if applicable,
a check for cash in lieu of any fractional shares of Crown Common Stock to which
such holder is entitled pursuant to Section 2.4(e)) and a check for any dividends
or other distributions to which such holder is entitled pursuant to Section 2.4(c)
may be issued to a transferee if the Certificate representing such Shares is presented
to the Exchange Agent, accompanied by all documents required to evidence and effect
such transfer and by evidence that any applicable stock transfer taxes have been
paid. Until surrendered as contemplated by this Section 2.4, each Certificate shall
be deemed at all times after the Effective Time to represent only the right to receive
upon such surrender the Merger Consideration, the cash in lieu of any fractional
shares of Crown Common Stock to which such holder is entitled pursuant to Section
2.4(e) and any dividends or other distributions to which such holder is entitled
pursuant to Section 2.4(c).
(c) Distributions with Respect to Unexchanged Shares. No dividends or other distributions
declared or made after the Effective Time with respect to the Crown Common Stock
with a record date after the Effective Time shall be paid to the holder of any unsurrendered
Certificate with respect to the shares of Global Common Stock formerly represented
thereby, until the holder of such Certificate shall surrender such Certificate.
Subject to the effect of escheat, tax or other applicable Laws, following surrender
of any such Certificate, there shall be paid to the holder of the certificates representing
whole shares of Crown Common Stock issued in exchange therefor, without interest,
(i) promptly, the amount of dividends or other distributions with a record date
after the Effective Time and theretofore paid with respect to such whole shares
of Crown Common Stock, and (ii) at the appropriate payment date, the amount of dividends
or other distributions, with a record date after the Effective Time but prior to
surrender and a payment date occurring after surrender, payable with respect to such whole
shares of Crown Common Stock.
(d) No Further Rights in Global Common Stock. All cash paid and shares of Crown
Common Stock issued upon conversion of the Shares in accordance with the terms of
this ARTICLE II (including any cash paid pursuant to Section 2.4(c) or (e)) shall
be deemed to have been paid and issued in full satisfaction of all rights pertaining
to such Shares.
(e) No Fractional Shares. No certificates or script representing fractional shares
of Crown Common Stock shall be issued upon the surrender for exchange of Certificates,
and such fractional shares interests will not entitle the owner thereof to vote
or to any other rights of a stockholder of Crown. Each holder of Shares exchanged
pursuant to the Merger who would otherwise be entitled to receive a fraction of
a share of Crown Common Stock (after taking into account all Certificates delivered
by such holder) shall receive, upon surrender of such holder's Certificates in accordance
with this Section 2.4, an amount in cash (without interest) equal to the product
obtained by multiplying (i) such fractional share interest to which such holder
would otherwise be entitled by (ii) $34.75. As promptly as practicable after the
determination of the amount of cash, if any, to be paid to holders of fractional
share interests, the Exchange Agent shall so notify Crown, and Crown shall deposit
such amount with the Exchange Agent and shall cause the Exchange Agent to forward
payments to such holders of fractional share interests subject to and in accordance
with the terms of Section 2.4(b).
(f) Adjustments to Merger Consideration. The Merger Consideration shall be adjusted
to reflect appropriately the effect of any forward or reverse stock split, stock
dividend (including any dividend or distribution of securities convertible into
Crown Common Stock or Global Common Stock), reorganization, recapitalization, reclassification,
combination, exchange of shares or other like change with respect to Crown Common
Stock or Global Common Stock occurring on or after the date hereof and prior to
the Effective Time. The Cash Consideration Cap shall be reduced on a dollar-for-dollar
basis to the extent of any cash dividends or other cash distributions declared or
paid by Global or any Global Subsidiary prior to the Effective Time (other than
(x) dividends and distributions by a direct or indirect wholly owned Global Subsidiary
to its parent (without further distribution) and (y) the Global Third Quarter Dividend).
(g) Termination of Exchange Fund. Any portion of the Exchange Fund (including
any interest received with respect thereto) that remains undistributed to the holders
of Global Common Stock for six months after the Effective Time shall be delivered
to Crown, upon demand, and shall be held in trust for the benefit of any holders
of Global Common Stock who have not theretofore complied with this ARTICLE II without
any interest thereon, subject to the effect of escheat, tax or other applicable
Law.
(h) No Liability. Neither the Exchange Agent nor any party hereto shall be liable
to any holder of Certificates for any such Shares (or dividends or distributions
with respect thereto), or cash delivered to a public official pursuant to any abandoned
property, escheat or similar Law. If any Certificate has not been surrendered prior
to two years after the Effective Time (or immediately prior to such earlier date
on which Merger Consideration or any dividends or distributions with respect to
Crown Common Stock as contemplated by Section 2.4(c) in respect of such Certificate
would otherwise escheat to or become the property of any Governmental Entity (as defined in Section 3.5)), any such shares, cash, dividends
or distributions in respect of such Certificate shall, to the extent permitted by
applicable Law, become the property of the Surviving Company, free and clear of
all claims or interest of any person previously entitled thereto.
(i) Withholding Rights. Each of the Surviving Company, Crown and the Exchange
Agent shall be entitled to deduct and withhold from the Merger Consideration otherwise
payable pursuant to this Agreement to any holder of Shares such amounts as it is
required to deduct and withhold with respect to the making of such payment under
the Code, or any provision of federal, state, local or foreign Tax Law. To the extent
that amounts are so withheld by Crown or the Exchange Agent, as the case may be,
such withheld amounts shall be treated for all purposes of this Agreement as having
been paid to the holder of the Shares in respect to which such deduction and withholding
was made by Crown or the Exchange Agent, as the case may be.
(j) Lost Certificates. If any Certificate shall have been lost, stolen or destroyed,
upon the making of an affidavit of that fact by the person claiming such Certificate
to be lost, stolen or destroyed and, if required by Crown, the posting by such person
of a bond, in such reasonable amount as Crown may direct, as indemnity against any
claim that may be made against it with respect to such Certificate, the Exchange
Agent will issue in exchange for such lost, stolen or destroyed Certificate the
Merger Consideration, any cash in lieu of fractional shares of Crown Common Stock
to which the holders thereof are entitled pursuant to Section 2.4(e) and any dividend
or other distributions to which the holders thereof are entitled pursuant to Section
2.4(c).
(k) Investment of Exchange Fund. The Exchange Agent shall invest any cash included
in the Exchange Fund, as directed by Crown, on a daily basis. Any interest and other
income resulting from such investments shall be paid to Crown.
Section 2.5 Stock Transfer Books. At the Effective Time, the stock transfer books
of Global shall be closed and there shall be no further registration of transfers
of Shares thereafter on the records of Global. From and after the Effective Time,
the holders of Certificates representing Shares outstanding immediately prior to
the Effective Time shall cease to have any rights with respect to such Shares, except
as otherwise provided in this Agreement or by Law. On or after the Effective Time,
any Certificates presented to the Exchange Agent or Crown for any reason shall be
converted into the right to receive the Merger Consideration, any cash in lieu of
fractional shares of Crown Common Stock to which the holders thereof are entitled
pursuant to Section 2.4(e) and any dividends or other distributions to which the
holders thereof are entitled pursuant to Section 2.4(c).
ARTICLE III
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF GLOBAL
Global represents and warrants to each of the other parties hereto as follows
(except (i) as set forth in the written disclosure letter (which letter shall in
each case specifically identify by reference to Sections of this Agreement any exceptions
to each of the representations, warranties and covenants contained in this Agreement; provided, however, that
any information set forth in one section or subsection of such disclosure letter
shall be deemed to apply to each other section or subsection thereof or hereof to
which its relevance is readily apparent on its face) delivered by Global to Crown
and Merger Sub in connection with the execution and delivery of this Agreement (the
"Global Disclosure Letter") or (ii) as readily apparent from disclosure in the Global
SEC Reports (as defined in Section 3.7) filed or furnished to the Securities and
Exchange Commission (the "SEC") by Global, and in either case, publicly available
on or prior to the date hereof, but excluding, in each case, any disclosures set
forth in any risk factor section, in any section relating to forward-looking statements
and any other disclosures included therein to the extent that they are cautionary,
predictive or forward-looking in nature):
Section 3.01 Organization and Standing.
(a) Global is duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the
laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation. Global has made available to Crown
complete and correct copies of the minutes (or, in the case of minutes that have
not yet been finalized, drafts thereof) of all meetings of the stockholders of Global
and each of the Global Subsidiaries, the boards of directors of Global and each
of the Global Subsidiaries, and the committees of each such board of directors,
in each case held since January 1, 2004 and prior to the date hereof.
(b) (i) Each Global Subsidiary is duly organized, validly existing and in good
standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation or organization,
and (ii) each of Global and each Global Subsidiary (x) has full corporate (or similar)
power and authority and all necessary government approvals to own, lease and operate
its properties and assets and to conduct its business as presently conducted, and
(y) is duly qualified or licensed to do business as a foreign corporation, limited
partnership, partnership or limited liability company and is in good standing in
each jurisdiction where the character of the properties owned, leased or operated
by it or the nature of its business makes such qualification or licensing necessary,
except in the case of clauses (b)(i) and (b)(ii), where any such failure has not
had, or is not reasonably expected to have, individually or in the aggregate, a
Material Adverse Effect (as defined in Section 8.12(b)). Global has furnished or
made available to Crown true and complete copies of the Amended and Restated Certificate
of Incorporation of Global, as amended through the date of this Agreement (as so
amended, the "Global Certificate of Incorporation"); the Second Amended and Restated
Bylaws of Global, as amended through the date of this Agreement (as so amended,
the "Global Bylaws"); and the comparable charter and organizational documents of
each Global Subsidiary, in each case as amended through the date of this Agreement.
The Global Certificate of Incorporation and the Global Bylaws are in full force
and effect and have not been amended or otherwise modified. Global is not in material
violation of any provision of the Global Certificate of Incorporation or the Global
Bylaws, and no Global Subsidiary is in material violation of any provision of its
certificate of incorporation, bylaws or equivalent organizational documents.
For purposes of this Agreement, a "Subsidiary" of any person means another person,
(i) an amount of the voting securities, other voting rights or voting partnership
interests of which that is sufficient to elect at least a majority of its board
of directors or other governing body is directly or indirectly owned or controlled
by such first person or by any one or more of its Subsidiaries, or by such first
person and one or more of its Subsidiaries (or, if there are no such voting interests, 50% or more of the equity interests of which is owned
directly or indirectly by such first person) or (ii) of which such first person
or any other Subsidiary of such first person is a general partner (excluding partnerships,
the general partnership interests of which held by such first person and any Subsidiary
of such first person do not have a majority of the voting interests in such partnership).
Section 3.02 Capitalization.
(a) The authorized capital stock of Global consists of (i) 150,000,000 shares
of Global Common Stock and (ii) 20,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value
$0.01 per share (the "Global Preferred Stock"). At the close of business on September
29, 2006, (A) 70,222,876 shares of Global Common Stock were issued and outstanding
(including 358,365 shares of Global Common Stock that were outstanding as of the
relevant time but were subject to vesting or other forfeiture restrictions or a
right of repurchase by Global as of such time (shares so subject, "Global Restricted
Shares")), (B) 29,327 shares of Global Common Stock were held by Global in its treasury,
(C) 8,715,000 shares of Global Common Stock were reserved for issuance pursuant
to the Omnibus Plan, of which no shares of Global Common Stock were subject to outstanding
and unexercised options to purchase Global Common Stock, (D) 644,000 shares of Global
Common Stock were subject to outstanding and unexercised Global Options, (E) 420,220
shares of Global Common Stock were subject to outstanding and unexercised Global
Warrants, and (F) a maximum of 2,887 shares of Global Common Stock could be issued
pursuant to outstanding deferred share awards with respect to Global Common Stock
(each such deferred share award, a "Global Deferred Share"). At the close of business
on September 29, 2006, no shares of Global Preferred Stock were issued and outstanding
and no shares of Global Preferred Stock were held in the treasury of Global.
(b) Except as set forth in Section 3.2(a) above, at the close of business on
September 29, 2006, no shares of capital stock or other voting securities of Global
were issued, reserved for issuance or outstanding. From September 29, 2006, until
the date of this Agreement, there have been no issuances by Global of shares of
capital stock of, or other equity or voting interests in, Global, other than the
issuance of shares of Global Common Stock pursuant to the exercise of Global Options
and Global Warrants outstanding as of September 29, 2006, each in accordance with
their terms as in effect on September 29, 2006. Except as set forth in Section 3.2(a),
as of the date hereof, there are no options, warrants, convertible or exchangeable
securities, subscriptions, stock appreciation rights, phantom stock rights or stock
equivalents or other rights, agreements, arrangements or commitments (contingent
or otherwise) of any character issued or authorized by Global or any Global Subsidiary
(i) relating to any issued or unissued capital stock or equity interest of Global
or any Global Subsidiary, (ii) obligating Global or any Global Subsidiary to issue,
deliver or sell, or cause to be issued, delivered or sold, any shares of capital
stock of, or options, warrants, convertible or exchangeable securities, subscriptions
or other equity interests in, Global or any Global Subsidiary or (iii) that give
any person the right to receive any economic benefit or right similar to or derived
from the economic benefits and rights accruing to holders of capital stock Global
or any Global Subsidiary (each of (i), (ii) and (iii), collectively, the "Global
Stock Rights"). All outstanding shares of Global Common Stock are, and all shares
of Global Common Stock that may be issued prior to the Effective Time will be when
issued, duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable. There are
no outstanding contractual obligations of Global or any Global Subsidiary to repurchase, redeem or otherwise acquire any capital stock or equity interest
of Global (including any shares of Global Common Stock) or any Global Subsidiary
or any Global Stock Rights or to pay any dividend or make any other distribution
in respect thereof or to provide funds to, or make any investment (in the form of
a loan, capital contribution or otherwise) in, any person.
(c) Section 3.2(c) of the Global Disclosure Letter sets forth a true, complete
and correct list, as of September 29, 2006, of (i) all Global Options, the number
of shares of Global Common Stock subject thereto, the grant dates, expiration dates,
the exercise or base prices and vesting schedules thereof and the names of the holders
thereof, (ii) all outstanding Global Warrants, the number of shares of Global Common
Stock subject thereto, the grant dates, expiration dates, the exercise or base prices
and vesting schedules thereof and the names of the holders thereof, (iii) all outstanding
Global Restricted Shares, the grant dates, vesting schedules, repurchase prices
(if any) and names of the holders thereof and (iv) all outstanding Global Deferred
Shares, the maximum number of shares of Global Common Stock that may be issued pursuant
to each such Global Deferred Share, the grant dates, vesting schedules and names
of the holders thereof. Each outstanding Global Restricted Share, Global Deferred
Share, Global Option and Global Warrant may, pursuant to its terms, be treated at
the Effective Time as set forth in Section 2.2 or 2.3, as applicable.
(d) Exhibit 21.1 to Global's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended
December 31, 2005 includes all the Subsidiaries of Global (each a "Global Subsidiary"
and together, the "Global Subsidiaries") in existence as of the date hereof. All
the outstanding shares of capital stock of, or other equity interests in, each such
Global Subsidiary have been duly authorized and validly issued and are fully paid
and nonassessable and are, except as set forth in such Exhibit 21.1, owned directly
or indirectly by Global, free and clear of all pledges, claims, liens, charges,
encumbrances and security interests of any kind or nature whatsoever (collectively,
"Liens") and free of any other restriction (including any restriction on the right
to vote, sell or otherwise dispose of such capital stock or other ownership interests),
except for restrictions imposed by applicable securities laws. Neither Global nor
any of the Global Subsidiaries directly or indirectly owns or has any right or obligation
to subscribe for or otherwise acquire any equity or similar interest in, or any
interest convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for, any corporation, partnership,
joint venture or other business association or entity (other than the Global Subsidiaries).
Section 3.3 Authority for Agreement.
(a) Global has all necessary corporate power and authority to execute and deliver
this Agreement, to perform its obligations hereunder and, subject to obtaining the
Global Stockholder Approval (as defined below) in connection with this Agreement
and the Merger, to consummate the Merger and the other transactions contemplated
by this Agreement. The execution, delivery and performance by Global of this Agreement
and the consummation by Global of the Merger and the other transactions contemplated
by this Agreement, have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action on
the part of Global and no other corporate proceedings on the part of Global are
necessary to authorize this Agreement or to consummate the Merger or the other transactions
contemplated by this Agreement (other than obtaining the Global Stockholder Approval
and the filing and recordation of appropriate merger documents as required by the
DGCL and the DLLC Act). This Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by Global and, assuming the due authorization, execution and delivery
by Crown and Merger Sub, constitutes a legal, valid and binding obligation of Global
enforceable against Global in accordance with its terms subject, as to enforcement
of remedies, to bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or similar laws
affecting the rights and remedies of creditors generally and to the effect of general
principles of equity. The affirmative vote of a majority of the outstanding shares
of Global Common Stock entitled to vote in accordance with the DGCL, the Global
Certificate of Incorporation and the Global Bylaws (the "Global Stockholder Approval")
is the only vote of the holders of capital stock of Global necessary to adopt and
approve this Agreement, the Merger and the other transactions contemplated by this
Agreement.
(b) The Global Board, at a meeting duly called and held, duly and unanimously
adopted resolutions (i) approving this Agreement and the other Transaction Agreements,
the Merger and the other transactions contemplated by this Agreement, (ii) determining
that the terms of the Merger and the other transactions contemplated by this Agreement
are fair to and in the best interests of Global and its stockholders, (iii) recommending
that Global's stockholders adopt this Agreement and (iv) declaring that this Agreement
is advisable. Such resolutions are sufficient to render inapplicable to Crown and
Merger Sub, this Agreement, the Merger and the other transactions contemplated by
this Agreement, and the other Transaction Agreements and the transactions contemplated
thereby, the restrictions set forth in Article IV, Part D of the Global Certificate
of Incorporation. The provisions of Section 203 of the DGCL are inapplicable to
Crown and Merger Sub, this Agreement, the Merger and the other transactions contemplated
by this Agreement by virtue of the express election of Global set forth in the Global
Certificate of Incorporation not to be governed by Section 203 of the DGCL. To Global's
knowledge, no other state takeover statute or similar statute or regulation applies
or purports to apply to Global with respect to this Agreement, the Merger or any
other transaction contemplated by this Agreement or the other Transaction Agreements
and the transactions contemplated thereby.
(c) Goldman, Sachs & Co., the financial advisor to the Global Board (the "Global
Financial Advisor"), has delivered to the Global Board its opinion to the effect
that, as of the date of such opinion and based on the assumptions, qualifications
and limitations contained therein, the Merger Consideration is fair, from a financial
point of view, to the holders of Global Common Stock. Global has made available
to Crown, for informational purposes only, a correct and complete copy of the form
of such opinion prior to the execution of this Agreement.
Section 3.4 No Conflict. The execution and delivery of this Agreement by Global
do not, and the performance of this Agreement by Global and the consummation of
the Merger and the other transactions contemplated by this Agreement will not, (a)
assuming the Global Stockholder Approval is obtained, conflict with or violate (i)
the Global Certificate of Incorporation or the Global Bylaws or (ii) the equivalent
organizational documents of any of the Global Subsidiaries, (b) subject to Section
3.5 and assuming the Global Stockholder Approval is obtained, conflict with or violate
any United States federal, state or local or any foreign statute, law, rule, regulation,
ordinance, code or any other requirement or rule of law (a "Law") or any charge,
order, writ, injunction, judgment, decree, ruling, determination, directive, award
or settlement, whether civil, criminal or administrative (an "Order"), in each case
applicable to Global or any of the Global Subsidiaries or by which any property
or asset of Global or any of the Global Subsidiaries is bound or affected, or (c) result in a breach of or
constitute a default (or an event which with notice or lapse of time or both would
become a default) under, give to others any right of termination, amendment, acceleration
or cancellation of, result in the triggering of any payment or other obligation
or any right of consent, or result in the creation of a Lien on any property or
asset of Global or any of the Global Subsidiaries pursuant to any note, bond, mortgage,
indenture, contract, agreement, lease, license, permit, franchise or other instrument
or obligation to which Global or any of the Global Subsidiaries is a party or by
which Global or any of the Global Subsidiaries or any property or asset of any of
them is bound or affected (including any Global Material Contract (as defined in
Section 3.12(a)), except, in the case of clauses (a)(ii), (b) and (c) above, for
any such conflicts, violations, breaches, defaults or other occurrences which have
not had and are not reasonably expected to have, individually or in the aggregate,
a Material Adverse Effect.
Section 3.5 Required Filings and Consents. The execution and delivery of this
Agreement by Global do not, and the performance of this Agreement by Global will
not, require any consent, approval, order, authorization or permit of, or declaration,
registration, filing with, or notification to, any United States federal, state
or local or any foreign government or any court, administrative or regulatory agency
or commission or other governmental authority or agency, domestic or foreign (a
"Governmental Entity"), except for (i) applicable requirements, if any, of (A) the
Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), and the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"), including, without limitation, the
filing with the SEC of the Joint Proxy Statement and of the Registration Statement
(as defined in Section 5.10(a)) in which the Joint Proxy Statement will be included
as a prospectus, and declaration of effectiveness of the Registration Statement,
(B) state securities or "blue sky" laws, (C) the DGCL and the DLLC Act to file the
Certificate of Merger or other appropriate documentation and (D) the New York Stock
Exchange (the "NYSE"), (ii) those required by the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements
Act of 1976, as amended (the "HSR Act"), (iii) such filings and approvals as are
required to be made or obtained under any foreign antitrust, competition or similar
Laws in connection with the consummation of the Merger and the other transactions
contemplated by this Agreement, (iv) the filing of customary applications and notices,
as applicable, (A) with the Federal Aviation Administration (the "FAA"), and any
approvals of such applications and notices, or (B) with the Federal Communications
Commission (the "FCC") under the Communications Act of 1934, as amended (the "Communications
Act"), and any approvals of such applications and notices, which, in the case of
this clause (iv), are required or appropriate with respect to the transactions contemplated
by this Agreement and related to Global's ownership or operation of communications
or broadcast towers and the assets and properties relating thereto and (v) customary
filings, notices and approvals with any state public service, public utility commissions,
state environmental agencies or similar state regulatory bodies with respect to
the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and related to the consummation
of the Merger and the other transactions contemplated by this Agreement as a result
of Global's ownership or operation of communications or broadcast towers and the
assets and properties relating thereto.
Section 3.6 Compliance; Regulatory Compliance.
(a) Each of Global and the Global Subsidiaries (i) has been operated at all times
in compliance with all Laws applicable to Global or any of the Global Subsidiaries
or by which any property, business or asset of Global or any of the Global Subsidiaries
is bound or affected and (ii) is not in default or violation of any governmental
licenses, permits or franchises to which Global or any of the Global Subsidiaries
is a party or by which Global or any of the Global Subsidiaries or any property
or asset of Global or any of the Global Subsidiaries is bound or affected other
than, in the case of clauses (i) and (ii) above, failures to comply, defaults or
violations which do not have and are not reasonably expected to have, individually
or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect. Neither Global nor any Global Subsidiary
has received any written communication during the past two years from a Governmental
Entity that alleges that Global or a Global Subsidiary is not in compliance with
any applicable Law, except for failures to be in compliance that, individually or
in the aggregate, have not had and are not reasonably expected to have a Material
Adverse Effect.
(b) Each of Global and the Global Subsidiaries has in effect all required governmental
licenses, permits, certificates, approvals and authorizations necessary for the
conduct of their business and the use of their properties and assets, as presently
conducted and used, except where such failure has not had, or is not reasonably
expected to have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect; and
neither Global nor any Global Subsidiary has received notice from any Governmental
Entity that any such license, permit, certificate, approval or authorization is
subject to any adverse action which has had, or is reasonably expected to have,
individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect.
(c) This Section 3.6 does not relate to Tax matters, employee benefits matters,
labor relations matters, environmental matters, intellectual property matters or
matters related to the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and international trade sanctions,
which are the subjects of Sections 3.9, 3.14, 3.15, 3.16, 3.17 and 3.21, respectively.
Section 3.7 SEC Filings; Financial Statements.
(a) Each of Global and the Global Subsidiaries has filed all forms, reports,
statements and documents required to be filed with the SEC since June 2, 2004 (the
"Global SEC Reports"), each of which has complied in all material respects with
the applicable requirements of the Securities Act and the rules and regulations
promulgated thereunder, the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated
thereunder, and the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (the "Sarbanes-Oxley Act") and the
rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, each as in effect on the date so filed,
except to the extent updated, amended, restated or corrected by a subsequent Global
SEC Report filed or furnished to the SEC by Global, and in either case, publicly
available prior to the date hereof (each, a "Global Filed SEC Report"). None of
the Global SEC Reports (including any financial statements or schedules included
or incorporated by reference therein) contained when filed or currently contains,
and any Global SEC Reports filed with the SEC subsequent to the date hereof will
not contain, any untrue statement of a material fact or omission to state a material
fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein,
in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, except
to the extent updated, amended, restated or corrected by a subsequent Global Filed
SEC Report.
(b) Except to the extent updated, amended, restated or corrected by a subsequent
Global Filed SEC Report, all of the financial statements included in the Global
SEC Reports, in each case, including any related notes thereto, as filed with the
SEC (those filed with the SEC are collectively referred to as the "Global Financial
Statements"), comply as to form in all material respects with applicable accounting
requirements and the published rules of the SEC with respect thereto and have been
prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP")
applied on a consistent basis throughout the periods involved (except as may be
indicated in the notes thereto or, in the case of the unaudited statements, as may
be permitted by Form 10-Q of the SEC and subject, in the case of the unaudited statements,
to normal, year-end audit adjustments which are not reasonably expected to have,
individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect). The condensed consolidated
balance sheets (including the related notes) included in such Global Financial Statements
(if applicable, as updated, amended, restated or corrected in a subsequent Global
Filed SEC Report) fairly present, in all material respects, the condensed consolidated
financial position of Global and the Global Subsidiaries at the respective dates
thereof, and the condensed consolidated statements of operations, stockholders'
equity and cash flows (in each case, including the related notes) included in such
Global Financial Statements (if applicable, as updated, amended, restated or corrected
in a subsequent Global Filed SEC Report) fairly present, in all material respects,
the condensed consolidated statements of operations, stockholders' equity and cash
flows of Global and the Global Subsidiaries for the periods indicated, subject,
in the case of the unaudited statements, to normal, year-end adjustments which are
not reasonably expected to have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse
Effect.
(c) Neither Global nor any of the Global Subsidiaries has any liabilities or
obligations of any kind whatsoever, whether or not accrued and whether or not contingent
or absolute, that are material to Global and the Global Subsidiaries, taken as a
whole, other than (i) liabilities or obligations disclosed or provided for in the
unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet of Global as of June 30, 2006, including
the notes thereto, contained in the Global SEC Reports, (ii) liabilities or obligations
incurred on behalf of Global in connection with this Agreement and the contemplated
Merger, (iii) liabilities or obligations incurred in the ordinary course of business
consistent with past practice since June 30, 2006, and (iv) other liabilities or
obligations that are otherwise covered by insurance.
(d) Each of the principal executive officer of Global and the principal financial
officer of Global (or each former principal executive officer of Global and each
former principal financial officer of Global, as applicable) has made all certifications
required by Rule 13a-14 or 15d-14 under the Exchange Act and Sections 302 and 906
of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act with respect to the Global SEC Reports, and the statements
contained in such certifications are true and accurate. For purposes of this Agreement,
"principal executive officer" and "principal financial officer" shall have the meanings
given to such terms in the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. Neither Global nor any of the Global
Subsidiaries has any outstanding, or has arranged any outstanding, "extensions of
credit" to directors or executive officers within the meaning of Section 402 of
the Sarbanes-Oxley Act.
(i) Global maintains a system of "internal control over financial reporting"
(as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) sufficient
to provide reasonable assurance (A) that transactions are recorded as necessary
to permit preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP, consistently
applied, (B) that transactions are executed only in accordance with the authorization
of management and (C) regarding prevention or timely detection of the unauthorized
acquisition, use or disposition of Global's assets.
(ii) Global's "disclosure controls and procedures" (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e)
and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) are reasonably designed to ensure that all
information (both financial and non-financial) required to be disclosed by Global
in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed,
summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the rules and forms
of the SEC, and that all such information is accumulated and communicated to Global's
management as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure
and to make the certifications of the chief executive officer and chief financial
officer of Global required under the Exchange Act with respect to such reports.
(iii) Neither Global nor any of the Global Subsidiaries is a party to, or has
any commitment to become a party to, any joint venture, off-balance sheet partnership
or any similar contract (including any contract or arrangement relating to any transaction
or relationship between or among Global or any of the Global Subsidiaries, on the
one hand, and any unconsolidated affiliate, including any structured finance, special
purpose or limited purpose entity or person, on the other hand, or any "off-balance
sheet arrangements" (as defined in Item 303(a) of Regulation S-K of the SEC), where
the result, purpose or intended effect of such contract is to avoid disclosure of
any material transaction involving, or material liabilities of, Global or any of
the Global Subsidiaries in Global's or such Global Subsidiary's published financial
statements or other Global SEC Reports.
(iv) Since June 2, 2004, Global has not received any oral or written notification
of any (x) "significant deficiency" or (y) "material weakness" in Global's internal
controls over financial reporting. There is no outstanding "significant deficiency"
or "material weakness" which Global's independent accountants certify has not been
appropriately and adequately remedied by Global. For purposes of this Agreement,
the terms "significant deficiency" and "material weakness" shall have the meanings
assigned to them in Release 2004-001 of the Public Company Accounting Oversight
Board, as in effect on the date hereof.
(e) The effectiveness of any additional SEC disclosure requirement that, as of
the date of this Agreement, has been formally proposed that is not yet in effect,
is not expected by Global to lead to any materially adverse change in Global's disclosures
as set forth in the Global SEC Reports.
(f) None of the Global Subsidiaries is, or has at any time since June 2, 2004
been, subject to the reporting requirements of Sections 13(a) and 15(d) of the Exchange
Act.
Section 3.8 Absence of Certain Changes or Events. Except as contemplated by this
Agreement, since the date of the most recent audited financial statements included
in the Global SEC Reports and through the date hereof, each of Global and the Global
Subsidiaries has conducted its respective businesses only in the ordinary course
in all material respects and in a manner consistent with prior practice in all material
respects and there has not been any event or occurrence of any condition that has had or is reasonably expected to have, individually
or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect. Except as contemplated by this Agreement,
since the date of the most recent audited financial statements included in the Global
SEC Reports and through the date hereof, there has not been (i) any material change
in accounting methods, principles or practices employed by Global or (ii) any action
of the types described in Section 5.1(b) or Section 5.1(c) which, had such action
been taken after the date of this Agreement, would be in violation of any such Section.
Section 3.9 Taxes.
(a) Each of Global and the Global Subsidiaries has duly filed all Tax Returns
(as defined in Section 3.9(j)), required to be filed by it or has been granted extensions
to file such Tax Returns, which extensions have not expired, and all such Tax Returns
are true, complete and accurate, except to the extent that all such failures to
file, taken together, have not had and are not reasonably expected to have a Material
Adverse Effect. Global and each of the Global Subsidiaries have paid (or Global
has paid on its behalf) all Taxes (i) shown as due on such Tax Returns or (ii) otherwise
due and payable, except for those Taxes (x) being contested in good faith by appropriate
proceedings and for which adequate reserves have been established in the financial
statements included in the Global SEC Reports in accordance with GAAP or (y) that
have not had and are not reasonably expected to have, individually or in the aggregate,
a Material Adverse Effect. There are no Liens for any Taxes upon the assets of Global
or the Global Subsidiaries, other than (i) statutory Liens for Taxes not yet due
and payable, (ii) Liens for Taxes contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings
and (iii) Liens that are not, and are not reasonably expected to be, material to
the businesses of Global and the Global Subsidiaries, taken as a whole.
(b) Global (i) for each taxable period beginning with its date of formation through
its most recent taxable year ended on or before the date hereof, has been subject
to taxation as a real estate investment trust within the meaning of Sections 856
et seq. of the Code (a "REIT") and has satisfied all the requirements to qualify
as a REIT for such years, (ii) has operated consistent with all the requirements
for qualification and taxation as a REIT through the date hereof for the period
from the end of its most recent taxable year ended before the date hereof, (iii)
has not taken any action or omitted to take any action that is reasonably expected
to result in a successful challenge by the Internal Revenue Service to its status
as a REIT, and no such challenge is pending, or to Global's knowledge, threatened
and (iv) intends to continue to operate in such a manner as to permit it to continue
to qualify as a REIT for the taxable year or portion thereof that will end with
the Merger. Each Global Subsidiary that files Tax Returns as a partnership or is
a disregarded entity for U.S. federal income tax purposes has since its acquisition
by Global been classified for U.S. federal income tax purposes as either a partnership
or disregarded entity and not as an association taxable as a corporation, or a "publicly
traded partnership" within the meaning of Section 7704(b) of the Code that is treated
as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes under Section 7704(a) of the
Code. Each Global Subsidiary that is a corporation has been since its formation
classified as a qualified REIT subsidiary under Section 856(i) of the Code or a
taxable REIT subsidiary under Section 856(l) of the Code (a "TRS"). No Global Subsidiary
is classified as or files Tax Returns as a REIT under Sections 856 through 860 of
the Code or as a regular "C" Corporation that is not treated as a TRS. Global has
not engaged, directly or indirectly, in any action that resulted in any "prohibited
transaction" Tax pursuant to Section 857(b)(6) of the Code, any Tax on certain non-arm's length
transactions pursuant to Section 857(b)(7) of the Code or any Tax pursuant to Section
4981 of the Code.
(c) Global had at least $280,700,000 of "net operating loss carryovers" within
the meaning of Section 172 of the Code as of December 31, 2005, which are subject
to limitations pursuant to Section 382 of the Code as of the date hereof.
(d) No Tax Return of Global or a Global Subsidiary is or has ever been audited
or examined by any tax authority, and no notice of such an audit or examination
has been received by Global or a Global Subsidiary. No deficiencies for any Taxes
have been proposed, asserted or assessed in writing against Global or any of the
Global Subsidiaries that are not adequately reserved for, except for deficiencies
that, individually or in the aggregate, have not had and are not reasonably expected
to have a Material Adverse Effect, and no requests for waivers of the time to assess
any such taxes have been granted or are pending (other than with respect to years
that are currently under examination by the Internal Revenue Service or other applicable
taxing authorities).
(e) Neither Global nor any of the Global Subsidiaries has taken any action or
has any knowledge of any fact or circumstance that is reasonably likely to prevent
the transactions contemplated hereby, including the Merger, from qualifying as a
reorganization within the meaning of Section 368 of the Code.
(f) Neither Global nor any of the Global Subsidiaries has constituted either
a "distributing corporation" or a "controlled corporation" (within the meaning of
Section 355(a)(1)(A)) in a distribution of stock qualifying for tax-free treatment
under Section 355 of the Code (i) in the two years prior to the date of this Agreement
or (ii) in a distribution which could otherwise constitute part of a "plan" or "series
of related transactions" (within the meaning of Section 355(e) of the Code) in conjunction
with the Merger.
(g) Neither Global nor any of the Global Subsidiaries has entered into a "listed
transaction" within the meaning of Treasury Regulation ss. 1.6011-4(b)(2).
(h) Global and the Global Subsidiaries have complied with all applicable Laws
relating to the payment and withholding of Taxes, except where a failure to comply,
individually or in the aggregate, has not had and is not reasonably expected to
have a Material Adverse Effect.
(i) Neither Global nor any of the Global Subsidiaries has any liability for the
Taxes of any person (other than Global and the Global Subsidiaries) under Treasury
Regulation ss. 1.1502-6 (or any similar provision of any state, local or foreign
law) as a transferee or successor, by contract or otherwise that, individually or
in the aggregate, has had or is reasonably expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
(j) As used in this Agreement (A) "Tax" means any federal, state, local or foreign
income, gross receipts, property, sales, use, value-added, license, excise, franchise,
employment, payroll, premium, withholding, alternative or added minimum, ad valorem,
transfer or excise tax, or any other tax, duty, governmental fee or other like assessment
or charge of any kind whatsoever, together with any related interest, penalty, addition
to tax or additional amount, and any liability for any of the foregoing as transferee, and (B) "Tax Return"
means any report, return, document, declaration or other information or filing required
to be filed with respect to taxes (whether or not a payment is required to be made
with respect to such filing), including information returns, any documents with
respect to or accompanying payments of estimated taxes, or with respect to or accompanying
requests for the extension of time in which to file any such report, return, document,
declaration or other information.
Section 3.10 Change of Control Agreement; No Excess Parachute Payment.
(a) Neither the execution and delivery of this Agreement, the consummation of
the Merger or the other transactions contemplated by this Agreement nor compliance
with the terms hereof will (either alone or in conjunction with any other event)
(i) entitle any current or former employee, officer, director or consultant of Global
or any Global Subsidiary (each, a "Global Participant") to enhanced severance or
termination pay, change in control or similar payments or benefits, (ii) result
in, cause the accelerated vesting or delivery of, or increase the amount or value
of, any payment or benefit to any Global Participant, (iii) trigger any payment
or funding (through a grantor trust or otherwise) of any compensation or benefits
under, increase the amount payable or trigger any other material obligation pursuant
to, or increase the cost of, any Global Benefit Plan or Global Benefit Agreement
or (iv) result in any breach or violation of, or a default under, any Global Benefit
Plan or Global Benefit Agreement. The aggregate amount of all cash payments that
may become payable or be provided to any Global Participant under the Global Benefit
Plans and Global Benefit Agreements (assuming for such purpose that such individual's
employment were terminated immediately following the Effective Time as if the Effective
Time were the date hereof) will not exceed the amount set forth in Section 3.10(a)
of the Global Disclosure Letter.
(b) Other than payments that may be made to persons set forth on Section 3.10(b)
of the Global Disclosure Letter (the "Primary Company Executives"), Global reasonably
anticipates no amount or other entitlement that could be received (whether in cash
or property or the vesting of property) as a result of the Merger or any other transaction
contemplated by this Agreement (alone or in combination with any other event) by
any Global Participant who is a "disqualified individual" (as such term is defined
in Treasury Regulation Section 1.280G-1) under any Global Benefit Plan, Global Benefit
Agreement or other compensation arrangement would be characterized as an "excess
parachute payment" (as such term is defined in Section 280G(b)(1) of the Code),
and no such disqualified individual is entitled to receive any additional payment
(e.g., any Tax gross up or other payment) from Global, Crown or any other person
in the event that the excise Tax required by Section 4999(a) of the Code is imposed
on such disqualified individual. Section 3.10(b) of the Global Disclosure Letter
sets forth (i) a complete and accurate list of Global's reasonable, good faith estimate
of the maximum amount that could be received (whether in cash or property or the
vesting of property, and including the amount of any Tax gross up) by each Primary
Company Executive as a result of the Merger or any other transaction contemplated
by this Agreement (alone or in combination with any other event) under all Global
Benefit Agreements and Global Benefit Plans and (ii) the "base amount" (as defined
in Section 280G(b)(3) of the Code) for each Primary Company Executive, calculated
as of the date of this Agreement.
Section 3.11 Litigation.
(a) There is no claim, suit, action, investigation, indictment or information,
or administrative, arbitration or other proceeding ("Litigation") pending or, to
the knowledge of Global, threatened against or affecting Global or any of the Global
Subsidiaries or any of their respective assets which, if adversely determined, individually
or in the aggregate, has had or is reasonably expected to have a Material Adverse
Effect.
(b) There is not any Order of any Governmental Entity or arbitrator outstanding
against, or, to the knowledge of Global, investigation by, any Governmental Entity
involving Global or any of the Global Subsidiaries or any of their respective assets
that, individually or in the aggregate, has had or is reasonably expected to have
a Material Adverse Effect.
(c) This Section 3.11 does not relate to Tax matters, employee benefits matters,
labor relations matters, environmental matters or intellectual property matters,
which are the subjects of Sections 3.9, 3.14, 3.15, 3.16, and 3.17, respectively.
Section 3.12 Contracts and Commitments.
(a) Section 3.12(a) of the Global Disclosure Letter sets forth a true and complete
list as of the date hereof of each Global Material Contract. "Global Material Contract"
means (i) a "material contract", as such term is defined in Section 601(b)(10) of
Regulation S-K of the SEC, (ii) a contract, agreement or arrangement which contains
any non-compete or exclusivity provisions with respect to the business of or geographic
area with respect to Global or any Global Subsidiary, or restricts the conduct of
the business of Global or any Global Subsidiary, or the geographic area or manner
in which Global or any Global Subsidiary may conduct business, in each case in any
material respect, (iii) a contract, agreement or arrangement between Global or any
Global Subsidiary on the one hand, and any officer or director of Global or any
person directly or indirectly owning, controlling or holding power to vote 5% or
more of Global's outstanding voting securities (other than compensation arrangements
involving a director or officer of Global listed or described in Section 3.14 of
the Global Disclosure Letter), on the other hand, or (iv) a contract, agreement
or arrangement to which Global or any Global Subsidiary or any of their respective
properties is subject that (A) involves annual revenue to Global or the Global Subsidiaries
in excess of $5,000,000 in the calendar year ending December 31, 2006, (B) obligates
Global or any Global Subsidiary to expend an amount in excess of $5,000,000 in the
calendar year ending December 31, 2006, (C) obligates Global or any Global Subsidiary
to make capital expenditures or acquire assets (including by way of construction,
including in a "build to suit" or similar agreement, or acquisition of communications
towers) in an amount estimated by Global as of the date hereof to be in excess of
$5,000,000 over the remaining life of such contract or (D) is a material arrangement
governing the legal relationship between Global or any Global Subsidiary and one
of the ten largest customers of Global and any Global Subsidiaries, taken as a whole,
for the calendar year ended December 31, 2005. Global has delivered or made available
true and complete copies of all such agreements, arrangements and commitments to
Crown.
(b) Except as is not reasonably expected to have, individually or in the aggregate,
a Material Adverse Effect, the Global Material Contracts are legal, valid, binding
and enforceable in accordance with their respective terms with respect to Global
and, to the knowledge of Global, with respect to each other party to any of such Global Material
Contracts, except, in each case, to the extent that enforcement of rights and remedies
created by any Global Material Contracts are subject to bankruptcy, insolvency,
fraudulent transfer, reorganization, moratorium and similar Laws of general application
related to or affecting creditors' rights and to general equity principles. There
are no existing defaults, violations or breaches by Global or any Global Subsidiary
of any notes, bonds, mortgages, indentures, contracts, agreements or leases to which
Global or any of the Global Subsidiaries is a party or by which Global or any of
the Global Subsidiaries or any property or asset of Global or any of the Global
Subsidiaries is bound or affected, including any Global Material Contract (or events
or conditions which, with notice or lapse of time or both would constitute such
a default, violation or breach) and, to the knowledge of Global, there are no such
defaults, violations or breaches (or events or conditions which, with notice or
lapse of time or both, would constitute such a default, violation or breach) with
respect to any third party to any such notes, bonds, mortgages, indentures, contracts,
agreements or leases that, in any such case, has had or is reasonably expected to
have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect. Global has no
knowledge of any pending or threatened bankruptcy, insolvency or similar proceeding
with respect to any party to any Global Material Contract which has had or is reasonably
expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. Section 3.12(b)(i) of the Global Disclosure
Letter identifies each Global Material Contract set forth therein that requires
the consent of or notice to the other party thereto to avoid any material breach,
default or violation of such contract, agreement or other instrument in connection
with the transactions contemplated hereby. Neither Global nor any Global Subsidiary
(i) is a party to any voting agreement with respect to the voting of any securities
of Global or (ii) has any contractual obligation to file a registration statement
under the Securities Act, in respect of any securities of Global or any Global Subsidiary.
(c) Section 3.12(c) of the Global Disclosure Letter sets forth a list of all
confidentiality agreements, standstill agreements or other similar agreements to
which Global or any of the Global Subsidiaries is a party relating to any Global
Takeover Proposal (as defined in Section 5.6(a)), or relating to any inquiry, proposal
or offer from Global to any person relating to, or that is reasonably expected to
lead to, any direct or indirect acquisition or purchase by Global, in one transaction
or a series of transactions, of assets or businesses (including by merger, acquisition
of capital stock or otherwise) that, if consummated, would be material to Global
and the Global Subsidiaries, taken as a whole. To the extent permitted by the terms
thereof, Global has provided copies of each such agreement or a summary of the material
terms thereof to Crown prior to the date hereof.
Section 3.13 Information Supplied. None of the information supplied or to be
supplied by Global specifically for inclusion or incorporation by reference in (i)
the Registration Statement will, at the time the Registration Statement is filed
with the SEC, at any time it is amended or supplemented or at the time it becomes
effective under the Securities Act, contain any untrue statement of a material fact
or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to
make the statements therein not misleading, or (ii) the Joint Proxy Statement will,
at the date it is first mailed to Global's stockholders or Crown's stockholders
or at the time of the Global Stockholders Meeting or the Crown Stockholders Meeting,
contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact
required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein,
in light of the circumstances under which they are made, not misleading. The Joint
Proxy Statement will comply as to form in all material respects with the requirements of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations
thereunder, except that no representation is made by Global with respect to statements
made or incorporated by reference therein based on information supplied by Crown
or Merger Sub specifically for inclusion or incorporation by reference in the Joint
Proxy Statement.
Section 3.14 Employee Benefit Plans.
(a) Section 3.14(a)(i) of the Global Disclosure Letter sets forth a list, as
of the date hereof, of all "employee pension benefit plans" (as defined in Section
3(2) of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended ("ERISA"))
(sometimes referred to individually as a "Global Pension Plan" and collectively
as the "Global Pension Plans), all "employee welfare benefit plans" (as defined
in Section 3(1) of ERISA) (sometimes referred to individually as a "Global Welfare
Plan" and collectively as the "Global Welfare Plans"), and each vacation or paid
time off, severance, termination, retention, change in control, employment, incentive
compensation, performance, profit sharing, stock-based, stock-related, stock option,
fringe benefit, perquisite, stock purchase, stock ownership, phantom stock and deferred
compensation plan, arrangement, agreement and understanding and other compensation,
benefit and fringe benefit plans, arrangements, agreements and understandings (whether
or not legally binding), sponsored, maintained, contributed to or required to be
sponsored, maintained or contributed to, by Global, any Global Subsidiary or any
other person that, together with Global, is treated as a single employer under Section
414(b), (c), (m) or (o) of the Code or any other applicable Law (each, a "Commonly
Controlled Entity"), in each case, providing benefits to any Global Participant,
but not including the Global Benefit Agreements (all such plans, arrangements, agreements
and understandings, collectively, "Global Benefit Plans"). Section 3.14(a)(ii) of
the Global Disclosure Letter sets forth a list, as of the date hereof, of (i) each
employment, deferred compensation, change in control, severance, termination, employee
benefit, loan, indemnification, consulting or similar contract between Global or
any Global Subsidiary, on the one hand, and any Global Participant, on the other
hand, and (ii) each contract between Global or any Global Subsidiary, on the one
hand, and any Global Participant, on the other hand, the benefits of which are contingent,
or the terms of which are materially altered, upon the occurrence of a transaction
involving Global of the nature contemplated by this Agreement (all such contracts
under the foregoing clauses (i) and (ii), collectively, "Global Benefit Agreements").
(b) Global has made available to Crown true and complete copies of (i) each Global
Benefit Plan and each Global Benefit Agreement (or, in the case of any unwritten
Global Benefit Plan or Global Benefit Agreement, a written summary of the material
provisions of such plan or agreement) in effect on the date hereof, (ii) the most
recent report on Form 5500 filed with the Internal Revenue Service with respect
to each Global Benefit Plan in effect on the date hereof, to the extent any such
report was required by applicable Law, (iii) the most recent summary plan description
for each Global Benefit Plan for which such a summary plan description is required
by applicable Law and (iv) each currently effective trust agreement or other funding
vehicle relating to any Global Benefit Plan. Neither Global nor any Commonly Controlled
Entity has sponsored, maintained, contributed to or been obligated to sponsor, maintain
or contribute to, or has any actual or contingent liability under, any benefit plan
that is subject to Title IV of ERISA or Section 412 of the Code or is otherwise
a defined benefit pension plan or is a plan described in Section 3(40) of ERISA
or Section 413 of the Code. With respect to any Global Welfare Plan or any Global Benefit Agreement that is an employee
welfare benefit plan, (A) no such Global Welfare Plan or Global Benefit Agreement
is unfunded or funded through a "welfare benefits fund" (as such term is defined
in Section 419(e) of the Code) or is self-insured, (B) each such Global Welfare
Plan and Global Benefit Agreement that is a "group health plan" (as such term is
defined in Section 5000(b)(1) of the Code) complies with the applicable requirements
of Section 4980B(f) of the Code and any applicable similar state or local Law and
(C) each such Global Welfare Plan and Global Benefit Agreement that is a group health
plan (including any such plan or agreement covering retirees or other former employees)
may be amended or terminated without material liability to Global or any Global
Subsidiary on or at any time after the Effective Time. No Global Welfare Plan or
Global Benefit Agreement that is an employee welfare benefit plan provides benefits
to, or on behalf of, any former employee after the termination of employment except
(1) where the full cost of such benefit is borne entirely by the former employee
(or his eligible dependents or beneficiaries) or (2) where the benefit is required
by Section 4980B of the Code.
(c) (i) Each Global Benefit Plan in effect on the date hereof has been administered
in all material respects in accordance with its terms and with all applicable Laws,
and Global and each of the Global Subsidiaries and all Global Benefit Plans are
in compliance in all material respects with the applicable provisions of ERISA,
the Code and other applicable Laws as to the Global Benefit Plans; (ii) all material
contributions, including participant contributions and benefit payments, required
under each Global Benefit Plan and Global Benefit Agreement have been made in full
on a timely and proper basis pursuant to the terms of such plan or agreement and
applicable Law; (iii) with respect to the Global Benefit Plans and Global Benefit
Agreements, individually or in the aggregate, no event has occurred, and there exists
no condition or set of circumstances, including claims, audits, and investigations,
in connection with which Global or any of the Global Subsidiaries is reasonably
expected to become subject to material liability under any Global Benefit Plan or
Global Benefit Agreement or under ERISA, the Code or any other applicable Law; (iv)
no Participant has received or is reasonably expected to receive any payment or
benefit from Global or any Global Subsidiary that would be nondeductible pursuant
to Section 162(m) of the Code or any other applicable Law except in connection with
or in combination with accelerated vesting of equity-based awards; (v) each Global
Pension Plan that is intended to comply with the provisions of Section 401(a) of
the Code has been the subject of a determination letter from the Internal Revenue
Service with respect to all Tax law changes with respect to which the Internal Revenue
Service is currently willing to provide a determination letter to the effect that
such Global Pension Plan currently is qualified and exempt from income Taxes under
Section 401(a) of the Code and the trust relating to such plan is exempt from income
Taxes under Section 501(a) of the Code, and no such determination letter has been
revoked and, to the knowledge of Global, revocation has not been threatened and,
to the knowledge of Global, no event has occurred since the date of the most recent
determination letter or application therefor relating to any such Global Pension
Plan that is reasonably expected to adversely affect the qualification of such Global
Pension Plan or materially increase the costs relating thereto or require security
under Section 307 of ERISA; (vi) Global has made available to Crown a copy of the
most recent determination letter received with respect to each Global Pension Plan
for which such a letter has been issued, as well as a copy of any pending application
for a determination letter and a complete and accurate list of all amendments to
any Global Pension Plan in effect as of the date hereof as to which a favorable
determination letter has not yet been received; (vii) there are no understandings,
agreements or undertakings, written or oral, with any person (other than pursuant to the express
terms of the applicable Global Benefit Plan or Global Benefit Agreement) that are
(pursuant to any such understandings, agreements or undertakings) reasonably expected
to result in any liabilities if such Global Benefit Plan or Global Benefit Agreement
were amended or terminated on or at any time after the Effective Time or that would
prevent any unilateral action by Global (or, after the Effective Time, Crown) to
effect such amendment or termination; (viii) other than as set forth in any Global
Benefit Plans or as may be required to avoid any adverse Tax consequence under Section
409A of the Code, since December 31, 2005, there has not been any adoption, entry
into, termination or amendment in any material respect by Global or any Global Subsidiaries
of any Global Benefit Plan or Global Benefit Agreement or any agreement (whether
or not legally binding) to adopt, enter into, terminate or amend any such plan or
agreement; (ix) only officers, directors and employees of Global or any Global Subsidiaries
are eligible for compensation or benefits under the terms of each Global Benefit
Plan, and each individual who is classified by Global or any Global Subsidiary as
an "employee" or as an "independent contractor" is properly so classified; and (x)
no Global Participant is entitled to any gross-up, make-whole or other additional
payment from Global or any Global Subsidiary in respect of any Tax (including Federal,
state, local or foreign income, excise or other Taxes (including Taxes imposed under
Section 409A of the Code)) or interest or penalty related thereto.
(d) With respect to each Global Benefit Plan, (i) there has not occurred any
"prohibited transaction" (as such term is defined in Section 406 of ERISA or Section
4975 of the Code) in which Global, any Global Subsidiary or any of their respective
officers, directors or employees or, to the knowledge of Global, any trustee or
other fiduciary or administrator of any Global Benefit Plan or trust created thereunder,
in each case, who is not an officer, director or employee of Global or any Global
Subsidiary (a "Non-Affiliate Plan Fiduciary"), or any agent of the foregoing, has
engaged that is reasonably likely to subject Global, any Global Subsidiary or any
of their respective officers, directors or employees or any Non-Affiliate Plan Fiduciary,
to the Tax or penalty on prohibited transactions imposed by Section 4975 of the
Code or the sanctions imposed under Title I of ERISA or any other applicable Law
and (ii) none of Global, any Global Subsidiary or any of their respective officers,
directors or employees, or, to the knowledge of Global, any Non-Affiliate Plan Fiduciary,
nor any agent of any of the foregoing, has engaged in any transaction or acted in
a manner, or failed to act in a manner, that is reasonably likely to subject Global,
any Global Subsidiary or any of their respective officers, directors or employees
or any Non-Affiliate Plan Fiduciary to any liability for breach of fiduciary duty
under ERISA or any other applicable Law.
(e) Each Global Benefit Plan and each Global Benefit Agreement that is a "nonqualified
deferred compensation plan" within the meaning of Section 409A(d)(1) of the Code
(a "Nonqualified Deferred Compensation Plan") subject to Section 409A of the Code
has been operated in material compliance with Section 409A of the Code since January
1, 2005, based upon a good faith, reasonable interpretation of (i) Section 409A
of the Code and (ii)(A) the Proposed Regulations issued thereunder or (B) Internal
Revenue Service Notice 2005-1 (clauses (i) and (ii), together, the "409A Authorities").
No Global Benefit Plan or Global Benefit Agreement that would be a Nonqualified
Deferred Compensation Plan subject to Section 409A of the Code but for the effective
date provisions that are applicable to Section 409A of the Code, as set forth in
Section 885(d) of the American Jobs Creation Act of 2004, as amended (the "AJCA"),
has been "materially modified" within the meaning of Section 885(d)(2)(B) of the AJCA after October 3, 2004, based upon a good faith reasonable interpretation
of the AJCA and the 409A Authorities.
(f) All outstanding Global Restricted Shares and Global Deferred Shares are evidenced
by restricted share award agreements, deferred share award agreements or other award
agreements, in each case as individually set forth in, or in the forms set forth
in, Section 3.14 of the Global Disclosure Letter, and no restricted share award
agreement, deferred share award agreement or other award agreement not individually
set forth therein contains terms that are materially inconsistent with such forms.
Section 3.15 |